最快的 Python Web 框架入门

Posted 2020-12-05

速度比较

框架 实现基础 每秒请求数 平均时间
Sanic Python 3.5 + uvloop 30,601 3.23ms
Wheezy gunicorn + meinheld 20,244 4.94ms
Falcon gunicorn + meinheld 18,972 5.27ms
Bottle gunicorn + meinheld 13,596 7.36ms
Flask gunicorn + meinheld 4,988 20.08ms
Kyoukai Python 3.5 + uvloop 3,889 27.44ms
Aiohttp Python 3.5 + uvloop 2,979 33.42ms
安装
环境：python3.5+?
python -m pip install sanic
Hello World
创建文件main.py，写入下面的内容
1.from sanic import Sanic
2.from sanic.response import json
3.
4.app = Sanic(name)br/>5.
[email protected]("/")
7.async def test(request):

8. ? ?return json({ "hello": "world" })

9. 10.app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
   运行?python3 main.py?
   sanic是不是看起来和flask一样
   Request
   属性?
   request.files (dictionary of File objects) - 上传文件列表?
   request.json (any) - json数据?
   request.args (dict) - get数据?
   request.form (dict) - post表单数据
   例子
   1.from sanic import Sanic
   2.from sanic.response import json

10. [email protected]("/json")
    5.def post_json(request):

11. ? ?return json({ "received": True, "message": request.json })

12. [email protected]("/form")
    9.def post_json(request):

13. ? ?return json({ "received": True, "form_data": request.form, "test": request.form.get(‘test‘) })

14. [email protected]("/files")
    13.def post_json(request):

15. ? ?test_file = request.files.get(‘test‘)
17. ? ?file_parameters = {
18. ? ? ? ?‘body‘: test_file.body,
19. ? ? ? ?‘name‘: test_file.name,
20. ? ? ? ?‘type‘: test_file.type,
21. ? ?}
23. ? ?return json({ "received": True, "file_names": request.files.keys(), "test_file_parameters": file_parameters })

24. [email protected]("/query_string")
    25.def query_string(request):

25. ? ?return json({ "parsed": True, "args": request.args, "url": request.url, "query_string": request.query_string })
    路由
    和flask差不多，一看就懂
    1.from sanic import Sanic
    2.from sanic.response import text

26. [email protected](‘/tag/‘)
    5.async def person_handler(request, tag):

27. ? ?return text(‘Tag - {}‘.format(tag))

28. [email protected](‘/number/‘)
    9.async def person_handler(request, integer_arg):

29. ? ?return text(‘Integer - {}‘.format(integer_arg))

30. [email protected](‘/number/‘)
    13.async def person_handler(request, number_arg):

31. ? ?return text(‘Number - {}‘.format(number))

32. [email protected](‘/person/‘)
    17.async def person_handler(request, name):

33. ? ?return text(‘Person - {}‘.format(name))

34. [email protected](‘/folder/‘)
    21.async def folder_handler(request, folder_id):

35. ? ?return text(‘Folder - {}‘.format(folder_id))
    注册中间件
    1.app = Sanic(name)

36. [email protected]
    4.async def halt_request(request):

37. ? ?print("I am a spy")

38. [email protected](‘request‘)
    8.async def halt_request(request):

39. ? ?return text(‘I halted the request‘)

40. [email protected](‘response‘)
    12.async def halt_response(request, response):

41. ? ?return text(‘I halted the response‘)

42. [email protected](‘/‘)
    16.async def handler(request):

43. ? ?return text(‘I would like to speak now please‘)

44. 19.app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
    异常处理
    抛出异常
    1.from sanic import Sanic
    2.from sanic.exceptions import ServerError

45. [email protected](‘/killme‘)
    5.def i_am_ready_to_die(request):

46. ? ?raise ServerError("Something bad happened")
    处理异常
    1.from sanic import Sanic
    2.from sanic.response import text
    3.from sanic.exceptions import NotFoundbr/>[email protected](NotFound)
    5.def ignore_404s(request, exception):
47. ? ?return text("Yep, I totally found the page: {}".format(request.url))
    蓝图
    和flask中的蓝图一样，用于组织项目结构?
    创建一个蓝图，相当于创建一个sanic app,上面的用法和上面相同，把app改成蓝图名称bp
    1.from sanic.response import json
    2.from sanic import Blueprint

48. 4.bp = Blueprint(‘my_blueprint‘)

49. [email protected](‘/‘)
    7.async def bp_root():

50. ? ?return json({‘my‘: ‘blueprint‘})
    蓝图注册到主app
    1.from sanic import Sanic
    2.from my_blueprint import bp

51. 4.app = Sanic(name)
    5.app.register_blueprint(bp)

52. 7.app.run(host=‘0.0.0.0‘, port=8000, debug=True)
    总结
    sanic将是一个非常流行的框架．因为它基于python3.5+，使用了许多新的特性，这些特性让程序速度更快。
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