全网最全python爬虫系统进阶学习(附原代码)学完可就业

Posted yk 坤帝

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5.2(第二天)

第一章 爬虫介绍

1.认识爬虫

第二章：requests实战（基础爬虫）

1.豆瓣电影爬取
2.肯德基餐厅查询
3.破解百度翻译
4.搜狗首页
5.网页采集器
6.药监总局相关数据爬取

第三章：爬虫数据分析（bs4,xpath,正则表达式)

1.bs4解析基础
2.bs4案例
3.xpath解析基础
4.xpath解析案例-4k图片解析爬取
5.xpath解析案例-58二手房
6.xpath解析案例-爬取站长素材中免费简历模板
7.xpath解析案例-全国城市名称爬取
8.正则解析
9.正则解析-分页爬取
10.爬取图片

第四章：自动识别验证码

1.古诗文网验证码识别
fateadm_api.py(识别需要的配置，建议放在同一文件夹下）
调用api接口在这里插入图片描述

第五章：request模块高级（模拟登录）

1.代理操作
2.模拟登陆人人网
3.模拟登陆人人网
在这里插入图片描述

第六章：高性能异步爬虫(线程池，协程)

1.aiohttp实现多任务异步爬虫
2.flask服务
3.多任务协程
4.多任务异步爬虫
5.示例
6.同步爬虫
7.线程池基本使用
8.线程池在爬虫案例中的应用
9.协程

第七章：动态加载数据处理(selenium模块应用,模拟登录12306)

1.selenium基础用法
2.selenium其他自动操作
3.12306登录示例代码
4.动作链与iframe的处理
5.谷歌无头浏览器+反检测
6.基于selenium实现1236模拟登录
7.模拟登录qq空间

第八章：scrapy框架

1.各种项目实战，scrapy各种配置修改
在这里插入图片描述

2.bossPro示例
3.bossPro示例
4.数据库示例

第一章 爬虫介绍

第0关 认识爬虫
1、初始爬虫
爬虫，从本质上来说，就是利用程序在网上拿到对我们有价值的数据。
2、明晰路径
2-1、浏览器工作原理

（1）解析数据：当服务器把数据响应给浏览器之后，浏览器并不会直接把数据丢给我们。因为这些数据是用计算机的语言写的，浏览器还要把这些数据翻译成我们能看得懂的内容；
（2）提取数据：我们就可以在拿到的数据中，挑选出对我们有用的数据；
（3）存储数据：将挑选出来的有用数据保存在某一文件/数据库中。
2-2、爬虫工作原理

（1）获取数据：爬虫程序会根据我们提供的网址，向服务器发起请求，然后返回数据；
（2）解析数据：爬虫程序会把服务器返回的数据解析成我们能读懂的格式；
（3）提取数据：爬虫程序再从中提取出我们需要的数据；
（4）储存数据：爬虫程序把这些有用的数据保存起来，便于你日后的使用和分析。
————————————————
版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「yk 坤帝」的原创文章，遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45803923/article/details/116133325

第二章：requests实战（基础爬虫）

1.豆瓣电影爬取

import requests
import json
headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (Khtml, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36'
}
url = "https://movie.douban.com/j/chart/top_list"

params = {
    'type': '24',
    'interval_id': '100:90',
    'action': '',
    'start': '0',#从第几部电影开始取
    'limit': '20'#一次取出的电影的个数
}
response = requests.get(url,params = params,headers = headers)
list_data = response.json()
fp = open('douban.json','w',encoding= 'utf-8')
json.dump(list_data,fp = fp,ensure_ascii= False)

print('over!!!!')

2.肯德基餐厅查询

import requests

headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36'
}
url = 'http://www.kfc.com.cn/kfccda/ashx/GetStoreList.ashx?op=keyword'
word = input('请输入一个地址：')
params = {
    'cname': '',
    'pid': '',
    'keyword': word,
    'pageIndex': '1',
    'pageSize': '10'
}
response = requests.post(url,params = params ,headers = headers)
page_text = response.text
fileName = word + '.txt'
with open(fileName,'w',encoding= 'utf-8') as f:
    f.write(page_text)

3.破解百度翻译

import requests
import json
headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36'
}
post_url = 'https://fanyi.baidu.com/sug'
word = input('enter a word:')
data = {
    'kw':word
}
response = requests.post(url = post_url,data = data,headers = headers)
dic_obj = response.json()
fileName = word + '.json'
fp = open(fileName,'w',encoding= 'utf-8')

#ensure_ascii = False,中文不能用ascii代码
json.dump(dic_obj,fp = fp,ensure_ascii = False)
print('over!')

