在Boost.Geometry中将两个多边形组合成一个多边形：只有外点，没有洞

Posted 2023-02-21

【中文标题】在Boost.Geometry中将两个多边形组合成一个多边形：只有外点，没有洞

【英文标题】：Combining two polygons into one polygon in Boost.Geometry: Exterior points only, no holes

【发布时间】：2020-07-05 13:12:45

【问题描述】：

我有两个多边形。我想将它们组合成一个多边形，使其仅包含外部点而没有任何孔。 我该怎么做？几乎没有解释的代码将非常有帮助。谢谢。 请参阅图片以更好地理解。

【参考方案1】：

我认为你可以使用union_ 算法

polygon a, b;
bg::read_wkt("POLYGON((0 0, 5 5, 9 0, 0 0))", a);
bg::read_wkt("POLYGON((5 1, 10 5, 10 -2, 5 1))", b);

std::string reason;
std::cout << std::boolalpha;
std::cout << bg::is_valid(a, reason) << " (" << reason << ")\n";
std::cout << bg::is_valid(b, reason) << " (" << reason << ")\n";

multi_polygon ab;
bg::union_(a, b, ab);

write_svg("union.svg", a, b, ab);

创造

麻烦

当然，用你的第二个例子代替

bg::read_wkt("POLYGON((0 0, 0 5, 3 5, 1 2, 3 0, 0 0))", a);
bg::read_wkt("POLYGON((5 0, 10 5, 14 0, 5 0))", b);

只是单独生成多边形。这是正确答案：

这是正确的，因为没有重叠。像你一样用力将多边形拍打在一起是

任意（你可以通过不同的人工线路加入它们） 无效（生成的多边形是自相交的）

参见例如

for (auto wkt : 
    "POLYGON((0 0, 0 5, 3 5, 1 2, 3 0, 5 0, 10 5, 14 0, 5 0, 3 0, 0 0))",
    "POLYGON((0 0, 0 5, 3 5, 1 2, 3 0, 5 0, 10 5, 14 0, 5 0, 0 0))",
    "POLYGON((0 0, 0 5, 3 5, 1 2, 3 0, 5 0, 10 5, 14 0, 0 0))",
) 
    polygon invalid;
    bg::read_wkt(wkt, invalid);
    std::cout << bg::is_valid(invalid, reason) << " (" << reason << ")\n";

打印

false (Geometry has invalid self-intersections. A self-intersection point was found at (3, 0); method: t; operations: x/i; segment IDs source, multi, ring, segment: 0, -1, -1, 3/0, -1, -1, 8)
false (Geometry has invalid self-intersections. A self-intersection point was found at (3, 0); method: m; operations: x/i; segment IDs source, multi, ring, segment: 0, -1, -1, 3/0, -1, -1, 8)
false (Geometry has invalid self-intersections. A self-intersection point was found at (3, 0); method: m; operations: x/i; segment IDs source, multi, ring, segment: 0, -1, -1, 3/0, -1, -1, 7)

强制问题

不起作用，例如：

polygon force_combine;
bg::append(force_combine, a.outer());
bg::append(force_combine, b.outer());
force_fix(force_combine);

有

template <typename G> void force_fix(G& g) 
    G previous;
    std::string reason;
    do 
        if (bg::is_valid(g, reason))
            return;

        std::cout << "Invalid: " << reason << "\n";
        previous = g;
        bg::correct(g);
     while (!bg::equals(previous, g));
    std::cout << "Warning: could not force_fix\n";

打印

Invalid: Geometry is defined as closed but is open
Warning: could not force_fix

完整的演示代码

Live On Coliru

#include <boost/geometry/geometry.hpp>
#include <boost/geometry/geometries/point_xy.hpp>
#include <boost/geometry/geometries/polygon.hpp>
#include <boost/geometry/geometries/multi_polygon.hpp>
#include <iostream>

namespace bg        = boost::geometry;
namespace bgm       = bg::model;

using point         = bgm::d2::point_xy<double>;
using polygon       = bgm::polygon<point>;
using multi_polygon = bgm::multi_polygon<polygon>;

template <typename G>
    void write_svg(std::string fname, polygon const& a, polygon const& b, G const& g);
template <typename G>
    void force_fix(G& g);

struct  std::string a,b;  const examples[] = 
     "POLYGON((0 0, 5 5, 9 0, 0 0))",
      "POLYGON((5 1, 10 5, 10 -2, 5 1))" ,
     "POLYGON((0 0, 0 5, 3 5, 1 2, 3 0, 0 0))",
      "POLYGON((5 0, 10 5, 14 0, 5 0))"  ;

int main() 
    int n = 0;
    for (auto example : examples) 
        ++n;
        polygon a, b;
        bg::read_wkt(example.a, a);
        bg::read_wkt(example.b, b);

        force_fix(a); // input sanitation if needed
        force_fix(b);

        multi_polygon ab;
        bg::union_(a, b, ab);

        write_svg("example" + std::to_string(n) + ".svg", a, b, ab);
        std::cout << "Example " << n << " is compound? " << (ab.size() > 1) << "\n";
    


#include <fstream>

template <typename G>
void write_svg(std::string fname, polygon const& a, polygon const& b, G const& g) 
    std::ofstream ofs(fname);
    bg::svg_mapper<point> mapper(ofs, 400, 400);

    mapper.add(g);
    mapper.map(g, "fill-opacity:0.1;fill:rgb(100,0,0);stroke:rgb(200,0,0);stroke-width:2", 5);

    mapper.add(a);
    mapper.map(a, "fill-opacity:0.01;fill:rgb(0,100,0);stroke:rgb(0,200,0);stroke-width:1;stroke-dasharray:4", 5);

    mapper.add(b);
    mapper.map(b, "fill-opacity:0.01;fill:rgb(0,0,100);stroke:rgb(0,0,200);stroke-width:1;stroke-dasharray:4", 5);


template <typename G> void force_fix(G& g) 
    G previous;
    std::string reason;
    do 
        if (bg::is_valid(g, reason))
            return;

        std::cout << "Invalid: " << reason << "\n";
        previous = g;
        bg::correct(g);
     while (!bg::equals(previous, g));
    std::cout << "Warning: could not force_fix\n";

打印

Example 1 is compound? 0
Example 2 is compound? 1

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