python鍩虹_鍑芥暟
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鏍囩锛?a href='http://www.mamicode.com/so/1/python' title='python'>python 蹇呴』 璇嗗埆 淇濈暀 鎻愮ず 鍙傛暟 error
鍑芥暟鍩虹鐩爣
- 鍑芥暟鐨勫揩閫熶綋楠?/li>
- 鍑芥暟鐨勫熀鏈娇鐢?/li>
- 鍑芥暟鐨勫弬鏁?/li>
- 鍑芥暟鐨勮繑鍥炲€?/li>
- 鍑芥暟鐨勫祵濂楄皟鐢?/li>
- 鍦ㄦā鍧椾腑瀹氫箟鍑芥暟
01. 鍑芥暟鐨勫揩閫熶綋楠?/h1>
- 鎵€璋?strong>鍑芥暟锛屽氨鏄妸 鍏锋湁鐙珛鍔熻兘鐨勪唬鐮佸潡 缁勭粐涓轰竴涓皬妯″潡锛屽湪闇€瑕佺殑鏃跺€?璋冪敤
- 鍑芥暟鐨勪娇鐢ㄥ寘鍚袱涓楠わ細
1.瀹氫箟鍑芥暟 鈥斺€?灏佽 鐙珛鐨勫姛鑳?br/>2.璋冪敤鍑芥暟 鈥斺€?浜彈 灏佽 鐨勬垚鏋?/li>
- 鍑芥暟鐨勪綔鐢?/strong>锛屽湪寮€鍙戠▼搴忔椂锛屼娇鐢ㄥ嚱鏁板彲浠ユ彁楂樼紪鍐欑殑鏁堢巼浠ュ強浠ｇ爜鐨?閲嶇敤
02. 鍑芥暟鍩烘湰浣跨敤
2.1 鍑芥暟鐨勫畾涔?/h2>
1.瀹氫箟鍑芥暟 鈥斺€?灏佽 鐙珛鐨勫姛鑳?br/>2.璋冪敤鍑芥暟 鈥斺€?浜彈 灏佽 鐨勬垚鏋?/li>
瀹氫箟鍑芥暟鐨勬牸寮忓涓嬶細
def 鍑芥暟鍚?):
鍑芥暟灏佽鐨勪唬鐮? 鈥︹€?/code>- def 鏄嫳鏂?define 鐨勭缉鍐?/li>
- 鍑芥暟鍚嶇О 搴旇鑳藉琛ㄨ揪 鍑芥暟灏佽浠ｇ爜 鐨勫姛鑳斤紝鏂逛究鍚庣画鐨勮皟鐢?/li>
- 鍑芥暟鍚嶇О 鐨勫懡鍚嶅簲璇?绗﹀悎 鏍囪瘑绗︾殑鍛藉悕瑙勫垯
- 鍙互鐢?瀛楁瘝銆佷笅鍒掔嚎 鍜?鏁板瓧 缁勬垚
- 涓嶈兘浠ユ暟瀛楀紑澶?/strong>
- 涓嶈兘涓庡叧閿瓧閲嶅悕
2.2 鍑芥暟璋冪敤
璋冪敤鍑芥暟寰堢畝鍗曠殑锛岄€氳繃 鍑芥暟鍚?) 鍗冲彲瀹屾垚瀵瑰嚱鏁扮殑璋冪敤
2.3 绗竴涓嚱鏁版紨缁?/h2>
闇€姹?/h3>
- 1.缂栧啓涓€涓墦鎷涘懠 say_hello 鐨勫嚱鏁帮紝灏佽涓夎鎵撴嫑鍛肩殑浠ｇ爜
- 2.鍦ㄥ嚱鏁颁笅鏂硅皟鐢ㄦ墦鎷涘懠鐨勪唬鐮?/li>
name = "hello"
# 瑙ｉ噴鍣ㄧ煡閬撹繖閲屽畾涔変簡涓€涓嚱鏁?def say_hello():
print("hello 1")
print("hello 2")
print("hello 3")
print(name)
# 鍙湁鍦ㄨ皟鐢ㄥ嚱鏁版椂锛屼箣鍓嶅畾涔夌殑鍑芥暟鎵嶄細琚墽琛?# 鍑芥暟鎵ц瀹屾垚涔嬪悗锛屼細閲嶆柊鍥炲埌涔嬪墠鐨勭▼搴忎腑锛岀户缁墽琛屽悗缁殑浠ｇ爜
say_hello()
print(name)
- 瀹氫箟濂藉嚱鏁颁箣鍚庯紝鍙〃绀鸿繖涓嚱鏁板皝瑁呬簡涓€娈典唬鐮佽€屽凡