4.搜狗首页

import requests

url = 'https://www.sogou.com/?pid=sogou-site-d5da28d4865fb927'
response = requests.get(url)
page_text = response.text

print(page_text)
with open('./sougou.html','w',encoding= 'utf-8') as fp:
    fp.write(page_text)
print('爬取数据结束!!!')

5.网页采集器

import requests
headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36'
}

url = 'https://www.sogou.com/sogou'
kw = input('enter a word:')
param = {
    'query':kw
}
response = requests.get(url,params = param,headers = headers)

page_text = response.text
fileName = kw +'.html'

with open(fileName,'w',encoding= 'utf-8') as fp:
    fp.write(page_text)

print(fileName,'保存成功!!!')

6.药监总局相关数据爬取

import requests
import json
url = "http://scxk.nmpa.gov.cn:81/xk/itownet/portalAction.do?method=getXkzsList"
headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/89.0.4385.0 Safari/537.36'
}
for page in range(1,6):
    page = str(page)
    data = {
        'on': 'true',
        'page': page,
        'pageSize': '15',
        'productName':'',
        'conditionType': '1',
        'applyname': '',
        'applysn':''
    }
    json_ids = requests.post(url,data = data,headers = headers).json()
    id_list = []
    for dic in json_ids['list']:
        id_list.append(dic['ID'])
    #print(id_list)

post_url = 'http://scxk.nmpa.gov.cn:81/xk/itownet/portalAction.do?method=getXkzsById'
all_data_list = []
for id in id_list:
    data = {
        'id':id
    }
    datail_json = requests.post(url = post_url,data = data,headers = headers).json()
    #print(datail_json,'---------------------over')
    all_data_list.append(datail_json)
    fp = open('allData.json','w',encoding='utf-8')
    json.dump(all_data_list,fp = fp,ensure_ascii= False)
print('over!!!')

第三章：爬虫数据分析（bs4,xpath,正则表达式)

1.bs4解析基础

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

fp = open('第三章 数据分析/text.html','r',encoding='utf-8')
soup = BeautifulSoup(fp,'lxml')
#print(soup)
#print(soup.a)
#print(soup.div)
#print(soup.find('div'))
#print(soup.find('div',class_="song"))
#print(soup.find_all('a'))
#print(soup.select('.tang'))
#print(soup.select('.tang > ul > li >a')[0].text)
#print(soup.find('div',class_="song").text)
#print(soup.find('div',class_="song").string)
print(soup.select('.tang > ul > li >a')[0]['href'])

2.bs4案例

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests

headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36'
}
url = "http://sanguo.5000yan.com/"

page_text = requests.get(url ,headers = headers).content
#print(page_text)

soup = BeautifulSoup(page_text,'lxml')

li_list = soup.select('.list > ul > li')

fp = open('./sanguo.txt','w',encoding='utf-8')
for li in li_list:
    title = li.a.string
    #print(title)
    detail_url = 'http://sanguo.5000yan.com/'+li.a['href']
    print(detail_url)
    detail_page_text = requests.get(detail_url,headers = headers).content
    detail_soup = BeautifulSoup(detail_page_text,'lxml')
    div_tag = detail_soup.find('div',class_="grap")
    content = div_tag.text
    fp.write(title+":"+content+'\\n')
    print(title,'爬取成功！！！')

3.xpath解析基础

from lxml import etree

tree = etree.parse('第三章 数据分析/text.html')
# r = tree.xpath('/html/head/title')
# print(r)
# r = tree.xpath('/html/body/div')
# print(r)
# r = tree.xpath('/html//div')
# print(r)
# r = tree.xpath('//div')
# print(r)
# r = tree.xpath('//div[@class="song"]')
# print(r)
# r = tree.xpath('//div[@class="song"]/P[3]')
# print(r)
# r = tree.xpath('//div[@class="tang"]//li[5]/a/text()')
# print(r)
# r = tree.xpath('//li[7]/i/text()')
# print(r)
# r = tree.xpath('//li[7]//text()')
# print(r)
# r = tree.xpath('//div[@class="tang"]//text()')
# print(r)
# r = tree.xpath('//div[@class="song"]/img/@src')
# print(r)

