MySQL 高可用之 keepalived+Mysql 双主双活。

Posted 2021-02-02

环境描述：
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)

IP 规划：
mysql-M 192.168.10.10

MySQL-S 192.168.10.20

配置两服务服务器双主：

MySQL 安装：

[[email protected] ~]# yum install mysql-server mysql -y
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl mysqld start

编辑 /etc/my.cnf 配置文件，增加以下内容。设置 server-id。

[mysqld]
server-id = 1 #backup这台设置2。
log-bin = mysql-bin
binlog-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema #忽略写入binlog日志的库。
auto-increment-increment = 2 #字段变化增量值。
auto-increment-offset = 1 #初始字段ID为1。
slave-skip-errors = all #忽略所有复制产生的错误 。

查看 主服务器 log bin 日志和pos 值位置。
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 6383 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL-M 配置如下：
主服务器授权：
mysql> grant replication client,replication slave on . to [email protected]‘172.20.2.%‘ identified by ‘repl‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

第二台主服务器授权：
主服务器授权：
mysql> grant replication client,replication slave on . to [email protected]‘172.20.2.%‘ identified by ‘repl‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

第二台主服务器操作：
mysql> change master to
-> master_host=‘192.168.10.10‘,
-> master_user=‘repl‘,
-> master_password=‘repl‘,
-> master_log_file=‘mysql-bin.000001‘,
-> master_log_pos=1559;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.05 sec)

mysql> show slave status;

启动同步功能：
mysql> start slave;

##############################################################

mysql> show slave status;
+----------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+------------------+---------------------+--------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+--------------+--------------

mysql> show slave status G
1. row
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.20.2.46
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1559
Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
  Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
       Master_Retry_Count: 86400
              Master_Bind: 
  Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
 Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 

主服务器操作：
mysql> change master to
-> master_host=‘192.168.10.20‘,
-> master_user=‘repl‘,
-> master_password=‘repl‘,
-> master_log_file=‘mysql-bin.000001‘,
-> master_log_pos=1559;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.05 sec)

mysql> show slave status;

###########################################################

启动同步功能：
mysql> start slave;

########################################################################
测试：
主服务器 10.10：
mysql> create database test;

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| test |
| wangbo |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use test;

mysql> create table t1 ( id int, age int );

mysql> insert into t1 values (1,10),(2,20),(3,30);

mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+
| id | age |
+------+------+
| 1 | 20 |
| 2 | 30 |
| 3 | 30 |
+------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

###########################################################
从库插入：

mysql> use test;

mysql> insert into t1 values (4,40),(5,50),(6,60);

可以看到已经成功同步过去，同样在backup插入到user表数据，一样同步过去，双主就做成功了。
###########################################################

安装 keepalived :
[[email protected] ~]#yum -y install keepalived

[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File forkeepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {br/>[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id MYSQL_HA #标识，双主相同
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #两台都设置BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51 #主备相同
priority 100 #优先级，backup设置90
advert_int 1
nopreempt #不主动抢占资源，只在master这台优先级高的设置，backup不设置
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.10.100
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.10.100 3306 {
delay_loop 2
#lb_algo rr #LVS算法，用不到，我们就关闭了
#lb_kind DR #LVS模式，如果不关闭，备用服务器不能通过VIP连接主MySQL
persistence_timeout 50 #同一IP的连接60秒内被分配到同一台真实服务器
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.10.10 3306 ｛本地mysql，backup也要写检测本地mysql
weight 3
notify_down /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh #当mysq服down时，执行此脚本，杀死keepalived实现切换
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3 #连接超时
nb_get_retry 3 #重试次数
delay_before_retry 3 #重试间隔时间
}
}

[[email protected] ~]# vi /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
pkill keepalived
[[email protected] ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh
[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start

注：
#backup服务器只修改priority为90、nopreempt不设置、real_server设置本地IP。

#授权两台Mysql服务器允许root远程登录，用于在其他服务器登陆测试！

mysql> grant all on . to‘ root‘@‘192.168.10.%‘ identified by ‘oldboy123‘;

mysql> flush privileges;

3、测试高可用性

1、通过Mysql客户端通过VIP连接，看是否连接成功。

2、停止master这台mysql服务，是否能正常切换过去，可通过ip addr命令来查看VIP在哪台服务器上。

3、可通过查看/var/log/messges日志，看出主备切换过程

4、master服务器故障恢复后，是否主动抢占资源，成为活动服务器。