分页器
Django内置分页器（paginator）
分页器函数为paginator，里面有几个重要的参数需要我们了解
paginator = Paginator(book_list, 10) #第二个参数表示每页显示的数量 paginator.count) #数据总数 paginator.num_pages #总页数 paginator.page_range #页码的列表 page1=paginator.page(1) #第1页的page对象 for i in page1: #遍历第1页的所有数据对象 print(i) print(page1.object_list) #第1页的所有数据 page2=paginator.page(2) print(page2.has_next()) #是否有下一页，返回布尔值 print(page2.next_page_number()) #下一页的页码 print(page2.has_previous()) #是否有上一页，返回布尔值 print(page2.previous_page_number()) #上一页的页码 # 不存在时会抛错 #page=paginator.page(12) # error:EmptyPage #page=paginator.page("z") # error:PageNotAnInteger
在views中：
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse from app01.models import * from django.core.paginator import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnInteger def index(request): ‘‘‘ 这里我们伪造数据库的数据，假设从数据库获得了100条数据 批量导入数据: Booklist=[] for i in range(100): Booklist.append(Book(title="book"+str(i),price=30+i*i)) Book.objects.bulk_create(Booklist) ‘‘‘ ‘‘‘ 分页器的使用: book_list=Book.objects.all() #得到所有的数据 paginator = Paginator(book_list, 10) #第二个参数表示每页显示的数量 print("count:",paginator.count) #数据总数 print("num_pages",paginator.num_pages) #总页数 print("page_range",paginator.page_range) #页码的列表 page1=paginator.page(1) #第1页的page对象 for i in page1: #遍历第1页的所有数据对象 print(i) print(page1.object_list) #第1页的所有数据 page2=paginator.page(2) print(page2.has_next()) #是否有下一页，返回布尔值 print(page2.next_page_number()) #下一页的页码 print(page2.has_previous()) #是否有上一页，返回布尔值 print(page2.previous_page_number()) #上一页的页码 # 不存在时会抛错 #page=paginator.page(12) # error:EmptyPage #page=paginator.page("z") # error:PageNotAnInteger ‘‘‘ book_list=Book.objects.all() paginator = Paginator(book_list, 10) page = request.GET.get(‘page‘,1) #前端传的页码数，默认值为1 currentPage=int(page) try: print(page) book_list = paginator.page(page) except PageNotAnInteger: book_list = paginator.page(1) #页码数部位数字时报错，跳转到第一页 except EmptyPage: book_list = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages) #超过最大时显示最后一页 return render(request,"index.html",{"book_list":book_list,"paginator":paginator,"currentPage":currentPage})
在template下的index.html中：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <h4>分页器</h4> <ul> {% for book in book_list %} <li>{{ book.title }} -----{{ book.price }}</li> {% endfor %} </ul> <ul class="pagination" id="pager"> {% if book_list.has_previous %} <li class="previous"><a href="/index/?page={{ book_list.previous_page_number }}">上一页</a></li> {% else %} <li class="previous disabled"><a href="#">上一页</a></li> {% endif %} {% for num in paginator.page_range %} {% if num == currentPage %} <li class="item active"><a href="/index/?page={{ num }}">{{ num }}</a></li> {% else %} <li class="item"><a href="/index/?page={{ num }}">{{ num }}</a></li> {% endif %} {% endfor %} {% if book_list.has_next %} <li class="next"><a href="/index/?page={{ book_list.next_page_number }}">下一页</a></li> {% else %} <li class="next disabled"><a href="#">下一页</a></li> {% endif %} </ul> </div> </body> </html>
内置分页器的扩展
当数据量特别多造成分页显示页码也特别多的情况下（比如总共有100页），我们就不能把所有的页码展示出来了，不然网页会显得不好看，这时我们就需要将上面的代码进行优化
def index(request): book_list=Book.objects.all() paginator = Paginator(book_list, 15) page = request.GET.get(‘page‘,1) currentPage=int(page) # 如果页数十分多时，换另外一种显示方式 if paginator.num_pages>30: if currentPage-5<1: pageRange=range(1,11) #1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 elif currentPage+5>paginator.num_pages: pageRange=range(currentPage-5,paginator.num_pages+1)#91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 else: pageRange=range(currentPage-5,currentPage+5) #23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 else: pageRange=paginator.page_range#总页数小于30时就全部显示 try: print(page) book_list = paginator.page(page) except PageNotAnInteger: book_list = paginator.page(1) except EmptyPage: book_list = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages) return render(request,"index.html",locals())
自定义分页器
""" 分页组件使用示例： obj = Pagination(request.GET.get(‘page‘,1),len(USER_LIST),request.path_info) page_user_list = USER_LIST[obj.start:obj.end] page_html = obj.page_html() return render(request,‘index.html‘,{‘users‘:page_user_list,‘page_html‘:page_html}) """ class Pagination(object): def __init__(self,current_page,all_count,base_url,per_page_num=2,pager_count=11): """ 封装分页相关数据 :param current_page: 当前页 :param all_count: 数据库中的数据总条数 :param per_page_num: 每页显示的数据条数 :param base_url: 分页中显示的URL前缀 :param pager_count: 最多显示的页码个数 """ try: current_page = int(current_page) except Exception as e: current_page = 1 if current_page <1: current_page = 1 self.current_page = current_page self.all_count = all_count self.per_page_num = per_page_num self.base_url = base_url # 总页码 all_pager, tmp = divmod(all_count, per_page_num) if tmp: all_pager += 1 self.all_pager = all_pager self.pager_count = pager_count self.pager_count_half = int((pager_count - 1) / 2) @property def start(self): return (self.current_page - 1) * self.per_page_num @property def end(self): return self.current_page * self.per_page_num def page_html(self): # 如果总页码 < 11个： if self.all_pager <= self.pager_count: pager_start = 1 pager_end = self.all_pager + 1 # 总页码 > 11 else: # 当前页如果<=页面上最多显示11/2个页码 if self.current_page <= self.pager_count_half: pager_start = 1 pager_end = self.pager_count + 1 # 当前页大于5 else: # 页码翻到最后 if (self.current_page + self.pager_count_half) > self.all_pager: pager_end = self.all_pager + 1 pager_start = self.all_pager - self.pager_count + 1 else: pager_start = self.current_page - self.pager_count_half pager_end = self.current_page + self.pager_count_half + 1 page_html_list = [] first_page = ‘<li><a href="%s?page=%s">首页</a></li>‘ % (self.base_url,1,) page_html_list.append(first_page) if self.current_page <= 1: prev_page = ‘<li class="disabled"><a href="#">上一页</a></li>‘ else: prev_page = ‘<li><a href="%s?page=%s">上一页</a></li>‘ % (self.base_url,self.current_page - 1,) page_html_list.append(prev_page) for i in range(pager_start, pager_end): if i == self.current_page: temp = ‘<li class="active"><a href="%s?page=%s">%s</a></li>‘ % (self.base_url,i, i,) else: temp = ‘<li><a href="%s?page=%s">%s</a></li>‘ % (self.base_url,i, i,) page_html_list.append(temp) if self.current_page >= self.all_pager: next_page = ‘<li class="disabled"><a href="#">下一页</a></li>‘ else: next_page = ‘<li><a href="%s?page=%s">下一页</a></li>‘ % (self.base_url,self.current_page + 1,) page_html_list.append(next_page) last_page = ‘<li><a href="%s?page=%s">尾页</a></li>‘ % (self.base_url,self.all_pager,) page_html_list.append(last_page) return ‘‘.join(page_html_list)
中间件