命令行安装KVM

Posted 2020-08-06

查看libvirtd的状态：

[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/libvirtd status

libvirtd (pid  2503) is running...

 

安装vnc：

[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y tigervnc

[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y virt-viewer

 

查看虚拟机状态：

[[email protected] ~]# virsh list --all

 Id    Name                           State

----------------------------------------------------

 -     www.linux1.cn                  shut off

 

准备镜像文件：

[[email protected] ~]# ll /var/lib/libvirt/images/ubuntu-16.04-desktop-amd64.iso

 

创建磁盘：

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /var/lib/libvirt/disk/ -p

[[email protected] ~]# qemu-img create -f raw /var/lib/libvirt/disk/unbuntu16.raw 10G

Formatting ‘/var/lib/libvirt/disk/unbuntu16.raw‘, fmt=raw size=10737418240

 

安装虚拟机：

[[email protected] ~]# virt-install --name ubuntu16 --ram 1024 --vcpu=1 --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/disk/unbuntu16.raw --accelerate --cdrom=/var/lib/libvirt/images/ubuntu-16.04-desktop-amd64.iso --network bridge=br0 --graphics vnc

 

 """

--name=ubuntu16 #指定guest的名字
--ram=1024 #指定内存大小
--vcpus=1 #指定cpu个数
--disk path=/xx/xx.xx #指定磁盘
--accelerate #加速
--cdrom /xx/xx.iso 指定镜像
--network bridge=br0 #bridge=xx , network:name ,user
--graphics vnc
--location= #directory ,nfs:host:/path ,http://host/path ,ftp://host/path

 """

 

配置vnc：

[[email protected] ~]# grep -Ev "^$|^#" /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf

vnc_listen = "0.0.0.0"

[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/libvirtd restart

Stopping libvirtd daemon:                                  [  OK  ]

Starting libvirtd daemon:                                  [  OK  ]

[[email protected] ~]# netstat -antup|grep 5900

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5900              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      18413/qemu-kvm  

（如果vnc只是监听127.0.0.1那么其他机器是无法使用vnc客户端连接进来的）

 

vnc远程连接：5900

[[email protected] ~]# vncviewer 127.0.0.1:5900

 

配置文件：

[[email protected] qemu]# pwd

/etc/libvirt/qemu

[[email protected] qemu]# ll

total 16

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep  4 10:31 autostart            #开机启动相关

drwx------ 3 root root 4096 Sep  4 09:46 networks             #网络相关

-rw------- 1 root root 2290 Sep  4 13:13 ubuntu16.xml          #虚拟机配置文件  .xml

-rw------- 1 root root 2574 Sep  4 10:32 www.linux1.cn.xml

 

 

虚拟机配置文件：

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/libvirt/qemu/ubuntu16.xml

<!--

WARNING: THIS IS AN AUTO-GENERATED FILE. CHANGES TO IT ARE LIKELY TO BE

OVERWRITTEN AND LOST. Changes to this xml configuration should be made using:

  virsh edit ubuntu16

or other application using the libvirt API.

-->

 

<domain type=‘kvm‘>

  <name>ubuntu16</name>

  <uuid>729109f3-6bcc-2f44-b1d3-4f9f6bface83</uuid>

  <memory unit=‘KiB‘>1048576</memory>

  <currentMemory unit=‘KiB‘>1048576</currentMemory>

  <vcpu placement=‘static‘>1</vcpu>

  <os>

    <type arch=‘x86_64‘ machine=‘rhel6.5.0‘>hvm</type>

    <boot dev=‘hd‘/>

  </os>

  <features>

    <acpi/>

    <apic/>

    <pae/>

  </features>

  <clock offset=‘utc‘/>

  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>

  <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>

  <on_crash>restart</on_crash>

  <devices>

    <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator>

    <disk type=‘file‘ device=‘disk‘>

      <driver name=‘qemu‘ type=‘raw‘ cache=‘none‘/>

      <source file=‘/var/lib/libvirt/disk/unbuntu16.raw‘/>

      <target dev=‘hda‘ bus=‘ide‘/>

      <address type=‘drive‘ controller=‘0‘ bus=‘0‘ target=‘0‘ unit=‘0‘/>

    </disk>

    <disk type=‘block‘ device=‘cdrom‘>

      <driver name=‘qemu‘ type=‘raw‘/>

      <target dev=‘hdc‘ bus=‘ide‘/>

      <readonly/>

      <address type=‘drive‘ controller=‘0‘ bus=‘1‘ target=‘0‘ unit=‘0‘/>

    </disk>

    <controller type=‘usb‘ index=‘0‘>

      <address type=‘pci‘ domain=‘0x0000‘ bus=‘0x00‘ slot=‘0x01‘ function=‘0x2‘/>

    </controller>

    <controller type=‘ide‘ index=‘0‘>

      <address type=‘pci‘ domain=‘0x0000‘ bus=‘0x00‘ slot=‘0x01‘ function=‘0x1‘/>

    </controller>

    <interface type=‘bridge‘>

      <mac address=‘52:54:00:b0:48:17‘/>

      <source bridge=‘br0‘/>

      <address type=‘pci‘ domain=‘0x0000‘ bus=‘0x00‘ slot=‘0x03‘ function=‘0x0‘/>

    </interface>

    <serial type=‘pty‘>

      <target port=‘0‘/>

    </serial>

    <console type=‘pty‘>

      <target type=‘serial‘ port=‘0‘/>

    </console>

    <input type=‘mouse‘ bus=‘ps2‘/>

    <graphics type=‘vnc‘ port=‘-1‘ autoport=‘yes‘/>

    <video>

      <model type=‘cirrus‘ vram=‘9216‘ heads=‘1‘/>

      <address type=‘pci‘ domain=‘0x0000‘ bus=‘0x00‘ slot=‘0x02‘ function=‘0x0‘/>

    </video>

    <memballoon model=‘virtio‘>

      <address type=‘pci‘ domain=‘0x0000‘ bus=‘0x00‘ slot=‘0x04‘ function=‘0x0‘/>

    </memballoon>

  </devices>

</domain>