Springboot接入RabbitMQ详细教程

Posted 2022-05-02 renyutao

本文适用于对 RabbitMQ 有所了解的人，在此不讨论MQ的原理，只讨论如何接入。其实Spring Boot 集成 RabbitMQ 非常简单，本文章使用的是Spring Boot 提供了spring-boot-starter-amqp 项目对消息各种支持。

接下来将进入正题，六步轻松教你接入RabbitMQ

1.配置pom文件所依赖的主要jar包

<dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
     <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

 

2.配置文件（application.properties）

## rabbitmq
spring.rabbitmq.host=127.0.0.1
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=root
spring.rabbitmq.password=root
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/

# rabbitmq消息确认
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true

## rabbitmq-config
rabbitmq.exchange-key = rabbitmq.test.exchange
rabbitmq.routing-key = rabbitmq.test.routing.key
rabbitmq.queue-name=rabbitmq.queue.name.test

 

3.交换机和队列绑定配置

@Value("$rabbitmq.queue-name")
String queueName;

@Value("$rabbitmq.exchange-key")
String exchangeKey;

@Value("$rabbitmq.routing-key")
String routingKey;

@Bean(value = "$rabbitmq.queue-name")
public Queue initOrderCancelQueue()
    return new Queue(queueName) ;


@Bean(value = "$rabbitmq.exchange-key")
public CustomExchange customExchange()
    Map<String,Object> args=new HashMap<>();
    return new CustomExchange(exchangeKey,"topic",true,false,args);


@Bean
public Binding binding(@Qualifier(value = "$rabbitmq.queue-name") Queue queue,
                       @Qualifier(value = "$rabbitmq.exchange-key") CustomExchange exchange)
    return BindingBuilder
            .bind(queue)
            .to(exchange)
            .with(routingKey)
            .and(exchange.getArguments());

 

4.生产者

@Value("$rabbitmq.exchange-key")
String exchangeKey;

@Autowired
private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
/**
 * 发送MQ
 * @param routingKey
 * @param obj 参数
 */
public void sendNotification(String routingKey, Object obj)
    this.amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchangeKey,routingKey,obj);

 

5消费者

@RabbitHandler
@RabbitListener(queues = "$rabbitmq.queue-name")
public void receiveRabbitmqMsg(Message msg, Channel channel, @Header(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG) long tag)
    String funcName="接收到RabbitmqMsg";
    logger.info(":",funcName,msg);
    try 

    catch(Exception e) 

    finally 

    

 

6.测试

@Autowired
RabbitmqProducer producer;

@Value("$rabbitmq.routing-key")
String routingKey;

public void sendMsg()
    TestModel testModel =new TestModel();
    testModel.setName("fxx");
    testModel.setAge(18);
    testModel.setGender("girl");
    try 
        producer.sendNotification(routingKey,testModel);
    catch (Exception e)
        logger.error("系统异常："+e.toString());
    

 

搞定！就这么简单，赶快自己动手试试吧

源码下载地址