springboot使用RabbitMQ教程

Posted 2020-10-20

1、安装rabbitmq
docker安装，拉取镜像
docker pull rabbitmq:management
创建容器并启动
docker run -d --name rabbitmq --publish 5671:5671 --publish 5672:5672 --publish 4369:4369 --publish 25672:25672 --publish 15671:15671 --publish 15672:15672 rabbitmq:management
管理地址：
http://localhost:15672/ 用户名：guest 密码：guest

2、配置springboot
（1）pom.xml添加依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

（2）添加rabbit配置文件，配置server信息
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**

• @Author 冯战魁
• @Date 2018/1/12 下午2:50br/>*/
  @Configuration
  public class AmqpConfig {br/>@Bean
  public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
  CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
  connectionFactory.setAddresses("127.0.0.1:5672");
  connectionFactory.setUsername("guest");
  connectionFactory.setPassword("guest");
  connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
  connectionFactory.setPublisherConfirms(true); //必须要设置
  return connectionFactory;br/>}
  @Bean
  public Queue helloQueue() {
  return new Queue("hello");
  }
  }

（3）创建生产者，循环下发四个任务，用sleep模拟任务处理时间，一个.代码任务处理1s的时长，分别有四个不同时长的任务下发
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**

• @Author 冯战魁
• @Date 2018/1/12 上午11:21br/>*/
  @RestController
  public class RabbitSenderController {br/>@Autowired
  private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;br/>@RequestMapping("/sender")
  public void sender(){
  String[] tasks = {"1.","2..","3...","4...."};
  for (int i=0;i<tasks.length;i++){
  String content = tasks[i];
  System.out.println("Sender : " + content);
  this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello",content);
  }
  }
  }

（4）创建两个消费者Receiver1，Receiver2处理队列的任务

Receiver1：
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**

• @Author 冯战魁
• @Date 2018/1/12 下午3:06br/>*/
  @Component
  @RabbitListener(queues = "hello")
  public class RabbitReceiver1 {br/>@RabbitHandler
  public void process(String content){
  System.out.println("Receiver1 : " + content);
  try {
  dowork(content);
  } catch (InterruptedException e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
  }
  }
  public void dowork(String content) throws InterruptedException{
  for (char ch: content.toCharArray()) {
  if (ch == ‘.‘){
  Thread.sleep(1000);
  }
  }
  }
  }

Receiver2：
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**

• @Author 冯战魁
• @Date 2018/1/12 下午3:06br/>*/
  @Component
  @RabbitListener(queues = "hello")
  public class RabbitReceiver2 {br/>@RabbitHandler
  public void process(String content){
  System.out.println("Receiver2 : " + content);
  try {
  dowork(content);
  } catch (InterruptedException e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
  }
  }
  public void dowork(String content) throws InterruptedException{
  for (char ch: content.toCharArray()) {
  if (ch == ‘.‘){
  Thread.sleep(1000);
  }
  }
  }
  }
  （5）验证代码
  启动springboot，执行生产者的接口
  http://localhost:8080/sender
  然后查看终端输出的信息，如图所示

可以看到最先完成的消费者去执行下一个任务，是按任务时长执行，并不是按任务个数平分，防止消费者无意义的等待，提高效率。

查看rabbit的管理端http://localhost:15672/
可以看到已经生成队列

至此整个任务完成！