从 csv 文件中读取 start_urls
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【中文标题】从 csv 文件中读取 start_urls【英文标题】：Reading start_urls from csv file 【发布时间】：2015-05-23 23:44:31 【问题描述】：所以我正在使用scrapy 库开发一个刮刀，作为一种易于使用的东西，我想让它从.csv 文件中抓取它的起始网址。我已经对该主题进行了一些研究，并且我相信它正确地从 .csv 中获取了 url，但是我遇到了一些奇怪的错误。如果有人可以看看并让我知道我做错了什么，那就太好了。我的蜘蛛看起来像这样，而且我的项目非常基本，因为我并没有真正将它用于任何事情。最终，我会将信息存储回项目中，以便将其写回 .csv，但现在我只想让爬网工作。
from scrapy.spider import BaseSpider
from scrapy.contrib.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.contrib.linkextractors.sgml import SgmlLinkExtractor
from scrapy.utils.markup import remove_tags
from scrapy.selector import Selector
from scrapy.selector import htmlXPathSelector
from tutorial.items import BSiteItem
import csv
import sys
class BsiteSPider(CrawlSpider):
name = "Bsite"
l= []
my_file = open("aerospace.csv", "rb")
reader = csv.reader(my_file)
for row in reader:
l.append(row)
print l[0]
start_urls = l[0]
download_delay = 1
rules = [Rule(SgmlLinkExtractor(allow=()), follow=True, callback='parse_item')]
def parse_item(self, response):
text = Selector(response).xpath("//body//text()").re('(\w+)')
for text in text:
newtext = text.encode('utf8')
hxs = HtmlXPathSelector(response)
item = BSiteItem()
if newtext == 'aerospace' or newtext == 'Aerospace' or newtext == 'AEROSPACE':
print 'True'
test = response.url
print test
csv 是一个测试文件，其中包含一个 url，http://www.ballaerospace.com。
我的输出看起来像：
scrapy crawl Bsite
['http://www.ballaerospace.com']
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [scrapy] INFO: Scrapy 0.24.5 started (bot: tutorial)
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [scrapy] INFO: Optional features available: ssl, http11
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [scrapy] INFO: Overridden settings: 'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'tutorial.spiders', 'SPIDER_MODULES': ['tutorial.spiders'], 'BOT_NAME': 'tutorial'
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled extensions: LogStats, TelnetConsole, CloseSpider, WebService, CoreStats, SpiderState
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares: HttpAuthMiddleware, DownloadTimeoutMiddleware, UserAgentMiddleware, RetryMiddleware, DefaultHeadersMiddleware, MetaRefreshMiddleware, HttpCompressionMiddleware, RedirectMiddleware, CookiesMiddleware, ChunkedTransferMiddleware, DownloaderStats
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares: HttpErrorMiddleware, OffsiteMiddleware, RefererMiddleware, UrlLengthMiddleware, DepthMiddleware
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled item pipelines:
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [Bsite] INFO: Spider opened
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [Bsite] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [scrapy] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [scrapy] DEBUG: Web service listening on 127.0.0.1:6080
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [Bsite] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.ballaerospace.com> (referer: None)
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [Bsite] ERROR: Spider error processing <GET http://www.ballaerospace.com>
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/twisted/internet/base.py", line 800, in runUntilCurrent
call.func(*call.args, **call.kw)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/twisted/internet/task.py", line 602, in _tick
taskObj._oneWorkUnit()
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/twisted/internet/task.py", line 479, in _oneWorkUnit
result = self._iterator.next()
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.24.5-py2.7.egg/scrapy/utils/defer.py", line 57, in <genexpr>
work = (callable(elem, *args, **named) for elem in iterable)
--- <exception caught here> ---
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.24.5-py2.7.egg/scrapy/utils/defer.py", line 96, in iter_errback
yield next(it)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.24.5-py2.7.egg/scrapy/contrib/spidermiddleware/offsite.py", line 26, in process_spider_output
for x in result:
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.24.5-py2.7.egg/scrapy/contrib/spidermiddleware/referer.py", line 22, in <genexpr>
return (_set_referer(r) for r in result or ())
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.24.5-py2.7.egg/scrapy/contrib/spidermiddleware/urllength.py", line 33, in <genexpr>
return (r for r in result or () if _filter(r))
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.24.5-py2.7.egg/scrapy/contrib/spidermiddleware/depth.py", line 50, in <genexpr>
return (r for r in result or () if _filter(r))
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.24.5-py2.7.egg/scrapy/contrib/spiders/crawl.py", line 73, in _parse_response
for request_or_item in self._requests_to_follow(response):
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.24.5-py2.7.egg/scrapy/contrib/spiders/crawl.py", line 52, in _requests_to_follow
links = [l for l in rule.link_extractor.extract_links(response) if l not in seen]
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.24.5-py2.7.egg/scrapy/contrib/linkextractors/sgml.py", line 119, in extract_links
links = self._extract_links(body, response.url, response.encoding, base_url)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.24.5-py2.7.egg/scrapy/linkextractor.py", line 94, in _extract_links
return self.link_extractor._extract_links(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.24.5-py2.7.egg/scrapy/contrib/linkextractors/sgml.py", line 28, in _extract_links
self.feed(response_text)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/sgmllib.py", line 104, in feed
self.goahead(0)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/sgmllib.py", line 174, in goahead
k = self.parse_declaration(i)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/markupbase.py", line 96, in parse_declaration
return self.parse_marked_section(i)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/markupbase.py", line 160, in parse_marked_section
self.error('unknown status keyword %r in marked section' % rawdata[i+3:j])
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/sgmllib.py", line 111, in error
raise SGMLParseError(message)
sgmllib.SGMLParseError: unknown status keyword 'Flash ' in marked section
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [Bsite] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [Bsite] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
'downloader/request_bytes': 220,
'downloader/request_count': 1,
'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 1,
'downloader/response_bytes': 13700,
'downloader/response_count': 1,
'downloader/response_status_count/200': 1,
'finish_reason': 'finished',
'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2015, 3, 20, 14, 3, 15, 791776),
'log_count/DEBUG': 3,
'log_count/ERROR': 1,
'log_count/INFO': 7,
'response_received_count': 1,
'scheduler/dequeued': 1,
'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 1,
'scheduler/enqueued': 1,
'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 1,
'spider_exceptions/SGMLParseError': 1,
'start_time': datetime.datetime(2015, 3, 20, 14, 3, 15, 691908)
2015-03-20 10:03:15-0400 [Bsite] INFO: Spider closed (finished)
对可能出现的问题有任何想法吗？
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：问题发生在“提取链接”步骤。
替换：
rules = [Rule(SgmlLinkExtractor(allow=()), follow=True, callback='parse_item')]
与：
rules = [Rule(LinkExtractor(), follow=True, callback='parse_item')]
还有，别忘了导入LinkExtractor：
from scrapy.contrib.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
【讨论】：
这似乎很有魅力，如果找到了航天关键字，您是否有机会为我指出正确的方向，以便转到下一个 start_url？ @sylverfyst 您能否将问题详细说明为一个单独的问题并在此处给我一个链接？谢谢！以上是关于从 csv 文件中读取 start_urls的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章