2021-08-12

Posted 2022-10-14 「已注销」

一个简单的记录步数自定义View

• • 一个简单的记录步数自定义View
  • • 最终效果
    • 代码
    • 一些理解
    • 原作者课程链接

一个简单的记录步数自定义View

最终效果

最终效果

代码

• 自定义View

package com.example.viewapplication;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.graphics.RectF;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

public class QQStepView extends View 

    private int mOuterColor = Color.RED;
    private int mInnerColor =Color.BLUE;
    private int mBorderWidth = 20; //20px
    private int mStepTextSize;
    private int mStepTextColor;

    private Paint mOutPaint,mInnerPaint,mTextPaint;

    // 总共的 和 当前的步数
    private int mMaxStep = 0;
    private int mCurrentStep = 0;

    public QQStepView(Context context) 
        this(context, null);
    

    public QQStepView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) 
        this(context, attrs, 0);
    

    public QQStepView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) 
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        // 1.分析效果
        // 2。确定自定义属性 编写attr.xml
        // 3。在布局中使用
        // 4。在自定义View中获取自定义属性
        TypedArray array = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.QQStepView);
        mOuterColor = array.getColor(R.styleable.QQStepView_outerColor, mOuterColor);
        mInnerColor = array.getColor(R.styleable.QQStepView_innerColor, mInnerColor);
        mBorderWidth = (int) array.getDimension(R.styleable.QQStepView_borderWidth, mBorderWidth);
        mStepTextSize = array.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.QQStepView_stepTextSize, mStepTextSize);
        mStepTextColor = array.getColor(R.styleable.QQStepView_stepTextColor, mStepTextColor);
        array.recycle();

        mOutPaint = new Paint();
        mOutPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        mOutPaint.setStrokeWidth(mBorderWidth);
        mOutPaint.setColor(mOuterColor);
        mOutPaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND); // 弧线末尾有圆角
        mOutPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE); // 画笔空心

        mInnerPaint = new Paint();
        mInnerPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        mInnerPaint.setStrokeWidth(mBorderWidth);
        mInnerPaint.setColor(mInnerColor);
        mInnerPaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);
        mInnerPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);

        mTextPaint = new Paint();
        mTextPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        mTextPaint.setColor(mStepTextColor);
        mTextPaint.setTextSize(mStepTextSize);
        // 5。onMeasure（）
        // 6。 画外圆弧 内圆弧 文字
        // 7。其他
    

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) 
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        // 因为圆弧的宽和高是相等的 宽高不一致时 取最小值 确保是个正方形
        int width = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
        int height = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);

        setMeasuredDimension(Math.min(width, height), Math.min(width, height));
    

    // 6.画外圆弧 内圆弧 文字

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) 
        super.onDraw(canvas);

        // 因为弧线本身是有宽度的 设置外接矩形时要考虑到这一点 否则圆弧会画到外接矩形外面
        // 其实只要弧有宽度就会画外接矩形外面 这里意思是设置外接矩形时 就减去半个弧线宽度的长度
        // 这样圆弧的宽高和预设的就是一致的
        RectF rectF = new RectF(mBorderWidth / 2, mBorderWidth / 2, getWidth() - mBorderWidth, getHeight() - mBorderWidth);
        canvas.drawArc(rectF, 135, 270, false, mOutPaint);
        if (mMaxStep == 0) return;
        // 画内圆弧 怎么画不能写死 由使用者设置属性 从外面传
        float sweepAngle = (float) mCurrentStep / mMaxStep;
        canvas.drawArc(rectF,135, sweepAngle * 270, false, mInnerPaint);