- 濡傛灉涓嶄富鍔ㄨ皟鐢ㄥ嚱鏁帮紝鍑芥暟鏄笉浼氫富鍔ㄦ墽琛岀殑
- 1.缂栧啓涓€涓墦鎷涘懠 say_hello 鐨勫嚱鏁帮紝灏佽涓夎鎵撴嫑鍛肩殑浠ｇ爜
- 2.鍦ㄥ嚱鏁颁笅鏂硅皟鐢ㄦ墦鎷涘懠鐨勪唬鐮?/li>
name = "hello"
# 瑙ｉ噴鍣ㄧ煡閬撹繖閲屽畾涔変簡涓€涓嚱鏁?def say_hello():
print("hello 1")
print("hello 2")
print("hello 3")
print(name)
# 鍙湁鍦ㄨ皟鐢ㄥ嚱鏁版椂锛屼箣鍓嶅畾涔夌殑鍑芥暟鎵嶄細琚墽琛?# 鍑芥暟鎵ц瀹屾垚涔嬪悗锛屼細閲嶆柊鍥炲埌涔嬪墠鐨勭▼搴忎腑锛岀户缁墽琛屽悗缁殑浠ｇ爜
say_hello()
print(name)- 瀹氫箟濂藉嚱鏁颁箣鍚庯紝鍙〃绀鸿繖涓嚱鏁板皝瑁呬簡涓€娈典唬鐮佽€屽凡
- 濡傛灉涓嶄富鍔ㄨ皟鐢ㄥ嚱鏁帮紝鍑芥暟鏄笉浼氫富鍔ㄦ墽琛岀殑
鎬濊€?/strong>
-
鑳藉惁灏?鍑芥暟璋冪敤 鏀惧湪 鍑芥暟瀹氫箟 鐨勪笂鏂癸紵
- 涓嶈兘锛?/li>
- 鍥犱负鍦?浣跨敤鍑芥暟鍚?/strong> 璋冪敤鍑芥暟涔嬪墠锛屽繀椤昏淇濊瘉 Python 宸茬粡鐭ラ亾鍑芥暟鐨勫瓨鍦?/li>
- 鍚﹀垯鎺у埗鍙颁細鎻愮ず NameError: name 鈥榮ay_hello鈥?is not defined (鍚嶇О閿欒锛歴ay_hello 杩欎釜鍚嶅瓧娌℃湁琚畾涔?
2.4 PyCharm 鐨勮皟璇曞伐鍏?/h2>
- F8 Step Over 鍙互鍗曟鎵ц浠ｇ爜锛屼細鎶婂嚱鏁拌皟鐢ㄧ湅浣滄槸涓€琛屼唬鐮佺洿鎺ユ墽琛?/li>
- F7 Step Into 鍙互鍗曟鎵ц浠ｇ爜锛屽鏋滄槸鍑芥暟锛屼細杩涘叆鍑芥暟鍐呴儴
2.5 鍑芥暟鐨勬枃妗ｆ敞閲?/h2>
- 鍦ㄥ紑鍙戜腑锛屽鏋滃笇鏈涚粰鍑芥暟娣诲姞娉ㄩ噴锛屽簲璇ュ湪 瀹氫箟鍑芥暟 鐨勪笅鏂癸紝浣跨敤 杩炵画鐨勪笁瀵瑰紩鍙?/strong>
- 鍦?杩炵画鐨勪笁瀵瑰紩鍙?/strong> 涔嬮棿缂栧啓瀵瑰嚱鏁扮殑璇存槑鏂囧瓧
- 鍦?鍑芥暟璋冪敤 浣嶇疆锛屼娇鐢ㄥ揩鎹烽敭 CTRL + Q 鍙互鏌ョ湅鍑芥暟鐨勮鏄庝俊鎭?br/>娉ㄦ剰锛氬洜涓?鍑芥暟浣撶浉瀵规瘮杈冪嫭绔?/strong>锛屽嚱鏁板畾涔夌殑涓婃柟搴旇鍜屽叾浠栦唬鐮侊紙鍖呮嫭娉ㄩ噴锛変繚鐣?涓や釜绌鸿
03. 鍑芥暟鐨勫弬鏁?/h1>
- 鍦ㄥ紑鍙戜腑锛屽鏋滃笇鏈涚粰鍑芥暟娣诲姞娉ㄩ噴锛屽簲璇ュ湪 瀹氫箟鍑芥暟 鐨勪笅鏂癸紝浣跨敤 杩炵画鐨勪笁瀵瑰紩鍙?/strong>
- 鍦?杩炵画鐨勪笁瀵瑰紩鍙?/strong> 涔嬮棿缂栧啓瀵瑰嚱鏁扮殑璇存槑鏂囧瓧
- 鍦?鍑芥暟璋冪敤 浣嶇疆锛屼娇鐢ㄥ揩鎹烽敭 CTRL + Q 鍙互鏌ョ湅鍑芥暟鐨勮鏄庝俊鎭?br/>娉ㄦ剰锛氬洜涓?鍑芥暟浣撶浉瀵规瘮杈冪嫭绔?/strong>锛屽嚱鏁板畾涔夌殑涓婃柟搴旇鍜屽叾浠栦唬鐮侊紙鍖呮嫭娉ㄩ噴锛変繚鐣?涓や釜绌鸿
