急求一篇全英文的论文

Posted 2023-03-14

本人是某中外联合办学学校的学生 现急求一篇英语论文 两天之内必须交上 希望各位大大们帮一下忙 帮忙写一篇 要求如下：
1。 字数约1500字
2。 要求语法比较通顺 尽量无错 因为我实在看不懂 也无法改错
3。 题目四选一 为：

1. Why do not people listen? What are the bariers o effective cmmunication and what does this mean for getting people to understand what you are saying?

2. Technology has improved our speed of communication and our ability to be reached anywhere, anytime on the planet. Do you think this has significantly improved cmmunication between people in China or is this not really communication at all?

3. Cross-cultural communication is always difficult. What are the experiences you have had in class, and what strategies did you adopt to overcome the barriers. What are the implications for study in Australia?

4. How much weight do we give non-verbal communication in our society and is it too much, about right, or not enough. How much about a person can you tell by not even speaking to them, but just watching and listening?

以上为论文题目与要求 事关小弟期末成绩 如有大大能帮忙 能加多少分双手奉上

冰天雪地 五花大绑 双手合十 跪求各位给小弟点HELP。
表BS我 我也是无奈啊 英文水平差 对了 请不要随便复制个网址给我让我去找 去了我也看不懂 愿意帮我写最好啦 不愿意写帮我找一下也可以 字数不要超过太多 我同学刚才在网上找了一篇题目差不多的 居然有15W字。。。

帮你弄一篇吧
我选的是第二个题目

Information and communications technology to China

China has experienced rapid growth within the information and communications technology (ICT) industry over the past decade, and now plays a leading role in China’s economic development.

As a result of China’s ‘opening up’ policy and path of economic reform, China’s electronic communications industry has grown at three times the rate of GDP growth. In 2006, China’s electronic communications industry revenue reached RMB475 billion.

The total value of foreign trade reached US$651.7 billion representing over 15 per cent of the global electronics trade, with the output of many electronic products ranked first worldwide. These electronics products include:
• colour TVs
• mobile phone handsets
• computers
• electronic watches
• calculators
• DVDs
China’s accession into the World Trade Organization (WTO) provided a transitional period for opening up its telecom sector which lasted until November 2007. Consequently, this has assisted China to develop one of the largest open telecom markets in the world. The Value Added Services (VAS) sector is expected to contribute to this growth, as one of the hottest market entry sectors for foreign ICT companies.

Through the Ministry of Information Industry (MII), the Chinese Government administers foreign direct investment into the telecommunications sector. This includes basic infrastructure and value added services, however, with various restrictions on foreign ownership levels. From 1 December 2007, a new set of Categories of Foreign Investment Industry Guidance 2007 Amended Version has been implemented, superseding the previous version issued on 30 November 2004, and providing new levels of guidance on foreign direct investment in the various industry sectors.

To ensure China’s telecommunications market operates in a fair, transparent and effective competitive environment, China’s first Telecommunications Law has been drafted and is currently undergoing a process of public consultation before being enacted. This should provide further guidance and protection to both investors and operators, in addition to the various regulations currently in place.
With China entering its 11th Five Year Plan period, ICT has also moved from 'enabling and promoting' to 'strengthening industry integration and indigenous innovations'. The key focuses are to:
• Continue increasing overall integrated ICT service levels
• Increase and improve the development of ICT infrastructure
• Strengthen the indigenous innovation in core industries
• Focus on incubating strategic industry clusters
• Proactively promote the integrated development of all ICT sectors
• Strengthen the modernisation of post services
• Strengthen the administration of radio communications
• Increase the supportive capability of ICT infrastructure to the national economy
By 2010, the targeted penetration levels for fixed telecommunication in China is anticipated to reach 30 per cent of its population to one billion subscribers in operation (SIO), and 45 per cent penetration in mobile communications to 600 million Sios. Internet users are anticipated to reach 200 million with 15 per cent penetration.
Telecommunications
Since the first wireless mobile phone base station was installed on 18 November 1987, China reached 531.4 million mobile SIOs at the end of October 2007. Therefore, China has the highest number of mobile phone subscribers in the world. The vast number of SIOs also generated 483.7 billion short message services (SMS). Due to China’s large population, mobile penetration in China is still considered low at 39.9 per cent when compared with most developed countries. This presents substantial growth opportunities for companies within the China market.

Fixed communications grew slightly lower than mobile communications with a total of 370 million SIOs, representing a 28.3 per cent penetration rate.

China has over 22,000 registered companies providing Value Added Services to the telecom sector. There are six major telecommunications operators in China:
• China Telecom
• China Mobile
• China Satellite Company
• China Unicom
• China Netcom
• China Railway Communications
Software and system integration
In 2006, the size of China’s domestic software market reached RMB480 billion. The total number of registered software companies increased to 15,723 with over 1.29 million people employed in the software industry. There were over 35 companies with a turnover exceeding RMB1 billion, and 51 companies with turnover in the range of RMB0.5–1 billion. Furthermore, more than 80 software companies had over 1,000 employees.