        // 画文字 注意画文字时设置基线的问题
        String stepText = mCurrentStep + "";
        Rect textBound = new Rect();
        mTextPaint.getTextBounds(stepText, 0, stepText.length(), textBound);
        // 计算基线位置
        int dx = getWidth() / 2 - textBound.width() / 2;
        Paint.FontMetricsInt fontMetricsInt = mTextPaint.getFontMetricsInt();
        int dy = (fontMetricsInt.bottom - fontMetricsInt.top) / 2 - fontMetricsInt.bottom;
        int baseLine = getHeight() / 2 + dy;
        canvas.drawText(stepText, dx, baseLine, mTextPaint);
    

    public synchronized void setmMaxStep(int stepMax)
        this.mMaxStep = stepMax;
    

    public synchronized void setmCurrentStep(int currentStep)
        this.mCurrentStep = currentStep;
        // 不断绘制 onDraw（） invalidate中会调用ondraw（）方法
        invalidate();
    

• 自定义属性

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>

    <declare-styleable name="QQStepView">
        <attr name="outerColor" format="color"/>
        <attr name="innerColor" format="color"/>
        <attr name="borderWidth" format="dimension"/>
        <attr name="stepTextSize" format="dimension"/>
        <attr name="stepTextColor" format="color"/>
    </declare-styleable>

</resources>

• layout

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
      xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="match_parent"
      tools:context=".MainActivity"
      android:orientation="vertical">
  
      <com.example.viewapplication.QQStepView
          android:layout_width="match_parent"
          android:layout_height="match_parent"
          android:id="@+id/step_view"
          app:outerColor="@color/teal_200"
          app:innerColor="@color/purple_200"
          app:borderWidth="20dp"
          app:stepTextColor="@color/black"
          app:stepTextSize="30sp"
          />
  
  
  
  </LinearLayout>
  

• Activity

  package com.example.viewapplication;
  
  import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
  
  import android.animation.ObjectAnimator;
  import android.animation.ValueAnimator;
  import android.os.Bundle;
  import android.view.animation.DecelerateInterpolator;
  
  public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity 
  
      @Override
      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
          setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
          final QQStepView qqStepView = (QQStepView) findViewById(R.id.step_view);
          qqStepView.setmMaxStep(4000);
  
          // 属性动画
          ValueAnimator valueAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(0, 3000);
          valueAnimator.setDuration(2000);
          valueAnimator.setInterpolator(new DecelerateInterpolator());
          valueAnimator.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() 
              @Override
              public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation) 
                  float currentStep = (float) animation.getAnimatedValue();
                  qqStepView.setmCurrentStep((int) currentStep);
              
          );
          valueAnimator.start();
      
  
  

  一些理解

  • Invalidate()

  p.invalidateChild(this, damage);  Parent父类
                  parent = parent.invalidateChildInParent(location, dirty);
                  if (view != null) 
                      // Account for transform on current parent
                      Matrix m = view.getMatrix();
                      if (!m.isIdentity()) 
                          RectF boundingRect = attachInfo.mTmpTransformRect;
                          boundingRect.set(dirty);
                          m.mapRect(boundingRect);
                          dirty.set((int) Math.floor(boundingRect.left),
                                  (int) Math.floor(boundingRect.top),
                                  (int) Math.ceil(boundingRect.right),
                                  (int) Math.ceil(boundingRect.bottom));
                      
                  
               while (parent != null);
  
  mView.draw(canvas);
  

  Invalidate() 流程：一路往上寻找父view，跑到最外层

  Draw() -> dispatchDraw() 一路往下画 最终画到当前调用invalidate到view的onDraw（）方法

  invalidate牵连着整个layout布局中的view

  • 为什么不能在子线程中更新UI

  开了线程 更新UI会会调用到 ViewRootImpl.checkThread()

  checkThread() 用来检测线程

  // if (mThread != Thread.currentThread())     
  // Thread.currentThread()是子线程   mThread  在构造函数中初始化的 Thread.currentThread() 主线程mainThread
  
  if (mThread != Thread.currentThread()) 
              throw new CalledFromWrongThreadException(
                      "Only the original thread that created a view hierarchy can touch its views.");
  
  

  • 设置UI时经常会用到的setText（） setImageView（）等方法会调用onInvalidate（）容易产生过度绘制的问题
  • 如果是自己画不用系统的布局嵌套 可以减少绘制次数 但是开发效率又低了

  原作者课程链接

  03自定义View - 仿QQ运动步数进度效果