pyqt5通过qt designer 设计方式连接多个UI图形界面

Posted 2021-01-13 淋雨的孩子

当我们通过pyqt开发时,eric6为我们提供了一个方便的工具:图形化的绘制UI工具--qtdesigner。我们可以通过它开发多个UI,然后利用信号-槽工具,将功能代码附着在上面。也可以将多个界面连接起来。接下来,我要提供将多个UI链接起来的思路。一:讲解:qtdesigner自动生成的代码是怎样运行的:(一)组成qtdesinger自动生成的代码为一个对象和对象启动命令,（如何将.ui文件生成.py文件查看：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37193537/article/details/82080285）对象中包含两个函数,setupUi()和retranslateUi()。两个函数负责绘制Ui，其中setupUI会调用retranslateUi。

使用四个函数，一个主窗口，两个弹出窗口，一个主运行函数。对于所有的窗口都可以通过qtdesigner来设计，之后在主运行函数中来调用。直接运行run函数，即可查看效果。

主窗口：

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
################################################
#######创建主窗口
################################################
class FirstMainWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.setWindowTitle(‘主界面‘)

        ###### 创建界面 ######
        self.centralwidget = QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.Layout = QVBoxLayout(self.centralwidget)

        # 设置顶部三个按钮
        self.topwidget = QWidget()
        self.Layout.addWidget(self.topwidget)
        self.buttonLayout = QHBoxLayout(self.topwidget)

        self.pushButton1 = QPushButton()
        self.pushButton1.setText("打开主界面")
        self.buttonLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton1)

        self.pushButton2 = QPushButton()
        self.pushButton2.setText("打开对话框")
        self.buttonLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton2)

        self.pushButton3 = QPushButton()
        self.pushButton3.setText("打开提示框")
        self.buttonLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton3)



        # 设置中间文本
        self.label = QLabel()
        self.label.setText("第一个主界面")
        self.label.setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy(QSizePolicy.Expanding, QSizePolicy.Expanding))
        self.label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.label.setFont(QFont("Roman times", 50, QFont.Bold))
        self.Layout.addWidget(self.label)

        # 设置状态栏
        self.statusBar().showMessage("当前用户：mxh")

        # 窗口最大化
        self.showMaximized()

        ###### 三个按钮事件 ######

        self.pushButton3.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton3_clicked)




    # 按钮三：打开提示框
    def on_pushButton3_clicked(self):
        QMessageBox.information(self, "提示", "这是information框！")
        #QMessageBox.question(self, "提示", "这是question框！")
        #QMessageBox.warning(self, "提示", "这是warning框！")
        #QMessageBox.about(self, "提示", "这是about框！")


################################################
#######程序入门
################################################
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    the_mainwindow = FirstMainWindow()
    the_mainwindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

main_window

第一个弹出窗口：

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
class Ui_Dialog1(object):
    def setupUi1(self, Dialog):
        Dialog.setObjectName("Dialog")
        Dialog.resize(480, 297)
        self.buttonBox = QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox(Dialog)
        self.buttonBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(260, 240, 181, 32))
        self.buttonBox.setOrientation(QtCore.Qt.Horizontal)
        self.buttonBox.setStandardButtons(QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.Cancel|QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.Ok)
        self.buttonBox.setObjectName("buttonBox")
        self.hostlnedt = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(Dialog)
        self.hostlnedt.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(120, 20, 113, 27))
        self.hostlnedt.setObjectName("hostlnedt")
        self.hostlbl = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
        self.hostlbl.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 26, 81, 21))
        self.hostlbl.setObjectName("hostlbl")
        self.usernamelbl = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
        self.usernamelbl.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 90, 51, 17))
        self.usernamelbl.setObjectName("usernamelbl")
        self.userlnedt = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(Dialog)
        self.userlnedt.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(120, 80, 113, 27))
        self.userlnedt.setObjectName("userlnedt")
        self.passwdlbl = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
        self.passwdlbl.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 140, 81, 20))
        self.passwdlbl.setObjectName("passwdlbl")
        self.passwdlnedit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(Dialog)
        self.passwdlnedit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(120, 130, 113, 27))
        self.passwdlnedit.setObjectName("passwdlnedit")
        self.retranslateUi(Dialog)
        self.buttonBox.accepted.connect(Dialog.accept)
        self.buttonBox.rejected.connect(Dialog.reject)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)
    def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "登陆mysql"))
        self.hostlnedt.setText(_translate("Dialog", "localhost"))
        self.hostlbl.setText(_translate("Dialog", "HOST地址"))
        self.usernamelbl.setText(_translate("Dialog", "用户名"))
        self.passwdlbl.setText(_translate("Dialog", "数据库密码"))
if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    Dialog1 = QtWidgets.QDialog()
    ui = Ui_Dialog1()
    ui.setupUi1(Dialog1)
    Dialog1.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

