MySQL-MMM高可用

Posted 2020-12-03

mysql-MMM高可用

MMM简介

MMM（Master-Master replication manager for MySQL,MySQL主主复制管理器），是一套支持双主故障切换和双主日常管理的脚本程序。这套脚本程序中主要包含几个组件：

1、mmm_mon:监控进程，负责所有的监控工作，决定和处理所有节点角色活动。此脚本需要在监管机上运行。

2、mmm_agent:运行在每个MySQL服务器上的代理进程，完成监控的探针工作和执行简单的远程服务设置。此脚本需要在被监管机上运行。

3、mmm_control:一个简单的脚本，提供管理mmm_mond进程的命令。

mysql_mmm的监管端会提供多个虚拟IP（VIP），包括一个可写VIP，多个可读VIP，通过监管的管理，这些IP会绑定在可用MySQL之上，在当某一台MySQL宕机时，监管会将VIP迁移至其他MySQL。

实验环境

主机	IP地址
mysql-m1主服务器	192.168.58.131
mysql-m2主服务器	192.168.58.136
mysql-m3从服务器	192.168.58.146
mysql-m4从服务器	192.168.58.147
mysql-monitor监视代理服务器	192.168.58.148

实验过程

搭建MySQL多主多从模式

1、在四台MySQL服务器上，都安装MySQL，过程省略

2、配置ALI云源，然后安装epel-rlease源，为了下面安装mysql-mmm工具套件。

[[email protected] ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[[email protected] ~]# yum clean all && yum makecache

3、配置修改m1主配置文件。

vim /etc/my.cnf 

[mysqld]
log_error=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.err                     #配置错误日志
log=/var/lib/mysql/mysql_log.log                       #配置常用日志
log_slow_queries=/var/lib/mysql_slow_queris.log        #配置慢日志
binlog-ignore-db=mysql,information_schema              #配置不需要记录二进制日志的数据库
character_set_server=utf8                              #配置字符集
log_bin=mysql_bin                                      #开启binlog日志用于主从数据复制
server_id=1                                            #每台server-id的值不能一样
log_slave_updates=true                                 #此数据库宕机，备用数据库接管
sync_binlog=1                                          #允许同步二进制日志
auto_increment_increment=2                             #字段依次递增多少
auto_increment_offset=1                                #自增字段的起始值：1、3、5等奇数ID

配置没问题后，把配置文件复制到另外一台主服务器

[[email protected] ~]# scp /etc/my.cnf [email protected]:/etc/

4、配置mysql-m1、mysql-m2主主模式
首先查看log bin日志和pos值的位置。

[[email protected] ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1065
Server version: 5.5.24-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB         |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
| mysql_bin.000002 |      107 |              | mysql,information_schema |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

[[email protected] ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1065
Server version: 5.5.24-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB         |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
| mysql_bin.000002 |      107 |              | mysql,information_schema |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

然后，mysql-m1、mysql-m2互相提升访问权限。

mysql-m1
MySQL [(none)]> grant replication slave on *.* to ‘replication‘@‘192.168.58.%‘ identified by ‘123456‘; 
MySQL [(none)]> change master to master_host=‘192.168.58.136‘,master_user=‘replication‘,master_password=‘123456‘,master_log_file=‘mysql_bin.000002‘,master_log_pos=107;
MySQL [(none)]> flush privileges;

mysql-m2
MySQL [(none)]> grant replication slave on *.* to ‘replication‘@‘192.168.58.%‘ identified by ‘123456‘; 
MySQL [(none)]> change master to master_host=‘192.168.58.131‘,master_user=‘replication‘,master_password=‘123456‘,master_log_file=‘mysql_bin.000002‘,master_log_pos=107;
MySQL [(none)]> flush privileges;

最后分别查看mysql-m1、mysql-m2服务器的主从状态,主要查看

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes。

MySQL [(none)]> start slave;
MySQL [(none)]> show slave statusG;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.58.131
                  Master_User: replication
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000002
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107
               Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000012
                Relay_Log_Pos: 253
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000002
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

说明主主同步配置成功。
测试主主同步，在mysql-m1新建一个库test01

mysql-m1
MySQL [(none)]> create database test01;
MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| #mysql50#.mozilla  |
| bbs                |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
| test01             |
+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.22 sec)

mysql-m2                                #测试成功
MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| #mysql50#.mozilla  |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
| test01             |
+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.22 sec)

5、配置myqsl-m3、mysql-m4作为mysql-m1的从库。

首先将mysql-m1上的/etc/my.cnf文件，复制到myqsl-m3、mysql-m4两台服务器上。

mysql-m1
[[email protected] ~]# scp /etc/my.cnf [email protected]:/etc/
[[email protected] ~]# scp /etc/my.cnf [email protected]:/etc/

查看mysql-m1中数据库的状态值。

MySQL [(none)]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB         |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
| mysql_bin.000002 |      107 |              | mysql,information_schema |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在mysql-m3、mysql-m4上分别执行。

mysql-m3
MySQL [(none)]> change master to master_host=‘192.168.58.131‘,master_user=‘replication‘,master_password=‘123456‘,master_log_file=‘mysql_bin.000002‘,master_log_pos=107;

mysql-m4
MySQL [(none)]> change master to master_host=‘192.168.58.131‘,master_user=‘replication‘,master_password=‘123456‘,master_log_file=‘mysql_bin.000002‘,master_log_pos=107;

