Sql Left Join if Where 不存在

Posted 2023-05-08

【中文标题】Sql Left Join if Where 不存在

【英文标题】：Msql Left Join if Where not exists

【发布时间】：2021-03-24 11:10:09

【问题描述】：

我有以下问题。它工作得很好，除非 _billing_company 的行不存在。 如果_billing_company 不存在，我可以获得某种默认值或空值吗？ 在下面的示例中，将显示 ID 为 1 的帖子，但不会显示 ID 为 2 的帖子，因为postmeta 中没有_billing_company 列。 我想获得所有帖子，无论是否所有 meta_keys 都存在。这怎么可能？

SELECT p.post_date
    , p.ID
    , m1.meta_value AS 'order_total'
    , m2.meta_value AS 'currency'
    , m3.meta_value AS '_billing_company'
    , m4.meta_value AS '_billing_first_name'
    , m5.meta_value AS '_billing_last_name'
FROM dawp_posts p
LEFT JOIN dawp_postmeta m1
    ON p.ID = m1.post_id
LEFT JOIN dawp_postmeta m2
    ON p.ID = m2.post_id
LEFT JOIN dawp_postmeta m3
    ON p.ID = m3.post_id
LEFT JOIN dawp_postmeta m4 
    ON p.ID = m4.post_id
LEFT JOIN dawp_postmeta m5
    ON p.ID = m5.post_id
WHERE p.post_type = 'shop_order' 
    AND p.post_status NOT LIKE 'wc-completed' 
    AND m1.meta_key = '_order_total'
    AND m2.meta_key = '_order_currency'
    AND m3.meta_key = '_billing_company'
    AND m4.meta_key = '_billing_first_name'
    AND m5.meta_key = '_billing_last_name'
ORDER BY p.post_date DESC

表： dawp_posts

ID	post_name	post_date	post_status	...
1	Hello	2020-03-03	open	...
2	World	2021-01-01	open	...

dawp_postmeta

post_id	meta_key	meta_value
1	_order_currency	CHF
1	_billing_first_name	Daniel
1	_order_total	10
1	_billing_last_name	Boxero
1	_billing_company	Nonero Gmbh
2	_order_currency	CHF
2	_billing_first_name	Markus
2	_order_total	50
2	_billing_last_name	Nachinzki

【参考方案1】：

使用LEFT JOIN 时，除第一个表之外的所有条件都应在ON 子句中：

FROM `dawp_posts` `posts` LEFT JOIN
     `dawp_postmeta` `m1`
     ON `posts`.`ID` = `m1`.`post_id` AND `m1`.`meta_key` = '_order_total' LEFT JOIN
     `dawp_postmeta` `m2`
     ON `posts`.`ID` = `m2`.`post_id` AND `m2`.`meta_key` = '_order_currency' LEFT JOIN
     `dawp_postmeta` `m3`
     ON `posts`.`ID` = `m3`.`post_id` AND `m3`.`meta_key` = '_billing_company' LEFT JOIN
     `dawp_postmeta` `m4`
     ON `posts`.`ID` = `m4`.`post_id` AND `m4`.`meta_key` = '_billing_first_name' LEFT JOIN
     `dawp_postmeta` `m5`
     ON `posts`.`ID` = `m5`.`post_id` AND `m5`.`meta_key` = '_billing_last_name'
WHERE `posts`.`post_type` = 'shop_order' AND
      `posts`.`post_status` NOT LIKE 'wc-completed' ;

我还建议使用更有意义的表别名，例如mot、moc、mbc——这是表含义的缩写。

【参考方案2】：

FWIW，虽然它对性能没有任何帮助，但我发现这更容易阅读......

SELECT p.post_date
     , p.ID
     , MAX(CASE WHEN m.meta_key = '_order_total'        THEN meta_value END) order_total
     , MAX(CASE WHEN m.meta_key = '_order_currency'     THEN meta_value END) currency
     , MAX(CASE WHEN m.meta_key = '_billing_company'    THEN meta_value END) _billing_company
     , MAX(CASE WHEN m.meta_key = '_billing_first_name' THEN meta_value END) _billing_first_name
     , MAX(CASE WHEN m.meta_key = '_billing_last_name'  THEN meta_value END) _billing_last_name
  FROM dawp_posts p
  LEFT
  JOIN dawp_postmeta m
    ON m.post_id = p.ID
 WHERE p.post_type = 'shop_order' 
   AND p.post_status NOT LIKE 'wc-completed' 
 GROUP 
    BY p.post_date
     , p.id
 ORDER 
    BY p.post_date DESC

【讨论】：

为避免第二次排序，请更改为ORDER BY p.post_date DESC, p.id DESC。