Python 人脸表情识别

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环境搭建可查看Python人脸识别微笑检测


数据集可在https://inc.ucsd.edu/mplab/wordpress/index.html%3Fp=398.html获取

数据如下:


一、图片预处理


import dlib         # 人脸识别的库dlib
import numpy as np  # 数据处理的库numpy
import cv2          # 图像处理的库OpenCv
import os
 
# dlib预测器
detector = dlib.get_frontal_face_detector()
predictor = dlib.shape_predictor('shape_predictor_68_face_landmarks.dat')
 
# 读取图像的路径
path_read = ".\\ImageFiles\\\\files"
num=0
for file_name in os.listdir(path_read):
	#aa是图片的全路径
    aa=(path_read +"/"+file_name)
    #读入的图片的路径中含非英文
    img=cv2.imdecode(np.fromfile(aa, dtype=np.uint8), cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED)
    #获取图片的宽高
    img_shape=img.shape
    img_height=img_shape[0]
    img_width=img_shape[1]
   
    # 用来存储生成的单张人脸的路径
    path_save=".\\ImageFiles\\\\files1" 
    # dlib检测
    dets = detector(img,1)
    print("人脸数:", len(dets))
    for k, d in enumerate(dets):
        if len(dets)>1:
            continue
        num=num+1
        # 计算矩形大小
        # (x,y), (宽度width, 高度height)
        pos_start = tuple([d.left(), d.top()])
        pos_end = tuple([d.right(), d.bottom()])
 
        # 计算矩形框大小
        height = d.bottom()-d.top()
        width = d.right()-d.left()
 
        # 根据人脸大小生成空的图像
        img_blank = np.zeros((height, width, 3), np.uint8)
        for i in range(height):
            if d.top()+i>=img_height:# 防止越界
                continue
            for j in range(width):
                if d.left()+j>=img_width:# 防止越界
                    continue
                img_blank[i][j] = img[d.top()+i][d.left()+j]
        img_blank = cv2.resize(img_blank, (200, 200), interpolation=cv2.INTER_CUBIC)

        cv2.imencode('.jpg', img_blank)[1].tofile(path_save+"\\\\"+"file"+str(num)+".jpg") # 正确方法

运行结果:



二、数据集划分

import os, shutil
# 原始数据集路径
original_dataset_dir = '.\\ImageFiles\\\\files1'

# 新的数据集
base_dir = '.\\ImageFiles\\\\files2'
os.mkdir(base_dir)

# 训练图像、验证图像、测试图像的目录
train_dir = os.path.join(base_dir, 'train')
os.mkdir(train_dir)
validation_dir = os.path.join(base_dir, 'validation')
os.mkdir(validation_dir)
test_dir = os.path.join(base_dir, 'test')
os.mkdir(test_dir)

train_cats_dir = os.path.join(train_dir, 'smile')
os.mkdir(train_cats_dir)

train_dogs_dir = os.path.join(train_dir, 'unsmile')
os.mkdir(train_dogs_dir)

validation_cats_dir = os.path.join(validation_dir, 'smile')
os.mkdir(validation_cats_dir)

validation_dogs_dir = os.path.join(validation_dir, 'unsmile')
os.mkdir(validation_dogs_dir)

test_cats_dir = os.path.join(test_dir, 'smile')
os.mkdir(test_cats_dir)

test_dogs_dir = os.path.join(test_dir, 'unsmile')
os.mkdir(test_dogs_dir)

# 复制1000张笑脸图片到train_c_dir
fnames = ['file.jpg'.format(i) for i in range(1,900)]
for fname in fnames:
    src = os.path.join(original_dataset_dir, fname)
    dst = os.path.join(train_cats_dir, fname)
    shutil.copyfile(src, dst)

fnames = ['file.jpg'.format(i) for i in range(900, 1350)]
for fname in fnames:
    src = os.path.join(original_dataset_dir, fname)
    dst = os.path.join(validation_cats_dir, fname)
    shutil.copyfile(src, dst)
    
# Copy next 500 cat images to test_cats_dir
fnames = ['file.jpg'.format(i) for i in range(1350, 1800)]
for fname in fnames:
    src = os.path.join(original_dataset_dir, fname)
    dst = os.path.join(test_cats_dir, fname)
    shutil.copyfile(src, dst)
    
fnames = ['file.jpg'.format(i) for i in range(2127,3000)]
for fname in fnames:
    src = os.path.join(original_dataset_dir, fname)
    dst = os.path.join(train_dogs_dir, fname)
    shutil.copyfile(src, dst)
    
# Copy next 500 dog images to validation_dogs_dir
fnames = ['file.jpg'.format(i) for i in range(3000,3304)]
for fname in fnames:
    src = os.path.join(original_dataset_dir, fname)
    dst = os.path.join(validation_dogs_dir, fname)
    shutil.copyfile(src, dst)
    
# # Copy next 500 dog images to test_dogs_dir
# fnames = ['file.jpg'.format(i) for i in range(3000,3878)]
# for fname in fnames:
#     src = os.path.join(original_dataset_dir, fname)
#     dst = os.path.join(test_dogs_dir, fname)
#     shutil.copyfile(src, dst)

