被动语态

Posted 2021-06-18 傀儡岁月

目录

• 被动语态语法基本知识
  • 什么是被动语态
  • 可用于被动语态的动词
  • 一般现在时的被动语态
  • 一般过去时的被动语态

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被动语态语法基本知识

什么是被动语态

被动语态是指句子中的主语为谓语动作的承受者。 如: He was hit by a car when he was crossing the road. (他过路时被辆汽车撞了。) 这句话的主语he（他）是谓语动作 hit (撞) 的承受者。施动者则为 car(汽车)。

被动语态的格式为: 助动词be + 过去分词。被动句中动作的承受者为句子的主语，动作执行者一般可由介词 by 引出。 如:
The story was written by John Gilbert. 这个故事是约翰•吉尔伯特写的。

可用于被动语态的动词

1）及物动词

• There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people were killed and twelve were injured. 边境发生非常严重列车事故，两人死亡，十二人受伤。
• A new library will be built in this small town. 这个小镇将兴建一个新图书馆。
• The glass was broken by the boy．玻璃杯被那男孩打碎了。
• They are often scolded by the teacher. 他们经常受到老师的责备。
• Many accidents are caused by careless driving.许多车祸都因开车不小心造成。

2）不及物动词与介词合成的成语动词

• The patients are well looked after by the nurses in this hospital. 病人在这所医院里被护士们照料得很周到。
• The house has been broken into. 房子被破门而入。

一般现在时的被动语态

一般现在时被动语态格式: is/are/am + 过去分词

• The Great Wall is known all over the world. 长城闻名世界。
• Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们的教室每天都有打扫。
• He is regarded as brilliant by people. 人们认为他很有才华。
• Why is Wei Fang often praised by her teacher? 为什么魏芳经常受到老师的表扬？
• What is this flower called? 这种花叫什么花?
• The boy is asked to tidy up the sitting room. 要求那个男孩打扫客厅。

一般过去时的被动语态

一般过去时被动语态格式: was/were + 过去分词

• This city was liberated in 1948. 这个城市1948年解放的。
• Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
• He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。