Python生成随机验证码,需要使用PIL模块.
安装:
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pip3 install pillow |
基本使用
1. 创建图片
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from PIL import Image img = Image.new(mode = ‘RGB‘ , size = ( 120 , 30 ), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) # 在图片查看器中打开 # img.show() # 保存在本地 with open ( ‘code.png‘ , ‘wb‘ ) as f: img.save(f, format = ‘png‘ ) |
2. 创建画笔,用于在图片上画任意内容
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img = Image.new(mode = ‘RGB‘ , size = ( 120 , 30 ), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode = ‘RGB‘ ) |
3. 画点
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img = Image.new(mode = ‘RGB‘ , size = ( 120 , 30 ), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode = ‘RGB‘ ) # 第一个参数:表示坐标 # 第二个参数:表示颜色 draw.point([ 100 , 100 ], fill = "red" ) draw.point([ 300 , 300 ], fill = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) |
4. 画线
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img = Image.new(mode = ‘RGB‘ , size = ( 120 , 30 ), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode = ‘RGB‘ ) # 第一个参数:表示起始坐标和结束坐标 # 第二个参数:表示颜色 draw.line(( 100 , 100 , 100 , 300 ), fill = ‘red‘ ) draw.line(( 100 , 100 , 300 , 100 ), fill = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) |
5. 画圆
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img = Image.new(mode = ‘RGB‘ , size = ( 120 , 30 ), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode = ‘RGB‘ ) # 第一个参数:表示起始坐标和结束坐标(圆要画在其中间) # 第二个参数:表示开始角度 # 第三个参数:表示结束角度 # 第四个参数:表示颜色 draw.arc(( 100 , 100 , 300 , 300 ), 0 , 90 ,fill = "red" ) |
6. 写文本
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img = Image.new(mode = ‘RGB‘ , size = ( 120 , 30 ), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode = ‘RGB‘ ) # 第一个参数:表示起始坐标 # 第二个参数:表示写入内容 # 第三个参数:表示颜色 draw.text([ 0 , 0 ], ‘python‘ , "red" ) |
7. 特殊字体文字
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img = Image.new(mode = ‘RGB‘ , size = ( 120 , 30 ), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode = ‘RGB‘ ) # 第一个参数:表示字体文件路径 # 第二个参数:表示字体大小 font = ImageFont.truetype( "kumo.ttf" , 28 ) # 第一个参数:表示起始坐标 # 第二个参数:表示写入内容 # 第三个参数:表示颜色 # 第四个参数:表示颜色 draw.text([ 0 , 0 ], ‘python‘ , "red" , font = font) |
图片验证码
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import random def check_code(width = 120 , height = 30 , char_length = 5 , font_file = ‘kumo.ttf‘ , font_size = 28 ): code = [] img = Image.new(mode = ‘RGB‘ , size = (width, height), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode = ‘RGB‘ ) def rndChar(): """ 生成随机字母 :return: """ return chr (random.randint( 65 , 90 )) def rndColor(): """ 生成随机颜色 :return: """ return (random.randint( 0 , 255 ), random.randint( 10 , 255 ), random.randint( 64 , 255 )) # 写文字 font = ImageFont.truetype(font_file, font_size) for i in range (char_length): char = rndChar() code.append(char) h = random.randint( 0 , 4 ) draw.text([i * width / char_length, h], char, font = font, fill = rndColor()) # 写干扰点 for i in range ( 40 ): draw.point([random.randint( 0 , width), random.randint( 0 , height)], fill = rndColor()) # 写干扰圆圈 for i in range ( 40 ): draw.point([random.randint( 0 , width), random.randint( 0 , height)], fill = rndColor()) x = random.randint( 0 , width) y = random.randint( 0 , height) draw.arc((x, y, x + 4 , y + 4 ), 0 , 90 , fill = rndColor()) # 画干扰线 for i in range ( 5 ): x1 = random.randint( 0 , width) y1 = random.randint( 0 , height) x2 = random.randint( 0 , width) y2 = random.randint( 0 , height) draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill = rndColor()) img = img. filter (ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) return img,‘‘.join(code) if __name__ = = ‘__main__‘ : # 1. 直接打开 # img,code = check_code() # img.show() # 2. 写入文件 # img,code = check_code() # with open(‘code.png‘,‘wb‘) as f: # img.save(f,format=‘png‘) # 3. 写入内存(Python3) # from io import BytesIO # stream = BytesIO() # img.save(stream, ‘png‘) # stream.getvalue() # 4. 写入内存(Python2) # import StringIO # stream = StringIO.StringIO() # img.save(stream, ‘png‘) # stream.getvalue() pass |