鏁板锛岀涓€涓▼搴忓憳鏈夊杩戯紵

Posted 2021-08-21 灏忓倕鍝?,

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鏁板绂荤▼搴忓憳鏈夊杩戯紵

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• 绯荤粺鏋舵瀯锛氭弿杩扮殑鏄笁灞侻VC锛岃繕鏄洓灞侱DD銆傛垜瀵硅繖涓殑鐞嗚В灏辨槸瀹堕噷鐨勪笁灞呰繕鏄洓灞€鏍煎眬锛孧VC鏄垜浠粡甯哥敤鐨勫ぇ瀹堕兘鐔熸倝锛孌DD鏃犻潪灏辨槸瀹堕噷澶氫簡涓功鎴匡紝鎶婂悇鑷睘浜庡摢涓€涓眿瀛愮殑鎽嗕欢瑙勬暣鍒板悇鑷眿瀛愰噷銆?em>閭ｄ箞涔辨斁鏄粈涔堟晥鏋滃憿锛屽氨鏄嚜鍔ㄦ礂灞佸眮椹《馃毥缁欐寜鍒板帹鎴夸簡锛屽啀璐典篃鏍兼瀛愶紒 濂斤紝閭ｄ箞鎴戜滑鍦ㄥ欢灞曚笅锛屽鏋滀綘鐨勫崼鐢熼棿娌℃湁娴佸嚭涓嬫按閬撳拫鍔烇紵鏄笉杩欎釜鍦版柟鐨勬暟鎹粨鏋勫氨鏄璁＄己澶辩殑锛岃€屽埌鍚庨潰鍐嶆兂鎵╁睍灏遍毦浜嗗惂锛?/li>

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涓夈€乫or寰幆娌＄畻娉曞揩

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1. for 寰幆瀹炵幇

long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
int count = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= 10000000; i++) {
    String str = String.valueOf(i);
    for (int j = 0; j < str.length(); j++) {
        if (str.charAt(j) == 49) {
            count++;
        }
    }
}
System.out.println("1鐨勪釜鏁帮細" + count);
System.out.println("璁＄畻鑰楁椂锛? + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + "姣");

浣跨敤 for 寰幆鐨勫疄鐜拌繃绋嬪緢濂界悊瑙ｏ紝灏辨槸寰€姝讳簡寰幆銆備箣鍚庢妸寰幆鍒扮殑鏁板瓧鎸夌収瀛楃涓叉媶瑙ｏ紝鍒ゆ柇姣忎竴浣嶆槸涓嶆槸鏁板瓧锛屾槸灏?1銆傝繖涓繃绋嬪緢绠€鍗曪紝浣嗘槸鏃堕棿澶嶆潅寰堥珮銆?/p>

2. 绠楁硶閫昏緫瀹炵幇

濡傚浘 20-3 鎵€绀猴紝鍏跺疄鎴戜滑鑳藉彂鐜拌繖涓?鐨勪釜鏁板湪100銆?000銆?0000涓槸鏈夎鍒欑殑寰幆鍑虹幇鐨勩€?1銆?2銆?3銆?4鎴栬€?1銆?1銆?1銆?1锛屼互鍙婂崟涓殑1鍑虹幇銆傛渶缁堝彲浠ュ緱鍑洪€氱敤鍏紡锛?code>abcd...=(abc+1)*1+(ab+1)*10+(a+1)*100+(1)*1000...锛宎bcd浠ｈ〃浣嶆暟銆傚彟澶栧湪瀹炵幇鐨勮繃绋嬭繕闇€瑕佽€冭檻姣斿涓嶈冻100绛夋儏鍐碉紝渚嬪98銆?232绛夈€?/p>