运行结果:



三、识别笑脸


  • 模式构建:
#创建模型
from keras import layers
from keras import models
model = models.Sequential()
model.add(layers.Conv2D(32, (3, 3), activation='relu',input_shape=(150, 150, 3)))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(64, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(128, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(128, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Flatten())
model.add(layers.Dense(512, activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.Dense(1, activation='sigmoid'))
model.summary()#查看


  • 进行归一化
#归一化
from keras import optimizers
model.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy',
              optimizer=optimizers.RMSprop(lr=1e-4),
              metrics=['acc'])
from keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator
train_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1./255)
validation_datagen=ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1./255)
test_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1./255)
train_generator = train_datagen.flow_from_directory(
        # 目标文件目录
        train_dir,
        #所有图片的size必须是150x150
        target_size=(150, 150),
        batch_size=20,
        # Since we use binary_crossentropy loss, we need binary labels
        class_mode='binary')
validation_generator = test_datagen.flow_from_directory(
        validation_dir,
        target_size=(150, 150),
        batch_size=20,
        class_mode='binary')
test_generator = test_datagen.flow_from_directory(test_dir,
                                                   target_size=(150, 150),
                                                   batch_size=20,
                                                   class_mode='binary')
for data_batch, labels_batch in train_generator:
    print('data batch shape:', data_batch.shape)
    print('labels batch shape:', labels_batch)
    break
#'smile': 0, 'unsmile': 1


  • 增强数据
#数据增强
datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
      rotation_range=40,
      width_shift_range=0.2,
      height_shift_range=0.2,
      shear_range=0.2,
      zoom_range=0.2,
      horizontal_flip=True,
      fill_mode='nearest')
#数据增强后图片变化
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# This is module with image preprocessing utilities
from keras.preprocessing import image
train_smile_dir = './ImageFiles//files2//train//smile/'
fnames = [os.path.join(train_smile_dir, fname) for fname in os.listdir(train_smile_dir)]
img_path = fnames[3]
img = image.load_img(img_path, target_size=(150, 150))
x = image.img_to_array(img)
x = x.reshape((1,) + x.shape)
i = 0
for batch in datagen.flow(x, batch_size=1):
    plt.figure(i)
    imgplot = plt.imshow(image.array_to_img(batch[0]))
    i += 1
    if i % 4 == 0:
        break
plt.show()



  • 创建网络:
#创建网络
model = models.Sequential()
model.add(layers.Conv2D(32, (3, 3), activation='relu',input_shape=(150, 150, 3)))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(64, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(128, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(128, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Flatten())
model.add(layers.Dropout(0.5))
model.add(layers.Dense(512, activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.Dense(1, activation='sigmoid'))
model.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy',
              optimizer=optimizers.RMSprop(lr=1e-4),
              metrics=['acc'])
#归一化处理
train_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
    rescale=1./255,
    rotation_range=40,
    width_shift_range=0.2,
    height_shift_range=0.2,
    shear_range=0.2,
    zoom_range=0.2,
    horizontal_flip=True,)

test_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1./255)

train_generator = train_datagen.flow_from_directory(
        # This is the target directory
        train_dir,
        # All images will be resized to 150x150
        target_size=(150, 150),
        batch_size=32,
        # Since we use binary_crossentropy loss, we need binary labels
        class_mode='binary')

validation_generator = test_datagen.flow_from_directory(
        validation_dir,
        target_size=(150, 150),
        batch_size=32,
        class_mode='binary')

history = model.fit_generator(
      train_generator,
      steps_per_epoch=100,
      epochs=60,  
      validation_data=validation_generator,
      validation_steps=50)
model.save('smileAndUnsmile1.h5')

#数据增强过后的训练集与验证集的精确度与损失度的图形
acc = history.history['acc']
val_acc = history.history['val_acc']
loss = history.history['loss']
val_loss = history.history['val_loss']

epochs = range(len(acc))

plt.plot(epochs, acc, 'bo', label='Training acc')
plt.plot(epochs, val_acc, 'b', label='Validation acc')
plt.title('Training and validation accuracy')
plt.legend()
plt.figure()

plt.plot(epochs, loss, 'bo', label='Training loss')
plt.plot(epochs, val_loss, 'b', label='Validation loss')
plt.title('Training and validation loss')
plt.legend()
plt.show()


  • 单张图片测试:
# 单张图片进行判断  是笑脸还是非笑脸
import cv2
from keras.preprocessing import image
from keras.models import load_model
import numpy as np
#加载模型
model = load_model('smileAndUnsmile1.h5')
#本地图片路径
img_path='test.jpg'
img = image.load_img(img_path, target_size=(150, 150))

img_tensor = image.img_to_array(img)/255.0
img_tensor = np.expand_dims(img_tensor, axis=0)
prediction =model.predict(img_tensor)  
print(prediction)
if prediction[0][0]>0.5:
    result='非笑脸'
else:
    result='笑脸'
print(result)


  • 摄像头测试:
#检测视频或者摄像头中的人脸

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