VBScript基础篇

Posted 2020-10-21

VBScript学习笔记

本文参考：VBS基础教程。学习了vbs的基础语法，进行了一些练习，下面是我编写的demo。

1.输入输出

vbs01.vbs

• REM和‘单引号作用都是用于注释，相当于c语言中"//"。
• Dim用来声明变量，vbs支持动态数据类型，即不用事先声明变量的类型。
• Inputbox作用是打开对话框，获取用户输入，它返回的数据类型是字符串，Msgbox则用于显示。

REM 输入姓名并回显

Dim name
Dim msg

msg = "please input your name:"
name = Inputbox(msg, "Inputbox", "zhangsan") ‘param1是提示用户的语句，param2是对话框标题，param3是输入栏默认值。
Msgbox name

vbs02.vbs

REM 输入长方形的长和宽，计算其面积并输出

Dim width, length, area
Dim prompt

prompt = "please input width:"
width = Inputbox(prompt)
prompt = "please input length:"
length = Inputbox(prompt)
area = width * length

Msgbox area

vbs03.vbs

REM 输入圆的半径，计算圆面积并输出

const PI = 3.14 ‘const关键字限制PI在之后的程序中无法被修改
Dim r, area
Dim prompt

prompt = "please input r:"
r = Inputbox(prompt)
area = PI * r^2 ‘ “^”代表n的几次方，c语言中代表xor（异或）。

Msgbox area

2.条件控制语句

vbs04.vbs

REM 学习条件控制语句

Dim num1, num2
Dim prompt

prompt = "please input num1:"
num1 = CDbl(Inputbox(prompt)) ‘CDbl用于将返回值数据类型转换为数字（整形或浮点型）
prompt = "please input num2:"
num2 = CDbl(Inputbox(prompt))

if num1 > num2 then
    Msgbox "num1 > num2"
else if num1 = num2 then
    Msgbox "num1 = num2"
else
    Msgbox "num1 < num2"
end if
end if

注：if和end if数量要一致，否则会造成语法错误。

vbs05.vbs

REM 学习switch和case结构

Dim n
Dim prompt

prompt = "please input a num between 1 and 3"
n = int(Inputbox(prompt))

select case n
    case 1
        Msgbox "happy"
    case 2
        Msgbox "lucky"
    case 3
        Msgbox "nervous"
    case else
        Msgbox "input error"
end select

3.循环语句(do...loop，do while...loop，do...loop while，for...next)

vbs06.vbs

REM 学习循环语句(do...loop),由用户输入密码，如果认证失败则让用户继续输入

const PWD = "123456"
dim passwd

do
    passwd = Inputbox("please input your password:")
    if PWD = passwd then
        Msgbox "auth success!"
        exit do
    end if
loop

vbs07.vbs

REM 学习循环语句(do...loop),由用户输入密码，如果认证失败则让用户继续输入，认证次数上限为3次

const LIMIT = 3
const PWD = "admin_123"

Dim count, passwd

count = 0
do
    passwd = Inputbox("please input your password")
    if PWD = passwd then
        Msgbox PWD
        exit do
    end if
    count = count + 1
    if count >= LIMIT then
        Msgbox "wrong times too many!"
        exit do
    end if

loop

vbs08.vbs

REM 学习循环语句(do...while),由用户输入密码，如果认证失败则让用户继续输入，认证次数上限为3次

const LIMIT = 3
const PWD = "admin_123"

Dim count, passwd

count = 0
do while count < LIMIT
    passwd = Inputbox("please input your password")
    if PWD = passwd then
        Msgbox PWD
        exit do
    end if
    count = count + 1
    ‘Msgbox "wrong times " + cstr(count) ‘cstr函数将数字转换为字符串
    MsgBox "wrong times " & count ‘"&"用于连接字符串
loop

vbs09.vbs

REM 学习循环语句(for...next)

Dim i, j

i = 0
j = 0

for i = 1 to 9
    for j = 1 to 9
        str = str & i * j & " "
    next
    str = str & vbCrlf ‘vbCrlf相当于回车键
next
    Msgbox str

4.一维数组

vbs10.vbs

REM 学习数组使用

Dim str(2), i ‘定义数组str，括号内数字为2，但实际数组大小为3，因为下标是从0开始计算
Dim ret

for i = 0 to 2
    str(i) = InputBox("please input any string")
    ret = ret & str(i) & " "
next
MsgBox ret

5.函数

vbs11.vbs

REM 函数学习(function)

function Max(a, b)
    if a > b then
        Max = a ‘通过将变量值赋值给函数名传递函数返回值
    else
        Max = b
    end if
end function

Dim a, b
a = int(InputBox("please input a number:"))
b = int(InputBox("please input a number:"))
MsgBox "The bigger number is " & Max(a, b)