瀹炵幇杩囩▼

long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
int num = 10000000, saveNum = 1, countNum = 0, lastNum = 0;
int copyNum = num;
while (num != 0) {
    lastNum = num % 10;
    num /= 10;
    if (lastNum == 0) {
        // 濡傛灉鏄?閭ｄ箞姝ｅソ鏄皯浜嗕竴娆℃墍浠um涓嶅姞1浜?        countNum += num * saveNum;
    } else if (lastNum == 1) {
        // 濡傛灉鏄?璇存槑褰撳墠鏁板唴灏戜簡涓€娆℃墍浠um涓嶅姞1锛岃€屼笖褰撳墠1鎵€鍦ㄤ綅缃?        // 鏈?鐨勪釜鏁帮紝灏辨槸鍘婚櫎褰撳墠1鏈€楂樹綅锛屽墿涓嬩綅鏁帮紝鐨勪釜鏁般€?        countNum += num * saveNum + copyNum % saveNum + 1;
    } else {
        // 濡傛灉闈?闈?.鐩存帴鐢ㄥ叕寮忚绠?        // abcd...=(abc+1)*1+(ab+1)*10+(a+1)*100+(1)*1000...
        countNum += (num + 1) * saveNum;
    }
    saveNum *= 10;
}
System.out.println("1鐨勪釜鏁帮細" + countNum);
System.out.println("璁＄畻鑰楁椂锛? + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + "姣");

鍦ㄣ€婄紪绋嬩箣缇庛€嬩竴涔︿腑杩樹笉鍙繖涓€绉嶇畻娉曪紝鎰熷叴瓒ｇ殑灏忎紮浼村彲浠ユ煡闃呫€?em>浣嗚嚜宸辨姌鑵惧疄鐜板悗鐨勫叴濂嬫劅鏇村己鍝︼紒

3. 鑰楁椂鏇茬嚎瀵规瘮

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閭ｄ箞锛屼綘鐨勪唬鐮佷腑鏄惁涔熸湁绫讳技鐨勫湴鏂广€傚鏋滀娇鐢ㄧ畻娉曢€昏緫閰嶅悎閫傚悎鐨勬暟鎹粨鏋勶紝鏄惁鍙互鏇夸唬涓€浜沠or寰幆鐨勮绠楁柟寮忥紝鏉ヤ娇鏁翠釜瀹炵幇杩囩▼鐨勬椂闂村鏉傚害闄嶄綆銆?/p>

鍥涖€丣ava涓殑绠楁硶杩愮敤

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鎺ヤ笅鏉ュ皬鍌呭摜灏辩粰浣犱粙缁嶅嚑涓殣钘忓湪鎴戜滑浠ｇ爜涓殑鏁板鐭ヨ瘑銆?/p>

1. HashMap鐨勬壈鍔ㄥ嚱鏁?/h3>

鏈娇鐢ㄦ壈鍔ㄥ嚱鏁?/strong>

宸蹭娇鐢ㄦ壈鍔ㄥ嚱鏁?/strong>

鎵板姩鍑芥暟鍏紡

static final int hash(Object key) {
    int h;
    return (key == null) ? 0 : (h = key.hashCode()) ^ (h >>> 16);
}

• 鎻忚堪锛氫互涓婅繖娈典唬鐮佹槸HashMap涓敤浜庤幏鍙杊ash鍊肩殑鎵板姩鍑芥暟瀹炵幇浠ｇ爜銆?em>HashMap閫氳繃鍝堝笇鍊间笌妗跺畾浣嶅潗鏍?/em> 閭ｄ箞鐩存帴鑾峰彇鍝堝笇鍊煎氨濂戒簡锛岃繖閲屼负浠€涔堣鍋氫竴娆℃壈鍔ㄥ憿锛?/li>
• 浣滅敤锛氫负浜嗚瘉鏄庢壈鍔ㄥ嚱鏁扮殑浣滅敤锛岃繖閲岄€夊彇浜?0涓囧崟璇嶈绠楀搱甯屽€煎垎甯冨湪128涓牸瀛愰噷銆備箣鍚庢妸杩?28涓牸瀛愪腑鐨勬暟鎹仛鍥捐〃灞曠ず銆備粠瀹炵幇鏁版嵁鍙互鐪嬪埌锛屽湪浣跨敤鎵板姩鍑芥暟鍚庯紝鏇茬嚎鏇村姞骞崇ǔ浜嗐€傞偅涔堬紝涔熷氨鏄壈鍔ㄥ悗鍝堝笇纰版挒浼氭洿灏忋€?/li>
• 鐢ㄩ€?/strong>锛氬綋浣犳湁闇€瑕佹妸鏁版嵁鏁ｅ垪鍒嗘暎鍒颁笉鍚屾牸瀛愭垨鑰呯┖闂存椂锛屽張涓嶅笇鏈涙湁澶弗閲嶇殑纰版挒锛岄偅涔堜娇鐢ㄦ壈鍔ㄥ嚱鏁板氨闈炲父鏈夊繀瑕佷簡銆傛瘮濡備綘鍋氱殑涓€涓暟鎹簱璺敱锛屽湪鍒嗗簱鍒嗚〃鏃朵篃鏄敖鍙兘鐨勮鍋氬埌鏁ｅ垪鐨勩€?/li>

