嵌入式开发(S5PV210)——u-boot的顶层config.mk分析
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1、config.mk的作用
config.mk的作用是配置uboot编译的，比如配置交叉编译工具链，链接地址，编译选项，指定头文件路径等，但是config.mk的配置是建立在顶层mkconfig、主Makefile等配置之上的。
2、config.mk的调用
# load other configuration
include $(TOPDIR)/config.mk
config.mk是被主Makefile调用.
3、congfig.mk的分析：
3.1、autoconf.mk文件
#在 主Makefile 中生成
$(obj)include/autoconf.mk: $(obj)include/config.h
@$(XECHO) Generating $@ ; \\
set -e ; \\
: Extract the config macros ; \\
$(CPP) $(CFLAGS) -DDO_DEPS_ONLY -dM include/common.h | \\
sed -n -f tools/scripts/define2mk.sed > $@
#在顶层mkconfig中生成 $(obj)include/config.h文件
#
# Create board specific header file
#
if [ "$APPEND" = "yes" ] # Append to existing config file
then
echo >> config.h
else
> config.h # Create new config file
fi
echo "/* Automatically generated - do not edit */" >>config.h
echo "#include <configs/$1.h>" >>config.h
#在config.mk文件中引用autoconf.mk
# Load generated board configuration
sinclude $(OBJTREE)/include/autoconf.mk
作用就是用来指导整个uboot的编译过程。这个文件的内容其实就是很多CONFIG_开头的宏（可以理解为变量），这些宏/变量会影响我们uboot编译过程的走向（原理就是条件编译）。在uboot代码中有很多地方使用条件编译进行编写，这个条件编译是用来实现可移植性的。
autoconfig.mk文件不是源码提供的，是配置过程中在主Makefile中生成的,依赖 $(obj)include/config.h，而 $(obj)include/config.h也不是源码提供的，是在顶层mkconfig中生成的，原材料在源码目录的inlcude/configs/xxx.h头文件。（X210开发板中为include/configs/x210_sd.h）。这个头文件里面全都是宏定义，这些宏定义就是我们对当前开发板的移植。每一个开发板的移植都对应这个目录下的一个头文件，这个头文件里每一个宏定义都很重要，这些配置的宏定义就是我们移植uboot的关键所在。
3.2、链接地址：TEXT_BASE
#主Makefile中
x210_sd_config : unconfig
@$(MKCONFIG) $(@:_config=) arm s5pc11x x210 samsung s5pc110
@echo "TEXT_BASE = 0xc3e00000" > $(obj)board/samsung/x210/config.mk
#在config.mk中,包含board/samsung/x210/config.mk
ifdef VENDOR
BOARDDIR = $(VENDOR)/$(BOARD)
else
BOARDDIR = $(BOARD)
endif
ifdef BOARD
sinclude $(TOPDIR)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/config.mk # include board specific rules
endif
ifneq ($(TEXT_BASE),)
CPPFLAGS += -DTEXT_BASE=$(TEXT_BASE)
endif
LDFLAGS += -Bstatic -T $(LDSCRIPT) $(PLATFORM_LDFLAGS)
ifneq ($(TEXT_BASE),)
LDFLAGS += -Ttext $(TEXT_BASE)
endif
#导出到环境变量
export TEXT_BASE PLATFORM_CPPFLAGS PLATFORM_RELFLAGS CPPFLAGS CFLAGS AFLAGS
TEXT_BASE变量保存的是链接地址，在主Makefile中配置的时候写到$(obj)board/samsung/x210/config.mk文件里，在config.mk中包含board/samsung/x210/config.mk，引入TEXT_BASE变量。
LDFLAGS += -Ttext $(TEXT_BASE)就是在链接的时候指定链接地址。
3.3、链接脚本
ifeq ($(CONFIG_NAND_U_BOOT),y)
LDSCRIPT := $(TOPDIR)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/u-boot-nand.lds
else
LDSCRIPT := $(TOPDIR)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/u-boot.lds
endif
通过宏定义来决定此次编译选择哪一份链接脚本，上面就是通过条件编译来选择要使用的编译脚本。
4、config.mk的内容
#
# (C) Copyright 2000-2006
# Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd@denx.de.
