DNS解析综合学习案例

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1、用户需把/dev/myvg/mylv逻辑卷以支持磁盘配额的方式挂载到网页目录下
2、在网页目录下创建测试文件index.html,内容为用户名称,通过浏览器访问测试
3、创建用户账户,对LVM配置磁盘配额限制用户磁盘容量为软限制80M;硬限制100M、文件数量软限制为80个;硬限制为100个。
4、构建主从DNS域名解析环境
5、主从DNS都可将www.study.com域名解析为192.168.200.113
6、客户机可通过浏览器访问www.study.com得到WEB服务器相应内容
7、主域名服务器要同时担任缓存域名服务器功能
8、客户机通过nslookup域名测试工具可解析到www.jd.com等网站的域名解析结果 

创建三个内存相等的分区

 

 

sdb1,sdb2,sdb3

 

 

将这三个分区组成RAID5
[root@ns1
~]# mdadm -C /dev/md5 -l 5 -n 3 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb3 #创建RAID5 ,3块活动硬盘 mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata mdadm: array /dev/md5 started.

 

[root@ns1 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/md5  #查看

 

磁盘 /dev/md5:21.5 GB, 21458059264 字节,41910272 个扇区

Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节

I/O 大小(最小/最佳):524288 字节 / 1048576 字节

 

 

构建md5为物理卷

[root@ns1 ~]# pvcreate /dev/md5                

  Physical volume "/dev/md5" successfully created

[root@ns1 ~]# pvdisplay /dev/md5

  "/dev/md5" is a new physical volume of "19.98 GiB"

  --- NEW Physical volume ---

  PV Name               /dev/md5

  VG Name               

  PV Size               19.98 GiB

  Allocatable           NO

  PE Size               0   

  Total PE              0

  Free PE               0

  Allocated PE          0

  PV UUID               IdVTjI-oDcr-FmXN-ECI2-myNJ-ssXe-J4b49e

卷组

[root@ns1 ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/md5

  Volume group "myvg" successfully created

[root@ns1 ~]# vgdisplay myvg

  --- Volume group ---

  VG Name               myvg

  System ID             

  Format                lvm2

  Metadata Areas        1

  Metadata Sequence No  1

  VG Access             read/write

  VG Status             resizable

  MAX LV                0

  Cur LV                0

  Open LV               0

  Max PV                0

  Cur PV                1

  Act PV                1

  VG Size               19.98 GiB

  PE Size               4.00 MiB

  Total PE              5115

  Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0   

  Free  PE / Size       5115 / 19.98 GiB

  VG UUID               4x4UqB-FbLZ-rWjQ-zJDg-hHZp-b8Gw-PpihfO

 

逻辑卷

[root@ns1 ~]# lvcreate -L 10G -n mylv myvg

  Logical volume "mylv" created.

[root@ns1 ~]# lvdisplay /dev/myvg/mylv

  --- Logical volume ---

  LV Path                /dev/myvg/mylv

  LV Name                mylv

  VG Name                myvg

  LV UUID                hUJ15W-JCqC-orEC-8hZy-V9zH-vift-eKeW03

  LV Write Access        read/write

  LV Creation host, time ns1.yuan.com, 2019-08-19 09:09:09 +0800

  LV Status              available

  # open                 0

  LV Size                10.00 GiB

  Current LE             2560

  Segments               1

  Allocation             inherit

  Read ahead sectors     auto

  - currently set to     8192

  Block device           253:2
格式化逻辑卷

[root@ns1 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/myvg/mylv

log stripe unit (524288 bytes) is too large (maximum is 256KiB)

log stripe unit adjusted to 32KiB

meta-data=/dev/myvg/mylv         isize=256    agcount=16, agsize=163712 blks

         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1

         =                       crc=0        finobt=0

data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=2619392, imaxpct=25

         =                       sunit=128    swidth=256 blks

naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0

log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2

         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=8 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

 

DNS解析综合学习案例

 

1、用户需把/dev/myvg/mylv逻辑卷以支持磁盘配额的方式挂载到网页目录下

[root@ns1 ~]# mount /dev/myvg/mylv /usr/local/apache/htdocs/

[root@ns1 ~]# df -Th

文件系统                类型      容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点

