DNS解析综合学习案例

Posted 2022-08-10 wanghs8

 

创建RAID5

首先添加四块磁盘bcde，我这里是每块容量20G，第四块备用

使用fdisk为每块磁盘分一个主分区。容量为20G

fdisk -l|grep "/dev/sd"

分完区之后开始创建RAID5命名为md5

mdadm -Cv /dev/md5 -l5 -n3 -x1 /dev/sd[bcde]1

手动创建RAID配置文件  /etc/mdadm.conf

mdadm -D -s > /etc/mdadm.conf

vim /etc/mdadm.conf

ARRAY /dev/md5 metadata=1.2 spares=2 name=localhost.localdomain:5 UUID=01d880fd:4716cca7:7072e584:e3c07be2 auto=yes

保存退出

 

创建物理卷、卷组、逻辑卷

转换成PV

[root@localhost ~]#pvcreate /dev/md5

  Physical volume "/dev/md5" successfully created.

转换成VG

[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate -s 8 myvg /dev/md5

  Volume group "myvg" successfully created

转换成LV

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 10G -n mylv myvg

  Logical volume "mylv" created.

 

格式化为xfs系统

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/myvg/mylv

meta-data=/dev/myvg/mylv         isize=512    agcount=16, agsize=163712 blks

         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1

         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0

data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=2619392, imaxpct=25

         =                       sunit=128    swidth=256 blks

naming   =version 2               bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1

log      =internal log              bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2

         =                        sectsz=512   sunit=8 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none                     extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

安装Apache Web服务

使用xftp工具上传软件包释放到//src/目录

释放到/usr/src/

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf httpd-2.2.17.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

预配置

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.17]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache

……….

config.status: creating support/log_server_status

config.status: creating support/logresolve.pl

config.status: creating support/phf_abuse_log.cgi

config.status: creating support/split-logfile

config.status: creating build/rules.mk

config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo

config.status: creating build/config_vars.sh

config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h

config.status: executing default commands

 

编译

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.17]#make

………………..

.la modules/http/libmod_mime.la modules/generators/libmod_status.la modules/generators/libmod_autoindex.la modules/generators/libmod_asis.la modules/generators/libmod_cgi.la modules/mappers/libmod_negotiation.la modules/mappers/libmod_dir.la modules/mappers/libmod_actions.la modules/mappers/libmod_userdir.la modules/mappers/libmod_alias.la modules/mappers/libmod_so.la server/mpm/prefork/libprefork.la os/unix/libos.la -lm /usr/src/httpd-2.2.17/srclib/pcre/libpcre.la /usr/src/httpd-2.2.17/srclib/apr-util/libaprutil-1.la /usr/src/httpd-2.2.17/srclib/apr-util/xml/expat/libexpat.la /usr/src/httpd-2.2.17/srclib/apr/libapr-1.la -lrt -lcrypt -lpthread -ldl

make[1]: 离开目录“/usr/src/httpd-2.2.17”

 

安装

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.17]# make install

………….

mkdir /usr/local/apache/cgi-bin

Installing header files

Installing build system files

Installing man pages and online manual

mkdir /usr/local/apache/man

mkdir /usr/local/apache/man/man1

mkdir /usr/local/apache/man/man8

mkdir /usr/local/apache/manual

make[1]: 离开目录“/usr/src/httpd-2.2.17”

 

备份后修改配置文件

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.17]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/

[root@localhost conf]# cp httpd.conf httpd.conf.bak

………

# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify

# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.

#

# If your host doesn‘t have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.

#

ServerName www.example.com:80

 

#

# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your

# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but

# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.

打开80

保存退出

启动Apache

[root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start

运行lynx 127.0.0.1 测试  #如没有lynx命令需安装

 

1、用户需把/dev/myvg/mylv逻辑卷以支持磁盘配额的方式挂载到网页目录下

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/myvg/mylv /usr/local/apache/htdocs/

[root@localhost ~]# mount -o remount,usrquota,grpquota /usr/local/apache/htdocs/

2、在网页目录下创建测试文件index.html，内容为用户名称，通过浏览器访问测试

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/apache/htdocs/index.html

       whs

3、创建用户账户，对LVM配置磁盘配额限制用户磁盘容量为软限制80M；硬限制100M、文件数量软限制为80个；硬限制为100个

[root@ localhost ~]# useradd whs

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab

/dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 0 0

UUID=a220eccb-2c0f-485d-bca4-f3659f3326e8 /boot xfs defaults 0

0

/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0

 

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv         /usr/local/apache/htdocs          xfs     defaults,usrquota       0       0

[root@ localhost ~]# umount /usr/local/apache/htdocs

[root@ localhost ~]#mount-a

[root@ localhost ~]#mount|grep/usr/local/apache/htdocs

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv on /usr/local/apache/htdocs type xfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,attr2,inode64,sunit=1024,swidth=2048,usrquota)

 

[root@ localhost ~]# quotacheck -avug

[root@ localhost ~]# quotaon -avug

[root@localhost ~]# setquota -u whs 80000  100000  80  100  /usr/local/apache/htdocs　　　　　　　　　　　　

 

[root@ localhost ~]# quota -uvs whs

Disk quotas for user whs (uid 8905):

     Filesystem   space      quota       limit           grace    files    quota     limit        grace

/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv

                          0K        80000K    100000K                   0         80      100

 

4、构建主从DNS域名解析环境

配置本地yum源

主服务器

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install bind

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/resolv.conf

# Generated by NetworkManager

nameserver 192.168.10.11

nameserver 192.168.10.12

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

192.168.10.11     ns1.whs.com

192.168.10.12     ns2.whs.com

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/named.conf

options

       directory     "/var/named";

;

 

zone "whs.com" IN

       type master;

       file "whs.zheng";

       allow-transfer 192.168.10.12; ;

;

 

zone "10.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN

       type master;

       file "whs.fan";

       allow-transfer 192.168.10.12; ;

;

[root@localhost ~]# cat /var/named/crushlinux.zheng

$TTL 86400

@   IN   SOA       whs.com.     admin.whs.com. (

              12345

              3H

              15M

              1W

              1D

)

       IN   NS  ns1.crushlinux.com.

       IN   NS  ns2.crushlinux.com.

ns1 IN   A     192.168.10.11

ns2 IN   A     192.168.10.12

www      IN   A     192.168.10.100

[root@localhost ~]# cat /var/named/crushlinux.fan

$TTL 86400

@   IN   SOA       whs.com.     admin.whs.com. (

              20190817

              3H

              15M

              1W

              1D

)

       IN   NS  ns1.whs.com.

       IN   NS  ns2.whs.com.

11   IN   PTR ns1.whs.com.

12   IN   PTR ns2.whs.com.

100 IN   PTR www.whs.com.

保存退出

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart named

从服务器

同样配置yum本地仓库

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install bind

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf

# Generated by NetworkManager

nameserver 192.168.10.11

nameserver 192.168.10.12

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/named.conf

options

       directory     "/var/named";

;

 

zone "whs.com" IN

       type slave;

       file "slaves/whs.zheng";

       masters 192.168.10.11; ;

;

zone "10.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN

       type slave;

       file "slaves/whs.fan";

       masters 192.168.10.11; ;

;

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart named

 

主从DNS都可将www.whs.com域名解析为192.168.200.113