#
# See file CREDITS for list of people who contributed to this
# project.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
# published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
# the License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
# MA 02111-1307 USA
#
#########################################################################
#这部分是不同的编译方式：原地编译和指定目录编译
ifneq ($(OBJTREE),$(SRCTREE))
ifeq ($(CURDIR),$(SRCTREE))
dir :=
else
dir := $(subst $(SRCTREE)/,,$(CURDIR))
endif
obj := $(if $(dir),$(OBJTREE)/$(dir)/,$(OBJTREE)/)
src := $(if $(dir),$(SRCTREE)/$(dir)/,$(SRCTREE)/)
$(shell mkdir -p $(obj))
else
obj :=
src :=
endif
# clean the slate ...
PLATFORM_RELFLAGS =
PLATFORM_CPPFLAGS =
PLATFORM_LDFLAGS =
#
# When cross-compiling on NetBSD, we have to define __PPC__ or else we
# will pick up a va_list declaration that is incompatible with the
# actual argument lists emitted by the compiler.
#
# [Tested on NetBSD/i386 1.5 + cross-powerpc-netbsd-1.3]
ifeq ($(ARCH),ppc)
ifeq ($(CROSS_COMPILE),powerpc-netbsd-)
PLATFORM_CPPFLAGS+= -D__PPC__
endif
ifeq ($(CROSS_COMPILE),powerpc-openbsd-)
PLATFORM_CPPFLAGS+= -D__PPC__
endif
endif
ifeq ($(ARCH),arm)
ifeq ($(CROSS_COMPILE),powerpc-netbsd-)
PLATFORM_CPPFLAGS+= -D__ARM__
endif
ifeq ($(CROSS_COMPILE),powerpc-openbsd-)
PLATFORM_CPPFLAGS+= -D__ARM__
endif
endif
#########################################################################
CONFIG_SHELL := $(shell if [ -x "$$BASH" ]; then echo $$BASH; \\
else if [ -x /bin/bash ]; then echo /bin/bash; \\
else echo sh; fi ; fi)
ifeq ($(HOSTOS)-$(HOSTARCH),darwin-ppc)
HOSTCC = cc
else
HOSTCC = gcc
endif
HOSTCFLAGS = -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer
HOSTSTRIP = strip
#########################################################################
#
# Option checker (courtesy linux kernel) to ensure
# only supported compiler options are used
#
cc-option = $(shell if $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(1) -S -o /dev/null -xc /dev/null \\
> /dev/null 2>&1; then echo "$(1)"; else echo "$(2)"; fi ;)
#
# Include the make variables (CC, etc...) 交叉编译工具链
#
AS = $(CROSS_COMPILE)as
LD = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld
CC = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc
CPP = $(CC) -E
AR = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ar
NM = $(CROSS_COMPILE)nm
LDR = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ldr
STRIP = $(CROSS_COMPILE)strip
OBJCOPY = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objcopy
OBJDUMP = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objdump
RANLIB = $(CROSS_COMPILE)RANLIB
#########################################################################
# Load generated board configuration
sinclude $(OBJTREE)/include/autoconf.mk
ifdef ARCH
sinclude $(TOPDIR)/$(ARCH)_config.mk # include architecture dependend rules
endif
ifdef CPU
sinclude $(TOPDIR)/cpu/$(CPU)/config.mk # include CPU specific rules
endif
ifdef SOC
sinclude $(TOPDIR)/cpu/$(CPU)/$(SOC)/config.mk # include SoC specific rules
endif
ifdef VENDOR
BOARDDIR = $(VENDOR)/$(BOARD)
else
BOARDDIR = $(BOARD)
endif
ifdef BOARD
sinclude $(TOPDIR)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/config.mk # include board specific rules
endif
#########################################################################
ifneq (,$(findstring s,$(MAKEFLAGS)))
ARFLAGS = cr
else
ARFLAGS = crv
endif