03. 鍑芥暟鐨勫弬鏁?/h1>
婕旂粌闇€姹?/strong>
- 寮€鍙戜竴涓?sum_2_num 鐨勫嚱鏁?/li>
- 鍑芥暟鑳藉瀹炵幇 涓や釜鏁板瓧鐨勬眰鍜?鍔熻兘
婕旂粌浠ｇ爜濡備笅锛?/li>
def sum_2_num():
num1 = 10
num2 = 20
result = num1 + num2
print("%d + %d = %d" % (num1, num2, result))
sum_2_num()鎬濊€冧竴涓嬪瓨鍦ㄤ粈涔堥棶棰?/strong>
鍑芥暟鍙兘澶勭悊 **鍥哄畾鏁板€?* 鐨勭浉鍔?/code>濡備綍瑙ｅ喅锛?/strong>
- 濡傛灉鑳藉鎶婇渶瑕佽绠楃殑鏁板瓧锛屽湪璋冪敤鍑芥暟鏃讹紝浼犻€掑埌鍑芥暟鍐呴儴灏卞ソ浜嗭紒
3.1 鍑芥暟鍙傛暟鐨勪娇鐢?/h2>
- 鍦ㄥ嚱鏁板悕鐨勫悗闈㈢殑灏忔嫭鍙峰唴閮ㄥ～鍐?鍙傛暟
- 澶氫釜鍙傛暟涔嬮棿浣跨敤 , 鍒嗛殧
def sum_2_num(num1, num2):
result = num1 + num2
print("%d + %d = %d" % (num1, num2, result))
sum_2_num(50, 20)
3.2 鍙傛暟鐨勪綔鐢?/h2>
- 鍑芥暟锛屾妸 鍏锋湁鐙珛鍔熻兘鐨勪唬鐮佸潡 缁勭粐涓轰竴涓皬妯″潡锛屽湪闇€瑕佺殑鏃跺€?璋冪敤
- 鍑芥暟鐨勫弬鏁?/strong>锛屽鍔犲嚱鏁扮殑 閫氱敤鎬?/strong>锛岄拡瀵?鐩稿悓鐨勬暟鎹鐞嗛€昏緫锛岃兘澶?閫傚簲鏇村鐨勬暟鎹?/strong>
- 鍦ㄥ嚱鏁?鍐呴儴锛屾妸鍙傛暟褰撳仛 鍙橀噺 浣跨敤锛岃繘琛岄渶瑕佺殑鏁版嵁澶勭悊
- 鍑芥暟璋冪敤鏃讹紝鎸夌収鍑芥暟瀹氫箟鐨?strong>鍙傛暟椤哄簭
锛屾妸 甯屾湜鍦ㄥ嚱鏁板唴閮ㄥ鐞嗙殑鏁版嵁锛岄€氳繃鍙傛暟 浼犻€?/li>
3.3 褰㈠弬鍜屽疄鍙?/h2>
- 褰㈠弬锛氬畾涔?/strong> 鍑芥暟鏃讹紝灏忔嫭鍙蜂腑鐨勫弬鏁帮紝鏄敤鏉ユ帴鏀跺弬鏁扮敤鐨勶紝鍦ㄥ嚱鏁板唴閮?浣滀负鍙橀噺浣跨敤
- 瀹炲弬锛氳皟鐢?/strong> 鍑芥暟鏃讹紝灏忔嫭鍙蜂腑鐨勫弬鏁帮紝鏄敤鏉ユ妸鏁版嵁浼犻€掑埌 鍑?strong>鏁板唴閮?/strong> 鐢ㄧ殑
04. 鍑芥暟鐨勮繑鍥炲€?/h1>
- 鍦ㄧ▼搴忓紑鍙戜腑锛屾湁鏃跺€欙紝浼氬笇鏈?涓€涓嚱鏁版墽琛岀粨鏉熷悗锛屽憡璇夎皟鐢ㄨ€呬竴涓粨鏋?/strong>锛屼互渚胯皟鐢ㄨ€呴拡瀵瑰叿浣撶殑缁撴灉鍋氬悗缁殑澶勭悊
- 杩斿洖鍊?/strong> 鏄嚱鏁?瀹屾垚宸ヤ綔鍚庯紝鏈€鍚?/strong> 缁欒皟鐢ㄨ€呯殑 涓€涓粨鏋?/strong>
- 鍦ㄥ嚱鏁颁腑浣跨敤 return 鍏抽敭瀛楀彲浠ヨ繑鍥炵粨鏋?/li>
- 璋冪敤鍑芥暟涓€鏂癸紝鍙互 浣跨敤鍙橀噺 鏉?鎺ユ敹 鍑芥暟鐨勮繑鍥炵粨鏋?