4.xpath解析案例-4k图片解析爬取

import requests
from lxml import etree
import os

headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36'
}

url = 'http://pic.netbian.com/4kmeinv/'
response = requests.get(url,headers = headers)
#response.encoding=response.apparent_encoding
#response.encoding = 'utf-8'
page_text = response.text
tree = etree.HTML(page_text)

li_list = tree.xpath('//div[@class="slist"]/ul/li')

# if not os.path.exists('./picLibs'):
#     os.mkdir('./picLibs')
for li in li_list:
    img_src = 'http://pic.netbian.com/'+li.xpath('./a/img/@src')[0]
    img_name = li.xpath('./a/img/@alt')[0]+'.jpg'
    img_name = img_name.encode('iso-8859-1').decode('gbk')
    # print(img_name,img_src)
    # print(type(img_name))

    img_data = requests.get(url = img_src,headers = headers).content
    img_path ='picLibs/'+img_name
    #print(img_path)

    with open(img_path,'wb') as fp:

        fp.write(img_data)
        print(img_name,"下载成功")

5.xpath解析案例-58二手房

import requests
from lxml import etree

url = 'https://bj.58.com/ershoufang/p2/'
headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36'
}

page_text = requests.get(url=url,headers = headers).text

tree = etree.HTML(page_text)

li_list = tree.xpath('//section[@class="list-left"]/section[2]/div')

fp = open('58.txt','w',encoding='utf-8')
for li in li_list:
    title = li.xpath('./a/div[2]/div/div/h3/text()')[0]
    print(title)
    fp.write(title+'\\n')

6.xpath解析案例-爬取站长素材中免费简历模板

import requests
from lxml import etree
import os

headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36'
}

url = 'https://www.aqistudy.cn/historydata/'
page_text = requests.get(url,headers = headers).text

7.xpath解析案例-全国城市名称爬取

import requests
from lxml import etree
import os

headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36'
}

url = 'https://www.aqistudy.cn/historydata/'
page_text = requests.get(url,headers = headers).text

tree = etree.HTML(page_text)
# holt_li_list = tree.xpath('//div[@class="bottom"]/ul/li')

# all_city_name = []
# for li in holt_li_list:
#     host_city_name = li.xpath('./a/text()')[0]
#     all_city_name.append(host_city_name)

# city_name_list = tree.xpath('//div[@class="bottom"]/ul/div[2]/li')
# for li in city_name_list:
#     city_name = li.xpath('./a/text()')[0]
#     all_city_name.append(city_name)

# print(all_city_name,len(all_city_name))

#holt_li_list = tree.xpath('//div[@class="bottom"]/ul//li')
holt_li_list = tree.xpath('//div[@class="bottom"]/ul/li | //div[@class="bottom"]/ul/div[2]/li')
all_city_name = []
for li in holt_li_list:
    host_city_name = li.xpath('./a/text()')[0]
    all_city_name.append(host_city_name)
    print(all_city_name,len(all_city_name))

8.正则解析

import requests
import re
import os

if not os.path.exists('./qiutuLibs'):
    os.mkdir('./qiutuLibs')

url = 'https://www.qiushibaike.com/imgrank/'
headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/89.0.4385.0 Safari/537.36'
}

page_text = requests.get(url,headers = headers).text


ex = '<div class="thumb">.*?<img src="(.*?)" alt.*?</div>'
img_src_list = re.findall(ex,page_text,re.S)
print(img_src_list)
for src in img_src_list:
    src = 'https:' + src

    img_data = requests.get(url = src,headers = headers).content
    img_name = src.split('/')[-1]
    imgPath = './qiutuLibs/'+img_name
    with open(imgPath,'wb') as fp:
        fp.write(img_data)
        print(img_name,"下载完成！！！！！")

