绘制多个图形时添加滚动条以在 PyQt5 中保留图形大小
Posted
技术标签:
【中文标题】绘制多个图形时添加滚动条以在 PyQt5 中保留图形大小【英文标题】:add scrollbar to preserve figure size in PyQt5 when plotting multiple figures 【发布时间】:2021-08-01 22:26:29 【问题描述】:我正在尝试在 pyqt5 窗口小部件中绘制多个图形。我能够做到这一点,但如果我在窗口中添加更多图形,图形的大小只会被“压缩”。通过运行下面的代码并单击 Push for Window 1
与 Push for Window 2
来查看比较。
我想在canvas
中添加一个滚动条,这样我就可以保留图形的大小,就像将多个图形放在一个 word 文件中并使用滚动条上下移动来查看图形一样。我该怎么做?
import sys
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (
QApplication,
QLabel,
QMainWindow,
QPushButton,
QVBoxLayout,
QWidget,
)
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
class AnotherWindow1(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.figure = plt.figure(figsize=(45,15))
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
layout = QVBoxLayout()
button1 = QPushButton("Plot")
button1.clicked.connect(self.plot)
button2 = QPushButton("Back")
button2.clicked.connect(self.close_window)
layout.addWidget(button1)
layout.addWidget(button2)
layout.addWidget(self.canvas)
self.setLayout(layout)
def close_window(self):
self.close()
def plot(self):
self.figure.clear()
ax1 = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
data = pd.DataFrame(np.random.rand(5))
data.plot(ax=ax1)
self.canvas.draw()
class AnotherWindow2(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.figure = plt.figure(figsize=(45,15))
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
self.canvas2 = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
self.canvas3 = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
layout = QVBoxLayout()
button1 = QPushButton("Plot")
button1.clicked.connect(self.plot)
button2 = QPushButton("Back")
button2.clicked.connect(self.close_window)
layout.addWidget(button1)
layout.addWidget(button2)
layout.addWidget(self.canvas)
layout.addWidget(self.canvas2)
layout.addWidget(self.canvas3)
self.setLayout(layout)
def close_window(self):
self.close()
def plot(self):
self.figure.clear()
ax1 = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
data = pd.DataFrame(np.random.rand(5))
data.plot(ax=ax1)
self.canvas.draw()
ax2 = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
data = pd.DataFrame(np.random.rand(5))
data.plot(ax=ax2)
self.canvas2.draw()
ax2 = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
data = pd.DataFrame(np.random.rand(5))
data.plot(ax=ax2)
self.canvas3.draw()
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.window1 = AnotherWindow1()
self.window2 = AnotherWindow2()
l = QVBoxLayout()
button1 = QPushButton("Push for Window 1")
button1.clicked.connect(self.show_window1)
l.addWidget(button1)
button2 = QPushButton("Push for Window 2")
button2.clicked.connect(self.show_window2)
l.addWidget(button2)
w = QWidget()
w.setLayout(l)
self.setCentralWidget(w)
def show_window1(self):
self.window1.show()
def show_window2(self):
self.window2.show()
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
w = MainWindow()
w.show()
app.exec()
【问题讨论】:
【参考方案1】:您必须使用包含 QWidget 的 QScrollArea 作为画布的容器
import sys
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (
QApplication,
QLabel,
QMainWindow,
QPushButton,
QScrollArea,
QVBoxLayout,
QWidget,
)
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
class AnotherWindow1(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.figure = Figure(figsize=(45, 15))
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
button1 = QPushButton("Plot")
button1.clicked.connect(self.plot)
button2 = QPushButton("Back")
button2.clicked.connect(self.close_window)
layout = QVBoxLayout(self)
layout.addWidget(button1)
layout.addWidget(button2)
layout.addWidget(self.canvas)
def close_window(self):
self.close()
def plot(self):
self.figure.clear()
ax1 = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
data = pd.DataFrame(np.random.rand(5))
data.plot(ax=ax1)
self.canvas.draw()
class AnotherWindow2(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.figure = Figure(figsize=(45, 15))
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
self.canvas.setMinimumSize(640, 480)
self.canvas2 = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
self.canvas2.setMinimumSize(640, 480)
self.canvas3 = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
self.canvas3.setMinimumSize(640, 480)
canvas_scrollarea = QScrollArea(widgetResizable=True)
canvas_container = QWidget()
canvas_scrollarea.setWidget(canvas_container)
canvas_layout = QVBoxLayout(canvas_container)
canvas_layout.addWidget(self.canvas)
canvas_layout.addWidget(self.canvas2)
canvas_layout.addWidget(self.canvas3)
button1 = QPushButton("Plot")
button1.clicked.connect(self.plot)
button2 = QPushButton("Back")
button2.clicked.connect(self.close_window)
layout = QVBoxLayout(self)
layout.addWidget(button1)
layout.addWidget(button2)
layout.addWidget(canvas_scrollarea)
def close_window(self):
self.close()
def plot(self):
self.figure.clear()
ax1 = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
data = pd.DataFrame(np.random.rand(5))
data.plot(ax=ax1)
self.canvas.draw()
ax2 = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
data = pd.DataFrame(np.random.rand(5))
data.plot(ax=ax2)
self.canvas2.draw()
ax2 = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
data = pd.DataFrame(np.random.rand(5))
data.plot(ax=ax2)
self.canvas3.draw()
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.window1 = AnotherWindow1()
self.window2 = AnotherWindow2()
button1 = QPushButton("Push for Window 1")
button1.clicked.connect(self.show_window1)
button2 = QPushButton("Push for Window 2")
button2.clicked.connect(self.show_window2)
w = QWidget()
l = QVBoxLayout(w)
l.addWidget(button1)
l.addWidget(button2)
self.setCentralWidget(w)
def show_window1(self):
self.window1.show()
def show_window2(self):
self.window2.show()
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
w = MainWindow()
w.show()
app.exec()
【讨论】:
谢谢。我认为这是一个非常有用且有效的答案。以上是关于绘制多个图形时添加滚动条以在 PyQt5 中保留图形大小的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
我无法使用 MatplotLib 生成图表以在 PyQt5 App 上绘图