RELFLAGS= $(PLATFORM_RELFLAGS)
DBGFLAGS= -g # -DDEBUG
OPTFLAGS= -Os #-fomit-frame-pointer
ifndef LDSCRIPT
#LDSCRIPT := $(TOPDIR)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/u-boot.lds.debug
ifeq ($(CONFIG_NAND_U_BOOT),y)
LDSCRIPT := $(TOPDIR)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/u-boot-nand.lds
else
LDSCRIPT := $(TOPDIR)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/u-boot.lds
endif
endif
OBJCFLAGS += --gap-fill=0xff
gccincdir := $(shell $(CC) -print-file-name=include)
CPPFLAGS := $(DBGFLAGS) $(OPTFLAGS) $(RELFLAGS) \\
-D__KERNEL__
ifneq ($(TEXT_BASE),)
CPPFLAGS += -DTEXT_BASE=$(TEXT_BASE)
endif
ifneq ($(OBJTREE),$(SRCTREE))
CPPFLAGS += -I$(OBJTREE)/include2 -I$(OBJTREE)/include
endif
CPPFLAGS += -I$(TOPDIR)/include
CPPFLAGS += -fno-builtin -ffreestanding -nostdinc \\
-isystem $(gccincdir) -pipe $(PLATFORM_CPPFLAGS)
ifdef BUILD_TAG
CFLAGS := $(CPPFLAGS) -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes \\
-DBUILD_TAG='"$(BUILD_TAG)"'
else
CFLAGS := $(CPPFLAGS) -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes
endif
CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-fno-stack-protector)
# avoid trigraph warnings while parsing pci.h (produced by Nios gcc-2.9)
# this option have to be placed behind -Wall -- that's why it is here
ifeq ($(ARCH),nios)
ifeq ($(findstring 2.9,$(shell $(CC) --version)),2.9)
CFLAGS := $(CPPFLAGS) -Wall -Wno-trigraphs
endif
endif
# $(CPPFLAGS) sets -g, which causes gcc to pass a suitable -g<format>
# option to the assembler.
AFLAGS_DEBUG :=
# turn jbsr into jsr for m68k
ifeq ($(ARCH),m68k)
ifeq ($(findstring 3.4,$(shell $(CC) --version)),3.4)
AFLAGS_DEBUG := -Wa,-gstabs,-S
endif
endif
AFLAGS := $(AFLAGS_DEBUG) -D__ASSEMBLY__ $(CPPFLAGS)
LDFLAGS += -Bstatic -T $(LDSCRIPT) $(PLATFORM_LDFLAGS)
ifneq ($(TEXT_BASE),)
LDFLAGS += -Ttext $(TEXT_BASE)
endif
# Location of a usable BFD library, where we define "usable" as
# "built for ${HOST}, supports ${TARGET}". Sensible values are
# - When cross-compiling: the root of the cross-environment
# - Linux/ppc (native): /usr
# - NetBSD/ppc (native): you lose ... (must extract these from the
# binutils build directory, plus the native and U-Boot include
# files don't like each other)
#
# So far, this is used only by tools/gdb/Makefile.
ifeq ($(HOSTOS)-$(HOSTARCH),darwin-ppc)
BFD_ROOT_DIR = /usr/local/tools
else
ifeq ($(HOSTARCH),$(ARCH))
# native
BFD_ROOT_DIR = /usr
else
#BFD_ROOT_DIR = /LinuxPPC/CDK # Linux/i386
#BFD_ROOT_DIR = /usr/pkg/cross # NetBSD/i386
BFD_ROOT_DIR = /opt/powerpc
endif
endif
ifeq ($(PCI_CLOCK),PCI_66M)
CFLAGS := $(CFLAGS) -DPCI_66M
endif
#########################################################################
export CONFIG_SHELL HPATH HOSTCC HOSTCFLAGS CROSS_COMPILE \\
AS LD CC CPP AR NM STRIP OBJCOPY OBJDUMP \\
MAKE
export TEXT_BASE PLATFORM_CPPFLAGS PLATFORM_RELFLAGS CPPFLAGS CFLAGS AFLAGS
#########################################################################
ifndef REMOTE_BUILD
%.s: %.S
$(CPP) $(AFLAGS) -o $@ $<
%.o: %.S
$(CC) $(AFLAGS) -c -o $@ $<
%.o: %.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c -o $@ $<
else
$(obj)%.s: %.S
$(CPP) $(AFLAGS) -o $@ $<
$(obj)%.o: %.S
$(CC) $(AFLAGS) -c -o $@ $<
$(obj)%.o: %.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c -o $@ $<
endif
#########################################################################
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