金庸武功之““兰花拂穴手””--elk5.5安装

Posted 2020-10-02

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ELK是Elasticsearch、Logstash、Kibana的简称，这三者是核心套件，但并非全部。

Elasticsearch是实时全文搜索和分析引擎，提供搜集、分析、存储数据三大功能；是一套开放REST和JAVA API等结构提供高效搜索功能，可扩展的分布式系统。它构建于Apache Lucene搜索引擎库之上。

Logstash是一个用来搜集、分析、过滤日志的工具。它支持几乎任何类型的日志，包括系统日志、错误日志和自定义应用程序日志。它可以从许多来源接收日志，这些来源包括 syslog、消息传递（例如 RabbitMQ）和JMX，它能够以多种方式输出数据，包括电子邮件、websockets和Elasticsearch。

Kibana是一个基于Web的图形界面，用于搜索、分析和可视化存储在 Elasticsearch指标中的日志数据。它利用Elasticsearch的REST接口来检索数据，不仅允许用户创建他们自己的数据的定制仪表板视图，还允许他们以特殊的方式查询和过滤数据

一.环境准备

关闭Selinux

关闭防火墙

Centos7.2 mini

A: 192.168.1.241 es && kibana

B: 192.168.1.242 logstach

C: 192.168.1.243 redis

D: 192.168.1.221 Filebeat代理 (client):将其日志发送到Logstash的客户端服务器

每台服务器都安装Java环境，1.8以上 jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm

rpm -ivh jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm

[[email protected] java]# java -version

java version "1.8.0_131"

Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_131-b11)

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.131-b11, mixed mode)

[[email protected] java]# which java

/usr/bin/java

这里说明下，用rpm包方式安装的Java 默认的安装路径是在/usr/java下，要记住：

vi /etc/profile

JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131

JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131/jre

PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin

CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib

source /etc/profile

二.安装logsstach

在服务器B上：

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/elasticsearch.repo #增加ELK源

[logstash-5.x]

name=Elastic repository for 5.x packages

baseurl=https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/5.x/yum

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch

enabled=1

autorefresh=1

type=rpm-md

yum makecache

yum install logstash -y # logstash-5.5.1

cd /usr/share/logstash

bin/logstash -e ‘input{stdin{}}output{stdout{codec=>rubydebug}}‘

[[email protected] logstash]# bin/logstash -e ‘input{stdin{}}output{stdout{codec=>rubydebug}}‘

ERROR StatusLogger No log4j2 configuration file found. Using default configuration: logging only errors to the console.

WARNING: Could not find logstash.yml which is typically located in $LS_HOME/config or /etc/logstash. You can specify the path using --path.settings. Continuing using the defaults

Could not find log4j2 configuration at path //usr/share/logstash/config/log4j2.properties. Using default config which logs to console

09:36:20.791 [[main]-pipeline-manager] INFO logstash.pipeline - Starting pipeline {"id"=>"main", "pipeline.workers"=>1, "pipeline.batch.size"=>125, "pipeline.batch.delay"=>5, "pipeline.max_inflight"=>125}

09:36:20.899 [[main]-pipeline-manager] INFO logstash.pipeline - Pipeline main started

The stdin plugin is now waiting for input:

09:36:21.008 [Api Webserver] INFO logstash.agent - Successfully started Logstash API endpoint {:port=>9600}

hello world

{

"@timestamp" => 2017-08-12T01:36:29.687Z,

"@version" => "1",

"host" => "0.0.0.0",

"message" => "hello world"

}

出现红色字体的报错忽略即可，logstash.agent - Successfully started Logstash API endpoint {:port=>9600}出现后，输入hello world 即可。

修改环境变量：

vi /etc/profile.d/logstash.sh

export PATH=/usr/share/logstash/bin:$PATH

source /etc/profile

logstash 命令可以顺便使用了

logstash -e ‘input{stdin{}}output{stdout{codec=>rubydebug}}‘

创建简单配置文件：

vi /etc/logstash/conf.d/sample.conf

input {

stdin {}

}

output {

stdout {

codec => rubydebug

}

[[email protected] conf.d]# logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/sample.conf #启动

三.安装es && kibana

在服务器A上：

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/elasticsearch.repo

[elasticsearch-5.x]

name=Elasticsearch repository for 5.x packages

baseurl=https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/5.x/yum

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch

enabled=1

autorefresh=1

type=rpm-md

yum makecache

yum install elasticsearch -y

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl enable elasticsearch.service

systemctl start elasticsearch.service

[[email protected] bin]# ./elasticsearch

Exception in thread "main" org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.BootstrapException: java.nio.file.NoSuchFileException: /usr/share/elasticsearch/config

Likely root cause: java.nio.file.NoSuchFileException: /usr/share/elasticsearch/config

at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.translateToIOException(UnixException.java:86)

at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:102)

at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:107)

at sun.nio.fs.UnixFileAttributeViews$Basic.readAttributes(UnixFileAttributeViews.java:55)

at sun.nio.fs.UnixFileSystemProvider.readAttributes(UnixFileSystemProvider.java:144)

at sun.nio.fs.LinuxFileSystemProvider.readAttributes(LinuxFileSystemProvider.java:99)

at java.nio.file.Files.readAttributes(Files.java:1737)

at java.nio.file.FileTreeWalker.getAttributes(FileTreeWalker.java:225)

at java.nio.file.FileTreeWalker.visit(FileTreeWalker.java:276)

at java.nio.file.FileTreeWalker.walk(FileTreeWalker.java:322)

at java.nio.file.Files.walkFileTree(Files.java:2662)

at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configure(LogConfigurator.java:150)

at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configure(LogConfigurator.java:122)

at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:316)

at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:123)

at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:114)

at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:67)

at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:122)

at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:88)

at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91)

at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84)

Refer to the log for complete error details.

