初识Quartz
Posted kabibo
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首先需要一个任务:
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package quartz_project; import java.util.Date; import org.quartz.Job; import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext; import org.quartz.JobExecutionException; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; /** * 一个简单的任务:打印Hello World * * @author caijw */ public class HelloJob implements Job { private static Logger _log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloJob. class ); @Override public void execute(JobExecutionContext ctx) throws JobExecutionException { //打印Hello World! - 当前日期 _log.info( "Hello World! - " + new Date()); } } |
由上面代码可以看出,任务类要实现job接口,在execute方法中是任务的具体实现。
然后设定调度策略:
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package quartz_project; import java.util.Date; import org.quartz.DateBuilder; import org.quartz.JobBuilder; import org.quartz.JobDetail; import org.quartz.Scheduler; import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory; import org.quartz.Trigger; import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder; import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; /** * 该例子将: * 1. 展示何如开始和结束quartz的调用器(scheduler), * 2. 展示在quartz中,调度器是如何运行作业(job)的。 * * @author caijw */ public class SimpleExample { public void run() throws Exception { Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleExample. class ); log.info( "----- Initializing --------" ); //第一步我们必须获取一个调度器 SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory(); Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler(); log.info( "----- Initialization complete -------" ); //作业的执行时间(这里需要注意,下面详细说明) Date runTime = DateBuilder.evenMinuteDate( new Date()); log.info( "----- scheduling job --------" ); //创建一项作业 JobDetail job = JobBuilder.newJob(HelloJob. class ) .withIdentity( "job1" , "group1" ) .build(); //创建一个触发器 Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger() .withIdentity( "trigger1" , "group1" ) .startAt(runTime).build(); //该触发器将在runTime时执行作业 //告诉调度器使用该触发器来安排作业 sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger); log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + runTime); sched.start(); //启动调度器 log.info( "------ started scheduler -------" ); log.info( "------ waiting 65 seconds ------" ); try { Thread.sleep(65L * 1000L); } catch (Exception e) { log.error(e.getMessage(), e); } log.info( "------- shutting down ------" ); sched.shutdown(); //关闭调度器 log.info( "------- shutdown complete -------" ); } } |
注意:
1. Date runTime = DateBuilder.evenMinuteDate(new Date()); //当前时间的下一分钟
假如JVM在执行到这一句时,时间为17:23:22,那么runTime就是17:24:00
DateBuilder类似的方法:
2. 并不是把Job的实例注册到Scheduler中,而是JobDetail的实例。
3. Scheduler 实例被关闭之后你就不能调用它的 start() 方法了。这是因为 shutdown() 方法销毁了为 Scheduler 创建的所有的资源(线程,数据库连接等)。假如你在 shutdown() 之后调用 start()你将收到 SchedulerException 的异常。
4. Job 的实例要到该执行它们的时候才会实例化出来。每次 Job 被执行,一个新的 Job 实例会被创建(延迟加载的思想)。所以Job 不必担心线程安全性,因为同一时刻仅有一个线程去执行给定 Job 类的实例,甚至是并发执行同一 Job 也是如此。
Maven的配置文件:
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< project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> < modelVersion >4.0.0</ modelVersion > < groupId >quartz_project</ groupId > < artifactId >quartz_project</ artifactId > < version >0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</ version > < packaging >jar</ packaging > < name >quartz_project</ name > < url >http://maven.apache.org</ url > < properties > < project.build.sourceEncoding >UTF-8</ project.build.sourceEncoding > </ properties > < dependencies > < dependency > < groupId >org.slf4j</ groupId > < artifactId >slf4j-log4j12</ artifactId > < version >1.6.1</ version > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >log4j</ groupId > < artifactId >log4j</ artifactId > < version >1.2.16</ version > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >org.quartz-scheduler</ groupId > < artifactId >quartz</ artifactId > < version >2.1.1</ version > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >junit</ groupId > < artifactId >junit</ artifactId > < version >4.10</ version > < scope >test</ scope > </ dependency > </ dependencies > </ project > |
单元测试类:
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package quartz_project; import org.junit.Test; /** * 单元测试 * * @author caijw */ public class SimpleExampleTest { @Test public void testRun() throws Exception { SimpleExample example = new SimpleExample(); example.run(); } } |
执行结果分析:
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------------------------------------------------------- T E S T S ------------------------------------------------------- Running quartz_project.SimpleExampleTest [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:16.359 下午 main [quartz_project.SimpleExample] ----- Initializing -------- [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:16.437 下午 main [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory] Using default implementation for ThreadExecutor [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:16.437 下午 main [org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool] Job execution threads will use class loader of thread: main [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:16.468 下午 main [org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl] Initialized Scheduler Signaller of type : class org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:16.468 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Quartz Scheduler v .2.1.1 created. [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:16.468 下午 main [org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore] RAMJobStore initialized. [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:16.468 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Scheduler meta-data: Quartz Scheduler (v2.1.1) ‘DefaultQuartzScheduler‘ with instanceId ‘NON_CLUSTERED‘ Scheduler class: ‘org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler‘ - running locally. NOT STARTED. Currently in standby mode. Number of jobs executed: 0 Using thread pool ‘org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool‘ - with 10 threads. Using job-store ‘org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore‘ - which does not support persistence. and is not clustered. [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:16.468 下午 main [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory] Quartz scheduler ‘DefaultQuartzScheduler‘ initialized from default resource file in Quartz package: ‘quartz.properties‘ [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:16.468 下午 main [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory] Quartz scheduler version: 2.1.1 [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:16.468 下午 main [quartz_project.SimpleExample] ----- Initialization complete ------- [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:16.484 下午 main [quartz_project.SimpleExample] ----- scheduling job -------- [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:16.500 下午 main [quartz_project.SimpleExample] group1.job1 will run at: Sat Jan 25 19:27:00 CST 2014 [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:16.500 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED started. [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:16.500 下午 main [quartz_project.SimpleExample] ------ started scheduler ------- [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:16.500 下午 main [quartz_project.SimpleExample] ------ waiting 65 seconds ------ [INFO] 25 一月 07:26:19.703 下午 Timer-0 [org.quartz.utils.UpdateChecker] New Quartz update(s) found: 2.1.7 [http: //www .terracotta.org /kit/reflector ?kitID=default&pageID=QuartzChangeLog] [INFO] 25 一月 07:27:00.031 下午 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-1 [quartz_project.HelloJob] Hello World! - Sat Jan 25 19:27:00 CST 2014 [INFO] 25 一月 07:27:21.500 下午 main [quartz_project.SimpleExample] ------- shutting down ------ [INFO] 25 一月 07:27:21.500 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED shutting down. [INFO] 25 一月 07:27:21.500 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED paused. [INFO] 25 一月 07:27:21.500 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED shutdown complete. [INFO] 25 一月 07:27:21.500 下午 main [quartz_project.SimpleExample] ------- shutdown complete ------- Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 65.39 sec Results : |
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