2. 鏂愭尝閭ｅ锛團ibonacci锛夋暎鍒楁硶

• 鎻忚堪锛氬湪 ThreadLocal 绫讳腑鐨勬暟鎹瓨鏀撅紝浣跨敤鐨勬槸鏂愭尝閭ｅ锛團ibonacci锛夋暎鍒楁硶 + 寮€鏀惧鍧€銆備箣鎵€浠ヤ娇鐢ㄦ枑娉㈤偅濂戞暟鍒楋紝鏄负浜嗚鏁版嵁鏇村姞鏁ｅ垪锛屽噺灏戝搱甯岀鎾炪€傚叿浣撴潵鑷暟瀛﹀叕寮忕殑璁＄畻姹傚€硷紝鍏紡锛?code>f(k) = ((k * 2654435769) >> X) << Y瀵逛簬甯歌鐨?2浣嶆暣鏁拌€岃█锛屼篃灏辨槸 f(k) = (k * 2654435769) >> 28
• 浣滅敤锛氫笌 HashMap 鐩告瘮锛孴hreadLocal鐨勬暟鎹粨鏋勫彧鏈夋暟缁勶紝骞舵病鏈夐摼琛ㄥ拰绾㈤粦鏍戦儴鍒嗐€傝€屼笖缁忚繃鎴戜滑娴嬭瘯楠岃瘉锛屾枑娉㈤偅濂戞暎鍒楃殑鏁堟灉鏇村ソ锛屼篃鏇撮€傚悎 ThreadLocal銆?/li>
• 鐢ㄩ€?/strong>锛氬鏋滀綘鐨勪唬鐮侀€昏緫涓渶瑕佸瓨鍌ㄧ被浼?ThreadLocal 鐨勬暟鎹粨鏋勶紝鍙堜笉鎯虫湁涓ラ噸鍝堝笇纰版挒锛岄偅涔堝氨鍙互浣跨敤 鏂愭尝閭ｅ锛團ibonacci锛夋暎鍒楁硶銆傚叾瀹為櫎姝や箣澶栬繕鏈夛紝闄ゆ硶鏁ｅ垪娉?/code>銆?code>骞虫柟鏁ｅ垪娉?/code>銆?code>闅忔満鏁版硶绛夈€?/li>

3. 姊呮．鏃嬭浆绠楁硶锛圡ersenne twister锛?/h3>

// Initializes mt[N] with a simple integer seed. This method is
// required as part of the Mersenne Twister algorithm but need
// not be made public.
private final void setSeed(int seed) {
    // Annoying runtime check for initialisation of internal data
    // caused by java.util.Random invoking setSeed() during init.
    // This is unavoidable because no fields in our instance will
    // have been initialised at this point, not even if the code
    // were placed at the declaration of the member variable.
    if (mt == null) mt = new int[N];
    // ---- Begin Mersenne Twister Algorithm ----
    mt[0] = seed;
    for (mti = 1; mti < N; mti++) {
        mt[mti] = (MAGIC_FACTOR1 * (mt[mti-1] ^ (mt[mti-1] >>> 30)) + mti);
    }
    // ---- End Mersenne Twister Algorithm ----
}