There are currently 38 companies with CMM5 (Capability Maturity Model For Software) certifications, the highest level of an internationally recognized certification program for software companies. In addition, 23 companies achieved CMM4 certifications and over 200 companies were awarded CMM3 certifications. The increasing number of Chinese software companies seeking and achieving CMM certification demonstrates their enhanced software development capabilities and overall product quality to compete in the global market.
Internet
Since China sent out the first email 'Across the Great Wall we can reach every corner in the world' on 20 September 1987, the diffusion of the Internet in China has grown in parallel with the development and expansion of the overall telecom infrastructure. China has become the world’s second largest Internet user country with an estimated 162 million users behind the US with 211 million users. In addition, at the end of June 2007, China had 67 million Internet connected computers and over 1.3 million websites. The total bandwidth to the world reached 312,346Mbps with annual growth rate of 45.8 per cent.

Although China’s Internet industry has achieved significant growth, the penetration is still very low at 12.3 per cent, as compared with the global average of 17.6 per cent. There is clear 'unequitable' access to the Internet between urban and rural areas with 21.6 per cent as compared to 5.1 per cent respectively.

ADSL, dial-Up and wireless (including mobile phone access) are the three key access methods of accessing the Internet in China. Broadband SIOs have grown very quickly. As at December 2007, broadband users reached 122 million, the largest user country in the world, with a penetration rate of 17.5 per cent. In 2007, 30 per cent of the new broadband users were from rural areas. In addition, there are also 20.2 million dial-Up users.

The key applications for Internet users in China are searching for news, instant messaging, and entertainment (music, video and games). There has been a growing trend of e-commerce related activities including net-shopping, travel booking, online stock market trading and banking. It is expected e-commerce related applications and services will become one of the key growth areas in the future.

Although there has been increasing trend of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Internet- related infrastructure, applications and services such as Internet Service Providers (ISPs), Application Service Provider (ASPs), and Internet Content Provider (ICPs) are yet to open up to foreign providers, and there are strict content management and approval processes in place to ensure that the Internet is used to enhance social responsibility and harmony.

The challenges facing China’s Internet industry include:
• Equitable access to the Internet between urban and rural areas to break the 'digital divide'.
• Level of information and technology knowledge among small to medium enterprises.
• Overall quality and applications of the Internet, to improve the productivity and be more competitive on the global market.
• Integration of information and communication technologies within all industry sectors.
Opportunities
The development of China’s ICT industry provides opportunities in a number of areas, which include the following:
• Telecommunications infrastructure
o 3G/4G wireless communications
o IP based technologies
o Rural telecommunications
o Network integration and billing
• Value Added Services
o e-Learning
o Entertainment
o Mobile applications
• E-Commerce
o Online payment and mobile payment
o e-Security
o Integrated logistics application and management
• Industry application
o Telematics
o Remote metering
o Geo-spatial application
o Environment and clean technology applications
o Finance and banking
o Security
o Digital content
• New Technologies and applications and materials
o IPTV
o New digital audio systems
o Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
o Nanotechnologies
o Energy efficiency materials
Tariffs, regulations and customs
Tariffs for ICT products and services vary depending on the category classification and what level of Chinese indigenous component is included. Certain ICT products exported to China are subject to China Compulsory Certification, known as 3CCC certification.

As a result of China's commitments for accession into the WTO, China has applied zero tariffs to 256 categories of ICT products. To determine the exact category and the level of tariffs applied, if any, it is recommended that experienced customs brokers specialised in ICT products are consulted.
Marketing your products and services
Market entry
Depending upon your company’s situation and strategic direction, there are various vehicles that can be utilised for entry into the Chinese ICT market. These include:
• Wholly owned foreign enterprises (WOFEs)
• Joint ventures (JVs)
• Value added resellers (VARs)
• Distributors
A new and emerging type of entry vehicle, Virtual Entry, has been utilised by many small and medium (SME) companies. A Chinese domain name is registered with all the content translated into the local language, however, operations are conducted offshore in the home country. Each vehicle requires a different set of requirements and investment strategies.

The Chinese Government’s aim is to become more transparent in awarding large projects. A public tender is normally published via media inviting Expression of Interests from interested and suitable companies. In some circumstances, foreign companies find it useful to form a partnership with suitable local companies to promote awareness of their capabilities. Establishing good relationships with key stakeholders are vital so that a company can be in a better position to access information and prepare a submission. However, many other projects are done via local network. In these circumstances it is often necessary to work with a local partner with a similar industry capability and background.

If your products or applications do not require local modification and are 'plug and play', you may sell your products and services via a local distributor. This can occur once customs import procedure is cleared and passes through relevant network-access tests if applicable.

If your products and applications require localisation, translation, further development and local integration, then a local service integrator needs to be engaged. This can be done via a joint venture partner or a service contractor, prior to selling to the end users, especially in financial and other sensitive categories.

In most of the cases, except games and English language learning applications, it is most likely that your products and applications will have to be 'localised' to suit the local market environment. This is especially important for accounting, intelligent transportation systems, finance and banking, and security applications.

