STM32 HAL I2C 轮询模式
Posted
技术标签:
【中文标题】STM32 HAL I2C 轮询模式【英文标题】：STM32 HAL I2C Polling Mode 【发布时间】：2022-01-13 07:03:27 【问题描述】：我最近开始使用 stm32 和 HAL 库。我想尝试两个核板之间的简单通信；一个 F4 和一个 L4。我尝试使用 HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit() 和 HAL_I2C_Slave_Receive() 编写一个简单的代码，但我被卡住了，因为我不知道如何在轮询模式下实现。如果我只是使用 HAL_I2C_Slave_Receive(....) 微控制器不会等到另一个单元发送数据。我需要一个简单的例子来了解如何实现轮询模式 I2C 通信，请。 我期望的结果是在 pData 中看到字符串“Hello world！”
我给你看我不工作的代码。
PB9->SDA PB6->SCL
首先是与L476核板相关的部分（配置为发射器）
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* <h2><center>© Copyright (c) 2021 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.</center></h2>
*
* This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
* the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
* License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
* opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
I2C_HandleTypeDef hi2c1;
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_I2C1_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_I2C1_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
char dataBuffer[] = "Hello world!";
/* USER CODE END 2 */
if(HAL_I2C_IsDeviceReady(&hi2c1, 0x68, 2, 10) == HAL_OK)
HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5);
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c1, (0x68 << 1), (uint8_t *)dataBuffer, sizeof dataBuffer, 50);
HAL_Delay(10000);
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
/* USER CODE END 3 */
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = 0;
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = 0;
/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
*/
if (HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1) != HAL_OK)
Error_Handler();
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_MSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.MSIState = RCC_MSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.MSICalibrationValue = 0;
RCC_OscInitStruct.MSIClockRange = RCC_MSIRANGE_6;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
Error_Handler();
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_MSI;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK)
Error_Handler();
/**
* @brief I2C1 Initialization Function
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
static void MX_I2C1_Init(void)
/* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE END I2C1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_Init 1 */
/* USER CODE END I2C1_Init 1 */
hi2c1.Instance = I2C1;
hi2c1.Init.Timing = 0x00000D15;
hi2c1.Init.OwnAddress1 = 192;
hi2c1.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
hi2c1.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_DISABLE;
hi2c1.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
hi2c1.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
hi2c1.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
hi2c1.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c1) != HAL_OK)
Error_Handler();
/** Configure Analogue filter
*/
if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c1, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_DISABLE) != HAL_OK)
Error_Handler();
/** Configure Digital filter
*/
if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c1, 0) != HAL_OK)
Error_Handler();
/* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_Init 2 */
/* USER CODE END I2C1_Init 2 */
/**
* @brief GPIO Initialization Function
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = 0;
/* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
/*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
/*Configure GPIO pin : PC5 */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_5;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
然后是F446核板相关部分（配置为接收器）
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* <h2><center>© Copyright (c) 2021 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.</center></h2>
*
* This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
* the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
* License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
* opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
I2C_HandleTypeDef hi2c1;
char pData[30];
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_I2C1_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_I2C1_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
HAL_I2C_Slave_Receive(&hi2c1, (uint8_t *)pData, 12, 50);
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
/* USER CODE END 3 */
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = 0;
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = 0;
/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
*/
__HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE3);
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
Error_Handler();
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK)
Error_Handler();
/**
* @brief I2C1 Initialization Function
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
static void MX_I2C1_Init(void)
/* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE END I2C1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_Init 1 */
/* USER CODE END I2C1_Init 1 */
hi2c1.Instance = I2C1;
hi2c1.Init.ClockSpeed = 100000;
hi2c1.Init.DutyCycle = I2C_DUTYCYCLE_2;
hi2c1.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0x68;
hi2c1.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
hi2c1.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_DISABLE;
hi2c1.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
hi2c1.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
hi2c1.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c1) != HAL_OK)
Error_Handler();
/* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_Init 2 */
/* USER CODE END I2C1_Init 2 */
/**
* @brief GPIO Initialization Function
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
/* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
【问题讨论】：
请edit您的问题，复制并粘贴您的（无效或不完整的）代码，将其格式化为代码块，并告诉我们您想要的究竟是什么不工作。 （你使用什么输入，你得到什么输出/结果/行为以及你期望什么？） 嗨@Bodo我修改了添加cubeMx生成的代码的问题，我只添加了HAL库中的I2C函数。 尽管有人能够在您的代码中找到问题，但您通常应该添加更多详细信息，说明哪些内容无法正常工作，正如我在之前的评论中所写的那样。 （你使用什么输入，你得到什么输出/结果/行为以及你期望什么？） 【参考方案1】：您已对其进行了编程，以便调用一次 HAL_I2C_Slave_Receive 并在超时前尝试接收 50 毫秒。
您想继续尝试接收数据。所以将HAL_I2C_Slave_Receive 放在一个循环中并处理它的返回值是要走的路。
要处理的有趣的返回值是：
HAL_OK：你收到了数据，用它做点什么。
HAL_TIMEOUT: 什么也没收到。请稍后再试。
【讨论】：
嗨，我试着按照你说的做。发送器现在找到另一个单元，因为 HAL_I2C_IsDeviceReady () 工作正常，但再次没有数据到达接收器。总是发生 HAL_ERROR_TIMEOUT。会不会是两个 Nucleo 板不兼容的问题？ 好的，我发现了错误。我在地址字段HAL_I2C_MASTER_TRANSMIT()中使用了(0x68以上是关于STM32 HAL I2C 轮询模式的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
如何使用 STM32CUBE HAL 库进行连续 i2c 读取