姊呮．鏃嬭浆绠楁硶锛圡ersenne twister锛夋槸涓€涓吉闅忔満鏁板彂鐢熺畻娉曘€傜敱鏉炬湰鐪熷拰瑗挎潙鎷撳＋鍦?997骞村紑鍙戯紝鍩轰簬鏈夐檺浜岃繘鍒跺瓧娈典笂鐨勭煩闃电嚎鎬ч€掑綊銆傚彲浠ュ揩閫熶骇鐢熼珮璐ㄩ噺鐨勪吉闅忔満鏁帮紝淇浜嗗彜鍏搁殢鏈烘暟鍙戠敓绠楁硶鐨勫緢澶氱己闄枫€?鏈€涓哄箍娉涗娇鐢∕ersenne Twister鐨勪竴绉嶅彉浣撴槸MT19937锛屽彲浠ヤ骇鐢?2浣嶆暣鏁板簭鍒椼€?/blockquote>

• 鎻忚堪锛氭妫棆杞畻娉曞垎涓轰笁涓樁娈碉紝鑾峰緱鍩虹鐨勬妫棆杞摼銆佸浜庢棆杞摼杩涜鏃嬭浆绠楁硶銆佸浜庢棆杞畻娉曟墍寰楃殑缁撴灉杩涜澶勭悊銆?/li>
• 鐢ㄩ€?/strong>锛氭妫棆杞畻娉曟槸R銆丳ython銆丷uby銆両DL銆丗ree Pascal銆丳HP銆丮aple銆丮atlab銆丟NU澶氶噸绮惧害杩愮畻搴撳拰GSL鐨勯粯璁や吉闅忔満鏁颁骇鐢熷櫒銆備粠C++11寮€濮嬶紝C++涔熷彲浠ヤ娇鐢ㄨ繖绉嶇畻娉曘€傚湪Boost C++,Glib鍜孨AG鏁板€煎簱涓紝浣滀负鎻掍欢鎻愪緵銆?/li>

浜斻€佺▼搴忓憳鏁板鍏ラ棬

涓庢帴瑙﹀埌涓€涓湁闅惧害鐨勭煡璇嗙偣瀛﹁捣鏉ヨ緵鑻︾浉姣旓紝鏄嚜宸变笉鐭ラ亾鑷繁涓嶄細浠€涔堬紒灏卞儚涓婂鏃跺€欒€佸笀璇达紝浣犱笉浼氱殑灏遍棶鎴戙€傛垜涓嶄細鍟ワ紵鎴戜粠鍝棶锛熶竴鏍蜂竴鏍风殑锛?/em>

浠ｇ爜鏄鏁板閫昏緫鐨勫疄鐜帮紝绠€鍗曠殑閫昏緫璋冪敤鍏崇郴鏄緢瀹规槗鐪嬫槑鐧界殑銆備絾杩樻湁閭ｉ儴鍒嗕綘鍙兘涓嶇煡閬撶殑鏁板閫昏緫鏃讹紝灏卞緢闅剧湅鎳備簡銆傛瘮濡傦細鎵板姩鍑芥暟銆佽礋杞藉洜瀛愩€佹枑娉㈤偅濂戯紙Fibonacci锛夌瓑锛岃繖浜涚煡璇嗙偣鐨勫涔犻兘闇€瑕佸鏁板鐭ヨ瘑杩涜楠岃瘉锛屽惁鍒欎篃灏卞涓蹇碉紝鑳屼釜鐞嗚銆?/p>

涔﹀埌鐢ㄦ椂鏂规仺灏戯紝鍦ㄤ笅杩樻槸涓疂瀹濓紒

閭ｅ鏋滀綘鎯虫繁鍏ョ殑瀛︿範涓嬬▼搴忓憳搴旇浼氱殑鏁板锛屾帹鑽愮粰浣犱竴浣嶇鎶€鍗氫富 Jeremy Kun 鑺变簡4骞存椂闂达紝鍐欐垚涓€鏈功 銆婄▼搴忓憳鏁板鍏ラ棬銆?/strong>銆?/p>