/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs        38G  9.2G   29G   25% /

devtmpfs                devtmpfs  985M     0  985M    0% /dev

tmpfs                   tmpfs     994M   80K  994M    1% /dev/shm

tmpfs                   tmpfs     994M  8.9M  985M    1% /run

tmpfs                   tmpfs     994M     0  994M    0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1               xfs       497M  107M  391M   22% /boot

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv   xfs        10G   33M   10G    1% /usr/local/apache/htdocs

 

2、在网页目录下创建测试文件index.html,内容为用户名称,通过浏览器访问测试

 

3、创建用户账户,对LVM配置磁盘配额限制用户磁盘容量为软限制80M;硬限制100M文件数量软限制为80个;硬限制为100个。

[root@ns1 ~]# useradd zhangsan

[root@ns1 ~]# vi /etc/fstab         //手动添加

/dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=a220eccb-2c0f-485d-bca4-f3659f3326e8 /boot xfs defaults 0
0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv         /usr/local/apache/htdocs          xfs     defaults,usrquota       0       0

[root@ns1 ~]# umount /usr/local/apache/htdocs

[root@ns1 ~]# mount -a           //挂载fstab文件内的磁盘

[root@ns1 ~]# mount |grep /usr/local/apache/htdocs      //挂载并查看类型

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv on /usr/local/apache/htdocs type xfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,attr2,inode64,sunit=1024,swidth=2048,usrquota)

[root@ns1 ~]# quotacheck -avug

[root@ns1 ~]# quotaon -avug

[root@ns1 ~]# setquota -u zhangsan 80000  100000  80  100  /usr/local/apache/htdocs  //设置zhangsan用户的磁盘配额

[root@ns1 ~]# quota -uvs zhangsan

Disk quotas for user zhangsan (uid 8905):

     Filesystem   space      quota       limit           grace    files    quota     limit        grace

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv

                          0K        80000K    100000K                   0         80      100

 

4、构建主从DNS域名解析环境

5、主从DNS都可将www.study.com域名解析为192.168.200.113

6主域名服务器要同时担任缓存域名服务器功能

 

[root@ns1 ~]# yum -y install bind           //yum安装bind软件包

[root@ns1 ~]# vim /etc/named.conf         //修改配置主配置文件

options {

listen-on port 53 { 192.168.50.112; };

directory "/var/named";

dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";

statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";

memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";

allow-query     { any; };

 

recursion yes;

};

 

zone "." IN {

type hint;

file "named.ca";

};

 

zone "study.com" IN {

type master;

file "yxh.zheng";

allow-transfer { 192.168.50.111; };

};

zone "50.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {

type master;

file "yxh.fan"

allow-transfer { 192.168.50.111; };

};

[root@ns1 ~]# vim /var/named/yxh.zheng   #配置区域配置文件

$TTL    1D

@       IN      SOA     study.com.      admin.study.com. (

        20190819

        3H

        15M

        1W

        1D

)

        IN      NS      ns1.study.com.

        IN      NS      ns2.study.com.

        IN      MX 10   mail.study.com.

ns1     IN      A       192.168.50.112

ns2     IN      A       192.168.50.111

www     IN      A       192.168.50.112

[root@ns1 ~]# vim /var/named/yxh.fan             #配置反向解析配置文件

$TTL    1D

@       IN      SOA     study.com.      admin.yuan.com. (

        20190819

        3H

        15M

        1W

        1D

)

        IN      NS      ns1.study.com.

        IN      NS      ns2.study.com.

        IN      MX 10   mail.yuan.com.

112     IN      PTR     www.study.com.

112     IN      PTR     ns1.study.com.

111     IN      PTR     ns2.study.com.

从服务器:

[root@na2 ~]# vim /etc/named.conf       #配置从服务器的主配置文件

options {

        directory       "/var/named";

};

 

zone "study.com" IN {

        type slave;

        file "slaves/yxh.zheng";

        masters { 192.168.50.112; };

};

 

zone "50.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {

        type slave;

        file "slaves/yxh.fan";

        masters { 192.168.50.112; };

};

 

7客户机可通过浏览器访问www.study.com得到WEB服务器相应内容                             //通过客户机测试

 

 

8N客户机通过nslookup域名测试工具可解析到www.jd.com等网站的域名解析结果                          //客户机测试查看

 

 

 

 

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