这个错误我觉得主要是因为找不到配置文件,但是如果你直接在安装目录里去启动elasticsearch的话，elasticsearch只会在当前目录找config文件夹，如果安装成service的形式应该是可以找到配置文件，但我没去尝试，后面试试。

问题知道了，我们可以直接把/etc目录下的elasticsearch配置文件copy过来：

 cp -r /etc/elasticsearch /usr/share/elasticsearch/config

这个时候我们再启动就不会报刚才的错误了，我们再试一遍：
bin/elasticsearch

意料之中，这时候会提示以下错误：

        at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:125) ~[elasticsearch-5.1.2.jar:5.1.2]
        at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:112) ~[elasticsearch-5.1.2.jar:5.1.2]
        at org.elasticsearch.cli.SettingCommand.execute(SettingCommand.java:54) ~[elasticsearch-5.1.2.jar:5.1.2]
        at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:122) ~[elasticsearch-5.1.2.jar:5.1.2]
        at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:88) ~[elasticsearch-5.1.2.jar:5.1.2]
        at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:89) ~[elasticsearch-5.1.2.jar:5.1.2]
        at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:82) ~[elasticsearch-5.1.2.jar:5.1.2]
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
        at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:100) ~[elasticsearch-5.1.2.jar:5.1.2]
        at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:176) ~[elasticsearch-5.1.2.jar:5.1.2]
        at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:306) ~[elasticsearch-5.1.2.jar:5.1.2]
        at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:121) ~[elasticsearch-5.1.2.jar:5.1.2]
        ... 6 more

这个错误的原因是elasticsearch不允许使用root启动，因此我们要解决这个问题需要新建一个用户来启动elasticsearch(参考：https://my.oschina.net/topeagle/blog/591451?fromerr=mzOr2qzZ)

具体操作如下：

  ~ groupadd elsearch
  ~ useradd elsearch -g elsearch -p elsearch
  ~ cd /usr/share  
   chown -R elsearch:elsearch elasticsearch 
  su elsearch

这个时候在这个用户去启动elasticsearch，一般情况下这个时候就能成功起来了，可能还会出现一些错误，如：

hcw-X450VC% ./elasticsearch2017-01-17 21:03:31,158 main ERROR Could not register mbeans java.security.AccessControlException: access denied ("javax.management.MBeanTrustPermission" "register")    at java.security.AccessControlContext.checkPermission(AccessControlContext.java:472)    at java.lang.SecurityManager.checkPermission(SecurityManager.java:585)    at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.checkMBeanTrustPermission(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:1848)    at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.registerMBean(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:322)    at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.registerMBean(JmxMBeanServer.java:522)    at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.Server.register(Server.java:389)    at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.Server.reregisterMBeansAfterReconfigure(Server.java:167)    at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.Server.reregisterMBeansAfterReconfigure(Server.java:140)    at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.setConfiguration(LoggerContext.java:541)    at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.start(LoggerContext.java:258)    at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.Log4jContextFactory.getContext(Log4jContextFactory.java:206)    at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.Configurator.initialize(Configurator.java:220)    at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.Configurator.initialize(Configurator.java:197)    at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configureStatusLogger(LogConfigurator.java:125)    at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configureWithoutConfig(LogConfigurator.java:67)    at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:85)    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:89)    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:82)

这是因为elasticsearch需要读写配置文件，我们需要给予config文件夹权限，上面新建了elsearch用户，elsearch用户不具备读写权限，因此还是会报错，解决方法是切换到管理员账户，赋予权限即可：

sudo -i
chmod -R 775 config

这个时候就可以起来了，来看看效果：

[[email protected] ~]# curl 127.0.0.1:9200

{

"name" : "tZhA-Rw",

"cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",

"cluster_uuid" : "OzC1IJd3Sg66bwDv7AAUHw",

"version" : {

"number" : "5.5.1",

"build_hash" : "19c13d0",

"build_date" : "2017-07-18T20:44:24.823Z",

"build_snapshot" : false,

"lucene_version" : "6.6.0"

"tagline" : "You Know, for Search"

这里如果想开房外网访问：

http://192.168.1.241:9200

{
  "name" : "qO-BHYV",
  "cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
  "cluster_uuid" : "7nmo0Io_SDOQ5Gt7AV7fjw",
  "version" : {
    "number" : "5.5.1",
    "build_hash" : "19c13d0",
    "build_date" : "2017-07-18T20:44:24.823Z",
    "build_snapshot" : false,
    "lucene_version" : "6.6.0"
  },
  "tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}

需要修改/etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml这个文件（虽然前面我们复制它到了/usr/share/elasticsearch/config）下了，但配置文件生效的确是/etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml

这点要特别的注意：

cluster.name: ptsearch # 组名（同一个组，组名必须一致）

node.name: yunwei-ts-100-70 # 节点名称，建议和主机名一致

path.data: /data/elasticsearch # 数据存放的路径

path.logs: /var/log/elasticsearch/ # 日志存放的路径

bootstrap.mlockall: true # 锁住内存，不被使用到交换分区去

network.host: 0.0.0.0 # 网络设置

http.port: 9200 # 端口

discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["172.16.100.71","172.16.100.111"] #手动发现节点,写本机之外的集群节点IP地址

discovery.zen.ping.multicast.enabled: false #关闭多播模式

```