分别查看mysql-m3、mysql-m4服务器的主从状态，如下所示。

MySQL [(none)]> show slave statusG;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.58.131
                  Master_User: replication
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000002
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107
               Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000012
                Relay_Log_Pos: 253
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000002
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

安装配置MySQL-MMM

CentOS默认没有mysql-mmm软件包，由于之前我们epel官方源已经安装好，在五台主机上都要安装MMM

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install mysql-mmm*

安装完后，对MMM进行配置

[[email protected] mongodb1]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf 
<host default>
    cluster_interface       ens33                       #网卡名称
    ……
    replication_user        replication
    replication_password    123456
    agent_user              mmm_agent
    agent_password          123456

<host db1>
    ip      192.168.58.131
    mode    master
    peer    db2
</host>

<host db2>
    ip      192.168.58.136
    mode    master
    peer    db1
</host>

<host db3>
    ip      192.168.58.146
    mode    slave
</host>

<host db4>
    ip      192.168.58.147
    mode    slave
</host>

<role writer>
    hosts   db1, db2
    ips     192.168.58.100
    mode    exclusive
</role>

<role reader>
    hosts   db3, db4
    ips     192.168.58.200, 192.168.58.210
    mode    balanced
</role>                   #将配置文件复制到其他几台数据库服务器对应的目录下
[[email protected] mysql-mmm]# scp mmm_common.conf [email protected]:/etc/mysql-mmm/
[[email protected] mysql-mmm]# scp mmm_common.conf [email protected]:/etc/mysql-mmm/
[[email protected] mysql-mmm]# scp mmm_common.conf [email protected]:/etc/mysql-mmm/
[[email protected] mysql-mmm]# scp mmm_common.conf [email protected]:/etc/mysql-mmm/

在作为monitor服务器的终端上配置

cd /etc/mysql-mmm/ #改密码
vim mmm_mon.conf

<host default>
    monitor_user        mmm_monitor
    monitor_password    123456
</host>

在所有数据库上为mmm_agent授权

MySQL [(none)]> grant super, replication client, process on *.* to ‘mmm_agent‘@‘192.168.58.%‘ identified by ‘123456‘;
#为mmm_agent授权

在所有数据库上为mmm_moniter授权

MySQL [(none)]> grant replication client on *.* to ‘mmm_monitor‘@‘192.168.58.%‘ identified by ‘123456‘;
#为mmm_monitor授权
MySQL [(none)]> flush privileges
#刷新权限设置

修改所有数据库的mmm_agent.conf

[[email protected] mysql-mmm]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
include mmm_common.conf

# The ‘this‘ variable refers to this server.  Proper operation requires
# that ‘this‘ server (db1 by default), as well as all other servers, have the
# proper IP addresses set in mmm_common.conf.
this db1        #分别在四台数据库服务器上设置为db1,db2,db3,db4
~                  

在所有数据库服务器上启动mysql-mmm-agent

[[email protected] mysql-mmm]# systemctl start mysql-mmm-agent.service
#启动mmm-agent服务
[[email protected] mysql-mmm]# systemctl enable mysql-mmm-agent.service
#设置mmm-agent服务开机启动

在monitor服务器上配置

[[email protected] mysql-mmm]# cd /etc/mysql-mmm/
[[email protected] mysql-mmm]# vim mmm_mon.conf 

<monitor>
    ip                  127.0.0.1
    pid_path            /run/mysql-mmm-monitor.pid
    bin_path            /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm
    status_path         /var/lib/mysql-mmm/mmm_mond.status
    ping_ips            192.168.58.131,192.168.58.136,192.168.58.146,192.168.58.147
    #指定监管的服务器IP地址
    auto_set_online     10

    # The kill_host_bin does not exist by default, though the monitor will
    # throw a warning about it missing.  See the section 5.10 "Kill Host
    # Functionality" in the PDF documentation.
    #
    # kill_host_bin     /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm/monitor/kill_host
    #
</monitor>

<host default>
    monitor_user        mmm_monitor   #设置监管账户
    monitor_password    123456        #设置监管密码
</host>
[[email protected] mysql-mmm]# systemctl start mysql-mmm-monitor.service   #启动mysql-mmm-monitor
[[email protected] mysql-mmm]# mmm_control show   #查看节点运行情况
  db1(192.168.58.131) master/ONLINE. Roles: writer(192.168.58.100)
  db2(192.168.58.136) master/ONLINE. Roles: 
  db3(192.168.58.146) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.58.200)
  db4(192.168.58.147) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.58.210)

当我们把mysql-m3的mysql服务停掉以后，对应的VIP会自动绑定到mysql-m4上

[[email protected] mysql-mmm]# mmm_control show   
  db1(192.168.58.131) master/ONLINE. Roles: writer(192.168.58.100)
  db2(192.168.58.136) master/ONLINE. Roles: 
  db3(192.168.58.146) slave/HARD_OFFLINE. Roles:
  db4(192.168.58.147) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.58.210)(192.168.58.200)