Registration of a company is relatively easy in China once you meet all the requirements. Different company structures require different start-up capital funding. There can be regional variations to company registration requirements. It is recommended that you research well and consult widely before making a final investment decision.

刚才算了一下，大概是1700多字 参考技术A 你好，我回答的是第三个题目，仅供参考，希望对你有帮助哦

What are the most important culture differences and elements of intercultural communication?

As we all know, different countries have different cultures. 'Culture is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one category of people from another.' (Hofstede, 1991)
It is inevitable that the cultural difference has impact on business. For example, when a company having meeting, the word "table" in American English that means to put something on the agenda. But in British English it means to put something off the agenda. This example indicated how the culture affects the business.
There are four cultural dimensions that were defined in Hofstede's research: Power distance, Uncertainty avoidance, Individualism, Masculinity, and recently Hofstede add one more: long-term-short-term orientation.
What I think the most significant influence in cultural difference is the power distance. (Hoecklin,1995:28)"It would condition the extent to which employees accept that their boss has more power than they have and the extent to which they accept that their boss's opinions and decisions are right because he or she is the boss." I considered it as how much subordinates can consent or dissent with bosses or managers. It is the distance between a manager and subordinate. Among most oriental corporate cultures, there is hierarchism, greater centralization, sometimes called 'power-oriented culture', due to the historical reasons. That is a high power distance culture that mangers make the decision and superiors appeal to be entitled more privileges. Their decision always close supervision positively evaluated by subordinates. In this situation, it is not be regarded if a subordinates have a disagreement with their managers, especially in Malaysia, Japan, China, India.
In the oriental, power distance is also associated with 'the family culture' (Trompernaars, 1993:139). In this kind of corporate culture the manager is like the "caring father" who knows better than his subordinates what should be done and what is suitable for them. The subordinates always esteem the managers. Because of the managers age and experience. That is usually how employees get their promotion. There are both positive and negative parts in the family cultures. I feel it is an easy managing system. But sometime it is hard to get young creative employees work well cause of the hierarchy. As Tropmenaars (1993: 142) told us "family culture at their least effective drain the energies and loyalties of subordinates to buoy up the leader." So in family culture, the power distance can be viewed as the subordinates respect the superiors.
That is the corporate culture in orient. Let us take a look at the western way. It is not a whole converse phenomenon. There is 'the Eiffel Tower culture' (Trompernaars, 1997:166) in the international management. About the Eiffel tower Trompenaars (1993: 148) told us " Its hierarchy is very different from that of the family. Each higher level has a clear and demonstrable function of holding together the level beneath it." German, Austrian have the characteristic of the Eiffel Tower Culture, which is a low power distance. In the lower power dis tance, (Hoecklin, 1995:31) 'higher-educated employees hold much less authoritarian values than lower-educated ones.' The obedience showed from the subordinates to the superiors is not as much as the oriental way. The leadership can be called as hierarchy and consensus. Employee can have different opinion with his/her boss. And when he/she got different ideas, he/she can go all the way up to the boss and discuss the problem. This is a good thing usually company may explore all the potentials of its employees, because sometime the subordinates may have the better&nb sp;idea of the business.
I think because of the different realization of power distance, people behave completely different in business. So conflict and misunderstanding must be emerged when two or more intercultures meet up. Under this situation, the international managers must pay attention to the clashes and be aware of. How to work the subordinates together efficiently and more cooperatively is important too.
And then there is also a large discrepancy on the uncertainty avoidance. (Hoecklin, 1995:31) defined 'Uncertainty avoidance is the lack of tolerance for ambiguity and the need for formal rules.' That means people trying to setup rules to face to the uncertainty. There is high uncertainty avoidance in most oriental countries such as Japan, China. In these countries, people prefer a stable job. They feel safe and prideful when they keep working hard at the one place. Under this circumstance, an excellent manager should keep his employee away from unpredictable ;risk. And the employee would like to be worked within groups rather than independently cause of the less risk-taking. But in most western countries, there is low uncertainty avoidance showed, whereas high job mobility occurs in those countries such as USA, Denmark, Singapore. The western people think that when they change their jobs, they can get more experience cause they like challenge. I believe that the divergence of the uncertainty avoidance is from different basic social ideology. A competent manager should pay attention on the rules setting between different uncer tainty avoidance. 参考技术B 给你个翻译网站呢：http://translate.google.com/translate_t#

你只要先把问题翻译出来，再把你想说的中文（论文）翻译出来就行了。放心，你绝对看得懂！o(∩_∩)o...

~★~多给我点追加分哦~☆~

（不过，小妹这网站只为了应急，建议你还是自己写比较好……瞒得了初一瞒不过十五啊！你得为你自己以后打算啊……） 参考技术C 我这里有7篇研究生论文.都是很齐全的,我自己毕业就用的那个
但是好象内容和你的不大符合
你要是能自立题目的话，可以找我
删节一下就能用 参考技术D 强