最快的 Python Web 框架入门
Posted woshijiuke
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速度比较
框架 | 实现基础 | 每秒请求数 | 平均时间 |
---|---|---|---|
Sanic | Python 3.5 + uvloop | 30,601 | 3.23ms |
Wheezy | gunicorn + meinheld | 20,244 | 4.94ms |
Falcon | gunicorn + meinheld | 18,972 | 5.27ms |
Bottle | gunicorn + meinheld | 13,596 | 7.36ms |
Flask | gunicorn + meinheld | 4,988 | 20.08ms |
Kyoukai | Python 3.5 + uvloop | 3,889 | 27.44ms |
Aiohttp | Python 3.5 + uvloop | 2,979 | 33.42ms |
安装
环境:python3.5+ python -m pip install sanic
Hello World
创建文件main.py,写入下面的内容
from sanic import Sanic from sanic.response import json app = Sanic(__name__) @app.route("/") async def test(request): return json({ "hello": "world" }) app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
sanic是不是看起来和flask一样
Request
属性
request.files (dictionary of File objects) - 上传文件列表
request.json (any) - json数据
request.args (dict) - get数据
request.form (dict) - post表单数据
例子
from sanic import Sanic from sanic.response import json @app.route("/json") def post_json(request): return json({ "received": True, "message": request.json }) @app.route("/form") def post_json(request): return json({ "received": True, "form_data": request.form, "test": request.form.get(‘test‘) }) @app.route("/files") def post_json(request): test_file = request.files.get(‘test‘) file_parameters = { ‘body‘: test_file.body, ‘name‘: test_file.name, ‘type‘: test_file.type, } return json({ "received": True, "file_names": request.files.keys(), "test_file_parameters": file_parameters }) @app.route("/query_string") def query_string(request): return json({ "parsed": True, "args": request.args, "url": request.url, "query_string": request.query_string })
路由
和flask差不多,一看就懂
from sanic import Sanic from sanic.response import text @app.route(‘/tag/‘) async def person_handler(request, tag): return text(‘Tag - {}‘.format(tag)) @app.route(‘/number/‘) async def person_handler(request, integer_arg): return text(‘Integer - {}‘.format(integer_arg)) @app.route(‘/number/‘) async def person_handler(request, number_arg): return text(‘Number - {}‘.format(number)) @app.route(‘/person/‘) async def person_handler(request, name): return text(‘Person - {}‘.format(name)) @app.route(‘/folder/‘) async def folder_handler(request, folder_id): return text(‘Folder - {}‘.format(folder_id))
注册中间件
app = Sanic(__name__) @app.middleware async def halt_request(request): print("I am a spy") @app.middleware(‘request‘) async def halt_request(request): return text(‘I halted the request‘) @app.middleware(‘response‘) async def halt_response(request, response): return text(‘I halted the response‘) @app.route(‘/‘) async def handler(request): return text(‘I would like to speak now please‘) app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
异常处理
抛出异常
from sanic import Sanic from sanic.exceptions import ServerError @app.route(‘/killme‘) def i_am_ready_to_die(request): raise ServerError("Something bad happened")
处理异常
from sanic import Sanic from sanic.response import text from sanic.exceptions import NotFound @app.exception(NotFound) def ignore_404s(request, exception): return text("Yep, I totally found the page: {}".format(request.url))
蓝图
和flask中的蓝图一样,用于组织项目结构
创建一个蓝图,相当于创建一个sanic app,上面的用法和上面相同,把app改成蓝图名称bp
from sanic.response import json from sanic import Blueprint bp = Blueprint(‘my_blueprint‘) @bp.route(‘/‘) async def bp_root(): return json({‘my‘: ‘blueprint‘})
蓝图注册到主app
from sanic import Sanic from my_blueprint import bp app = Sanic(__name__) app.register_blueprint(bp) app.run(host=‘0.0.0.0‘, port=8000, debug=True)
总结
sanic将是一个非常流行的框架.因为它基于python3.5+,使用了许多新的特性,这些特性让程序速度更快。
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