Ui_one

第二个弹出窗口：

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
class Ui_Dialog2(object):
    def setupUi2(self, Dialog):
        Dialog.setObjectName("Dialog")
        Dialog.resize(400, 296)
        self.dialogButtonBox = QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox(Dialog)
        self.dialogButtonBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 240, 181, 32))
        self.dialogButtonBox.setOrientation(QtCore.Qt.Horizontal)
        self.dialogButtonBox.setStandardButtons(QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.Cancel|QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.Ok)
        self.dialogButtonBox.setObjectName("dialogButtonBox")
        self.author = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
        self.author.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(40, 20, 191, 17))
        self.author.setObjectName("author")
        self.email = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
        self.email.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(40, 50, 271, 17))
        self.email.setObjectName("email")
        self.github = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
        self.github.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(40, 80, 351, 17))
        self.github.setObjectName("github")
        self.GPL = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
        self.GPL.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(40, 110, 161, 17))
        self.GPL.setObjectName("GPL")
        self.retranslateUi(Dialog)
        self.dialogButtonBox.accepted.connect(Dialog.accept)
        self.dialogButtonBox.rejected.connect(Dialog.reject)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)
    def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog"))
        self.author.setText(_translate("Dialog", "作者:maxiaohui"))
        self.email.setText(_translate("Dialog", "联系邮箱:[email protected]"))
        self.github.setText(_translate("Dialog", "github: https://github.com/xxx"))
        self.GPL.setText(_translate("Dialog", "本软件遵循GPL v2协议"))
if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    Dialog2 = QtWidgets.QDialog()
    ui2 = Ui_Dialog2()
    ui2.setupUi2(Dialog2)
    Dialog2.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

Ui_two

主运行函数：

# coding:utf-8
import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
from pyqt5_work.GUI_more.main_window import FirstMainWindow
from pyqt5_work.GUI_more.Ui_one import Ui_Dialog1
from pyqt5_work.GUI_more.Ui_two import Ui_Dialog2

# part 1
# 实例化启动qt应用
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
#  取得UI class 的实例
the_mainwindow = FirstMainWindow()

# part 2 登录mysql
Dialog1 = QtWidgets.QDialog()
ui1 = Ui_Dialog1()
ui1.setupUi1(Dialog1)
# part 3 关于界面
Dialog2 = QtWidgets.QDialog()
ui2 = Ui_Dialog2()
ui2.setupUi2(Dialog2)

# part 4
# 设计信号-槽点
# 建立对象实例化的访问
bttn = the_mainwindow.pushButton1
bttn.clicked.connect(Dialog1.show)

bttn2 = the_mainwindow.pushButton2
bttn2.clicked.connect(Dialog2.show)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 展示主窗口 chenSpider
    the_mainwindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

run

---

 

另外还查看了另外一种方式，所有的窗口和函数都在一个函数当中（函数直接运行即可查看效果）

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
################################################
#######创建主窗口
################################################
class FirstMainWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.setWindowTitle(‘主界面‘)

        ###### 创建界面 ######
        self.centralwidget = QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.Layout = QVBoxLayout(self.centralwidget)

        # 设置顶部三个按钮
        self.topwidget = QWidget()
        self.Layout.addWidget(self.topwidget)
        self.buttonLayout = QHBoxLayout(self.topwidget)

        self.pushButton1 = QPushButton()
        self.pushButton1.setText("打开主界面")
        self.buttonLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton1)

        self.pushButton2 = QPushButton()
        self.pushButton2.setText("打开对话框")
        self.buttonLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton2)

        self.pushButton3 = QPushButton()
        self.pushButton3.setText("打开提示框")
        self.buttonLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton3)



        # 设置中间文本
        self.label = QLabel()
        self.label.setText("第一个主界面")
        self.label.setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy(QSizePolicy.Expanding, QSizePolicy.Expanding))
        self.label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.label.setFont(QFont("Roman times", 50, QFont.Bold))
        self.Layout.addWidget(self.label)

        # 设置状态栏
        self.statusBar().showMessage("当前用户：一心狮")

        # 窗口最大化
        self.showMaximized()

        ###### 三个按钮事件 ######
        self.pushButton1.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton1_clicked)
        self.pushButton2.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton2_clicked)
        self.pushButton3.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton3_clicked)




    # 按钮一：打开主界面
    windowList = []
    def on_pushButton1_clicked(self):
        the_window =SecondWindow()
        self.windowList.append(the_window)   ##注：没有这句，是不打开另一个主界面的！
        self.close()
        the_window.show()


    # 按钮二：打开对话框
    def on_pushButton2_clicked(self):
        the_dialog = demoDialog_t()
        if the_dialog.exec_() == QDialog.Accepted:
            pass



    # 按钮三：打开提示框
    def on_pushButton3_clicked(self):
        QMessageBox.information(self, "提示", "这是information框！")
        #QMessageBox.question(self, "提示", "这是question框！")
        #QMessageBox.warning(self, "提示", "这是warning框！")
        #QMessageBox.about(self, "提示", "这是about框！")





################################################
#######第二个主界面
################################################
class SecondWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.setWindowTitle(‘第二主界面‘)

        # 设置中间文本
        self.label = QLabel()
        self.label.setText("第二个主界面")
        self.label.setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy(QSizePolicy.Expanding, QSizePolicy.Expanding))
        self.label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.label.setFont(QFont("Roman times", 50, QFont.Bold))
        self.setCentralWidget(self.label)

        # 设置状态栏
        self.statusBar().showMessage("当前用户：一心狮")

        # 窗口最大化
        self.showMaximized()



    ###### 重写关闭事件，回到第一界面
    windowList = []
    def closeEvent(self, event):
        the_window = FirstMainWindow()
        self.windowList.append(the_window)  ##注：没有这句，是不打开另一个主界面的！
        the_window.show()
        event.accept()




################################################
#######对话框
################################################
class demoDialog_t(QDialog):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.setWindowTitle(‘对话框‘)

        ### 设置对话框类型
        self.setWindowFlags(Qt.Tool)





################################################
#######程序入门
################################################
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    the_mainwindow = FirstMainWindow()
    the_mainwindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

View Code

 

参考：

https://www.aliyun.com/jiaocheng/522668.html

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_20265805/article/details/82153143