9.正则解析-分页爬取

import requests
import re
import os

if not os.path.exists('./qiutuLibs'):
    os.mkdir('./qiutuLibs')

headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/89.0.4385.0 Safari/537.36'
}

url = 'https://www.qiushibaike.com/imgrank/page/%d/'

for pageNum in range(1,3):
    new_url = format(url%pageNum)

    page_text = requests.get(new_url,headers = headers).text


    ex = '<div class="thumb">.*?<img src="(.*?)" alt.*?</div>'
    img_src_list = re.findall(ex,page_text,re.S)
    print(img_src_list)
    for src in img_src_list:
        src = 'https:' + src

        img_data = requests.get(url = src,headers = headers).content
        img_name = src.split('/')[-1]
        imgPath = './qiutuLibs/'+img_name
        with open(imgPath,'wb') as fp:
            fp.write(img_data)
            print(img_name,"下载完成！！！！！")

10.爬取图片

import requests

url = 'https://pic.qiushibaike.com/system/pictures/12404/124047919/medium/R7Y2UOCDRBXF2MIQ.jpg'
img_data = requests.get(url).content

with open('qiutu.jpg','wb') as fp:
    fp.write(img_data)

第四章：自动识别验证码

1.古诗文网验证码识别

开发者账号密码可以申请

import requests
from lxml import etree
from fateadm_api import FateadmApi

def TestFunc(imgPath,codyType):
    pd_id           = "xxxxxx"     #用户中心页可以查询到pd信息
    pd_key          = "xxxxxxxx"
    app_id          = "xxxxxxx"     #开发者分成用的账号，在开发者中心可以查询到
    app_key         = "xxxxxxx"
    #识别类型，
    #具体类型可以查看官方网站的价格页选择具体的类型，不清楚类型的，可以咨询客服
    pred_type       = codyType
    api             = FateadmApi(app_id, app_key, pd_id, pd_key)
    # 查询余额
    balance 		= api.QueryBalcExtend()   # 直接返余额
    # api.QueryBalc()

    # 通过文件形式识别：
    file_name       = imgPath
    # 多网站类型时，需要增加src_url参数，具体请参考api文档: http://docs.fateadm.com/web/#/1?page_id=6
    result =  api.PredictFromFileExtend(pred_type,file_name)   # 直接返回识别结果
    #rsp             = api.PredictFromFile(pred_type, file_name)  # 返回详细识别结果

    '''
    # 如果不是通过文件识别，则调用Predict接口：
    # result 			= api.PredictExtend(pred_type,data)   	# 直接返回识别结果
    rsp             = api.Predict(pred_type,data)				# 返回详细的识别结果
    '''

    # just_flag    = False
    # if just_flag :
    #     if rsp.ret_code == 0:
    #         #识别的结果如果与预期不符，可以调用这个接口将预期不符的订单退款
    #         # 退款仅在正常识别出结果后，无法通过网站验证的情况，请勿非法或者滥用，否则可能进行封号处理
    #         api.Justice( rsp.request_id)

    #card_id         = "123"
    #card_key        = "123"
    #充值
    #api.Charge(card_id, card_key)
    #LOG("print in testfunc")
    return result

# if __name__ == "__main__":
#     TestFunc()


headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36'
}
url = 'https://so.gushiwen.cn/user/login.aspx?from=http://so.gushiwen.cn/user/collect.aspx'

page_text = requests.get(url,headers = headers).text
tree = etree.HTML(page_text)

code_img_src = 'https://so.gushiwen.cn' + tree.xpath('//*[@id="imgCode"]/@src')[0]
img_data = requests.get(code_img_src,headers = headers).content

with open('./code.jpg','wb') as fp:
    fp.write(img_data)

code_text = TestFunc('code.jpg',30400)
print('识别结果为:' + code_text)

code_text = TestFunc('code.jpg',30400)
print('识别结果为:' + code_text)

fateadm_api.py(识别需要的配置，建议放在同一文件夹下）
调用api接口

# coding=utf-8
import os,sys
import hashlib
import time
import json
import requests

FATEA_PRED_URL  = "http://pred.fateadm.com"

def LOG(log):
    # 不需要测试时，注释掉日志就可以了
    print(log)
    log = None

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