[ 阅读 ] 句子简化题 | 细节题 | 排除题

Posted 2022-10-31 we1less

 [ 句子简化题 ]  [ 细节题 ] 

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[ 句子简化题 ]

[ 题型识别 ]

Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

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[ 答题方法 ]

1. 找主干  ( 主干内容相近原则 )

        ① 原句中有1个主干时，选项不包含该主干，错误

        ② 原句中有多个主干时，遵循 " 宁多勿少，宁少勿错 "

2. 找逻辑词  ( 逻辑矛盾可用于排除答案 )

        转折 和 因，转折 和 果，让步 和 因，让步 和 果

        although a, (but) b        尽管，但是

3. 找绝比概否  ( " 考点 + 内容 " 检验 )

        ① 绝对词：only，unique，rarely，just，have to / must，definitely，never ...

        ② 比较：more，the most，compare，contrast，-er，-est

        ③ 概括：all，whole，entire ...

        ④ 否定：

前缀：in- / im- / illegal / irregular，un-，mis-，anti-，dis- / de-(down)，nonagricultural sector ...

否定单词：no，not，little，lack，replace，avoid，disregard / ignore / neglect / vanish / perish (死亡，丧生; 毁灭; 腐烂，枯萎; 老化;)，hardly，seldom (不常; 很少; 难得;)，scarce，difficult，problem / problematic (成问题的，有疑问的)

否定词组：too...to，no longer，rather than (而不是) / other than (除...以外)，

lack of (缺乏) / void of (缺乏的)，instead of (而不是…)，take place of... (代替;)

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[ 句子简化题 - 例题示范 ]

Animal Signals in the Rain Forest

In the green-to yellow lighting conditions of the lowest levels of the forest, yellow and green would be the brightest colors, but when an animal is signaling, these colors would not be very visible if the animal was sitting in an area with a yellowish or greenish background.

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句子简化题分析

1. 找主干

        ① 黄绿最亮

        ② 信号 看不清

2. 找逻辑词：but

3. 考点：比 brightest ，否 not be very visible

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When an animal is signaling in an area with green-to yellow lighting condition, it's signal will not be visible if the background is brightly lit.

        1. 文章主语是黄绿色， 选项主语是信号

        2. 文章说的是背景色，选项说的是背景光

In the lowest levels of the forest, an animal's signals are not easily seen unless there is a yellowish or greenish background.

        1. 文章主语是黄绿色， 选项主语是信号

        2. unless = if not，除非

In the green-to-yellow lighting conditions at the lowest levels of the forest, only signals that are themselves green or yellow will be bright enough to be seen in most areas.

        1. 选项中出现了绝对词only，原文没有

Although green and yellow would be the brightest colors near the forest floor, these colors would make poor signals whenever the forest background was also in the green-to-yellow range.

        1. 让步( although (虽然; 尽管;) a, [ but ] b )，but在原文中出现了

        2. 否定词 poor

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句子简化题的习题练习

[ 阅读 ] 句子简化题、细节题、排除题_we1less的博客-CSDN博客

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[ 题型识别 ]

① 第一组：问原因

1. According to paragraph 6,large batches of clay writing tablets were stored because the tablets

2. Paragraph 2 suggests that Thomas Edison’s early efforts to develop a motion-picture camera failed because he could not figure out how to

3. According to paragraph 3, what was one cause of the economic problems in Europe of the fourteenth century?

4. According to paragraph 4, what may contribute to high mobility costs in Germany, the United Kingdom, and Japan?

5. According to paragraph 3, what is one possible explanation for why American workers change jobs more frequently than workers elsewhere do?

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② 第二组：问结果

1. According to paragraph 2, researchers discovered which of the following by playing recordings of songs to chaffinches?

2. According to paragraph 2, what do studies reveal about the tendency for workers to change jobs?

3. Which of the following is a probable effect of the fact mentioned in paragraph 4 that there are few available nesting locations near the Humboldt Current?

③ 第三组：问结果 | 积极 / 消极

1. According to paragraph 3, what advantage do birds gain by hatching all the colony’s eggs at the same time?

2. According to paragraph 2, why did the government place restrictions on dyers?

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④ 第四组：排除题的题干是段落的主旨

1. All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 2 as characteristic of wild chaffinches EXCEPT:

2. Paragraph 2 claims that yellow-rumped cacique colonies defend themselves from predators in all of the following ways EXCEPT :

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[ 细节题 ] 

[ 答题方法 ]

S  D  S  G

S 审题： 1. 判断题型，找出该题主要问的内容

(真实的题干分为 疑问句 / 陈述句，参考上述部分 [ 题目识别 ])

        ① 疑问句：定位疑问词 [ what + 相关词汇 ，why，when，where，who，how ... ]

        ② 陈述句：优先找题干最后部分 [ was 补全主语，becsuse ]

D 定位： 2. 提取题干名词 (名词为主、考点为辅，不与文章 [ 标题 ] 重复 / 相似)，不用人名，选2组以上定位词用于在原文找定位句

S 删减： 3. 找到定位句后，定位句与题干重复内容删减，关注剩余部分

特殊情况：定位句不是答案句

        代词：定位句中出现代词 ( 指代前文内容的 this)，答案句 = 定位句 + 前句  向前延申

                   定位句后一句出现代词，                              答案句 = 定位句 + 后句  向后延申

        并列：定位句后一句出现并列 ( at the same time / and / in addition )

                                                                                         答案句 = 定位句 + 后句  向后延申

        全部删减：定位句与题干重复，用选项定位

G 改写： 4. 剩余部分 = 选项改写

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[ 细节题 - 例题示范 ]

Paragraph 3
Recent studies of the Mayan collapse (beginning around A.D 900) have emphasized the gradual and progressive nature of the process, beginning in the earliest in the South and advancing northward. It was not a single, sudden event, as had once been thought. Warfare and social unrest are thought to have played a part, but these may well have arisen through pressure from 
other causes. The Mayan cities had, after all, flourished for over 500 years and had frequently been at war with each other.

4. According to paragraph 3, recent studies claim which of the following about the Mayan collapse?

A. It was caused primarily by frequent wars between rival city-states.

B. It was caused by a single sudden event.

C. It was preceded by social unrest in northern city-states.

D. It began in southern city-states and spread to others.

northward adv. 向北方;

advancing v. 前进( advance的现在分词 ); 

S：细节题 recent studies claim

D：

S：

G：= D