杩欐湰涔︿负绋嬪簭鍛樻彁渚涗簡澶ч噺绮剧畝鍚庢暟瀛︾煡璇嗭紝鍖呮嫭锛氬椤瑰紡銆侀泦鍚堛€佸浘璁恒€佺兢璁恒€佸井绉垎鍜岀嚎鎬т唬鏁扮瓑銆傚悓鏃跺湪wiki閮ㄥ垎杩樺寘鎷簡鎶借薄浠ｆ暟銆佺鏁ｆ暟瀛︺€佸倕閲屽彾鍒嗘瀽鍜屾嫇鎵戝绛夈€?/p>

浣滆€呰〃绀猴紝濡傛灉浣犳湰绉戝杩囦竴浜涙暟瀛︾煡璇嗭紝閭ｄ箞鏈功杩樻槸鎸洪€傚悎浣犵殑锛屼笉浼氭湁浠€涔堥毦搴︺€備功涓殑鍓嶄笁绔犳槸鍩虹鏁板鍐呭锛屽線鍚庣殑闅惧害渚濇閫掑銆?/p>

• 涔︾睄鑾峰彇锛氬叧娉ㄥ叕浼楀彿锛歜ugstack铏礊鏍堬紝鍥炲锛?code>绋嬪簭鍛樻暟瀛?/code>锛屼笅杞借繖鏈功
• 鍦ㄧ嚎Wiki锛?a href="https://link.segmentfault.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fjeremykun.com%2Fprimers%2F" rel="nofollow">https://jeremykun.com/primers/

鍏€佹€荤粨

• Programming is one of the most difficult branches of applied mathematics; the poorer mathematicians had better remain pure mathematicians. https://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/EWD/transcriptions/EWD04xx/EWD498.html
• 鍗曠函鐨勫彧浼氭暟瀛﹀啓涓嶄簡浠ｇ爜锛岃兘鍐欎唬鐮佺殑涓嶆噦鏁板鍙兘鏄疌RUD鐮佸啘銆傛暟瀛︾煡璇嗗府鍔╀綘璁捐鏁版嵁缁撴瀯鍜屽疄鐜扮畻娉曢€昏緫锛屼唬鐮佽兘鍔涘府浣犻┚椹璁℃ā寮忓拰鏋舵瀯妯″瀷銆傚鏂归潰鐨勭煡璇嗙粨鍚堝拰浣跨敤鎵嶆槸鐮佸啘鍜屽伐绋嬪笀鐨勪富瑕佸尯鍒紝涔熸槸鏄惁鎷ユ湁鏍稿績绔炰簤鍔涚殑鍏抽敭鐐广€?/li>
• 瀛︿範鐭ヨ瘑鏈夋椂鍊欑湅涓嶅埌鍓嶉潰鐨勮矾鏈夊杩滐紝浣嗗摢鎬曟槸涓偿鍧戯紝鍙浣犱笉鍋滅殑锠曞姩銆佹姌鑵俱€佺炕婊氾紝涔熻兘鎶撳嚭涓€鏉℃偿槌呫€?code>鐭ヨ瘑鐨勮矾涓婃槸鍙戠幇鐭ヨ瘑鐨勫揩涔愶紝杩樺浼氱煡璇嗙殑鎴愬氨鎰燂紝涓嶆柇鐨勪績浣夸綘鍓嶈銆?/li>

涓冦€佺郴鍒楁帹鑽?/h2>

• 浜掕仈缃戝ぇ鍘傦紝绾夸笂鐮斿彂浜嬫晠鎬荤粨锛?/a>
• 鐮佸痉锛岃繖涓嶅氨鏄骇鍝佺粰鎴戠暀鐨勬暟瀛︿綔涓氾紒
• HashMap鏍稿績鐭ヨ瘑锛屾壈鍔ㄥ嚱鏁般€佽礋杞藉洜瀛愩€佹墿瀹归摼琛ㄦ媶鍒嗭紝娣卞害瀛︿範
• Netty瀹炴垬锛?姣?浠挎闈㈢増寰俊鑱婂ぉ

---

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