Cisco之OSPF
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OSPF网络架构如下：
R1的配置：
R1(config)#router ospf 100
R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 10.1.1.4 0.0.0.3 area 1
R2的配置：
R2(config)#router ospf 100
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config-router)#network 10.1.1.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 10.1.1.12 0.0.0.3 area 1
R3的配置：
R3(config)#router ospf 100
R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
R3(config-router)#network 10.1.1.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R4的配置：
R4(config)#router ospf 100
R4(config-router)#router-id 4.4.4.4
R4(config-router)#network 10.1.1.4 0.0.0.3 area 1
R4(config-router)#network 10.1.1.12 0.0.0.3 area 1
R4(config-router)#network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
显示路由器的路由协议信息：
R1#sh ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 100"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 1.1.1.1
It is an area border router
Number of areas in this router is 2. 2 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
10.1.1.4 0.0.0.3 area 1
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
4.4.4.4 110 00:14:48
2.2.2.2 110 00:14:48
3.3.3.3 110 00:17:19
Distance: (default is 110)
查看路由表：
R1#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 172.16.1.1 [110/2] via 10.1.1.6, 00:03:55, FastEthernet1/0
10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O 10.1.1.8 [110/2] via 10.1.1.1, 00:06:26, FastEthernet0/0
O 10.1.1.12 [110/2] via 10.1.1.6, 00:03:55, FastEthernet1/0
C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 10.1.1.4 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
192.168.1.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 192.168.1.1 [110/2] via 10.1.1.1, 00:06:26, FastEthernet0/0
仅显示与OSPF相关的路由信息：
R1#sh ip route ospf
172.16.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 172.16.1.1 [110/2] via 10.1.1.6, 00:17:27, FastEthernet1/0
10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O 10.1.1.8 [110/2] via 10.1.1.1, 00:19:58, FastEthernet0/0
O 10.1.1.12 [110/2] via 10.1.1.6, 00:17:27, FastEthernet1/0
192.168.1.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 192.168.1.1 [110/2] via 10.1.1.1, 00:19:58, FastEthernet0/0
验证网络是否畅通：
R3#ping 172.16.1.1 source 192.168.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 192.168.1.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 52/66/76 ms
查看邻接关系：
R1#sh ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
3.3.3.3 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:34 10.1.1.1 FastEthernet0/0
4.4.4.4 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:32 10.1.1.6 FastEthernet1/0
R3#sh ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
2.2.2.2 1 FULL/DR 00:00:33 10.1.1.10 FastEthernet1/0
1.1.1.1 1 FULL/DR 00:00:35 10.1.1.2 FastEthernet0/0
查看接口是否加入正确的区域：
R1#sh ip ospf interface
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 10.1.1.2/30, Area 0
Process ID 100, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 10.1.1.2
Backup Designated router (ID) 3.3.3.3, Interface address 10.1.1.1
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:07
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3 (Backup Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
FastEthernet1/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 10.1.1.5/30, Area 1
Process ID 100, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 10.1.1.5
Backup Designated router (ID) 4.4.4.4, Interface address 10.1.1.6
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:06
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Index 1/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 4.4.4.4 (Backup Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
查看OSPF数据库：
R1#sh ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 100)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 1390 0x80000003 0x00AD5E 1
2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 1373 0x80000003 0x0022D1 1
3.3.3.3 3.3.3.3 1367 0x80000005 0x00083C 3
Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
10.1.1.2 1.1.1.1 1390 0x80000001 0x007AA0
10.1.1.10 2.2.2.2 1374 0x80000001 0x002EDC
Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
10.1.1.4 1.1.1.1 1749 0x80000001 0x00A189
10.1.1.4 2.2.2.2 1218 0x80000001 0x008D98
10.1.1.12 1.1.1.1 1225 0x80000001 0x005BC6
10.1.1.12 2.2.2.2 1507 0x80000001 0x0033EB
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