娉ㄦ剰锛?return 琛ㄧず杩斿洖锛屽悗缁殑浠ｇ爜閮戒笉浼氳鎵ц
def sum_2_num(num1, num2):
"""瀵逛袱涓暟瀛楃殑姹傚拰"""
return num1 + num2
# 璋冪敤鍑芥暟锛屽苟浣跨敤 result 鍙橀噺鎺ユ敹璁＄畻缁撴灉
result = sum_2_num(10, 20)
print("璁＄畻缁撴灉鏄?%d" % result)
05. 鍑芥暟鐨勫祵濂楄皟鐢?/h1>
- 涓€涓嚱鏁伴噷闈?鍙堣皟鐢?/strong> 浜?鍙﹀涓€涓嚱鏁?/strong>锛岃繖灏辨槸 鍑芥暟宓屽璋冪敤
- 濡傛灉鍑芥暟 test2 涓紝璋冪敤浜嗗彟澶栦竴涓嚱鏁?test1
閭ｄ箞鎵ц鍒拌皟鐢?test1 鍑芥暟鏃讹紝浼氬厛鎶婂嚱鏁?test1 涓殑浠诲姟閮芥墽琛屽畬鎵嶄細鍥炲埌 test2 涓皟鐢ㄥ嚱鏁?test1 鐨勪綅缃紝缁х画鎵ц鍚庣画鐨勪唬鐮?/li>
def test1():
print("*" * 50)
print("test 1")
print("*" * 50)
def test2():
print("-" * 50)
print("test 2")
test1()
print("-" * 50)
test2()
06. 浣跨敤妯″潡涓殑鍑芥暟
妯″潡鏄?Python 绋嬪簭鏋舵瀯鐨勪竴涓牳蹇冩蹇?/strong>
- 妯″潡 灏卞ソ姣旀槸 宸ュ叿鍖?/strong>锛岃鎯充娇鐢ㄨ繖涓伐鍏峰寘涓殑宸ュ叿锛屽氨闇€瑕?瀵煎叆 import 杩欎釜妯″潡
- 姣忎竴涓互鎵╁睍鍚?py 缁撳熬鐨?Python 婧愪唬鐮佹枃浠堕兘鏄竴涓?妯″潡
- 鍦ㄦā鍧椾腑瀹氫箟鐨?鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺 銆?鍑芥暟 閮芥槸妯″潡鑳藉鎻愪緵缁欏鐣岀洿鎺ヤ娇鐢ㄧ殑宸ュ叿
6.1 浣跨敤妯″潡
- 鍙互 鍦ㄤ竴涓?Python 鏂囦欢 涓?瀹氫箟 鍙橀噺 鎴栬€?鍑芥暟
- 鐒跺悗鍦?鍙﹀涓€涓枃浠朵腑 浣跨敤 import 瀵煎叆杩欎釜妯″潡
- 瀵煎叆涔嬪悗锛屽氨鍙互浣跨敤 妯″潡鍚?鍙橀噺 / 妯″潡鍚?鍑芥暟 鐨勬柟寮忥紝浣跨敤杩欎釜妯″潡涓畾涔夌殑鍙橀噺鎴栬€呭嚱鏁?
妯″潡鍙互璁?鏇剧粡缂栧啓杩囩殑浠ｇ爜 鏂逛究鐨勮 澶嶇敤锛?/strong>
6.2 妯″潡鍚嶄篃鏄竴涓爣璇嗙
- 鏍囩ず绗﹀彲浠ョ敱 瀛楁瘝銆佷笅鍒掔嚎 鍜?鏁板瓧 缁勬垚
- 涓嶈兘浠ユ暟瀛楀紑澶?/strong>
- 涓嶈兘涓庡叧閿瓧閲嶅悕
娉ㄦ剰锛氬鏋滃湪缁?Python 鏂囦欢璧峰悕鏃讹紝浠ユ暟瀛楀紑澶?/strong> 鏄棤娉曞湪 PyCharm 涓€氳繃瀵煎叆杩欎釜妯″潡鐨?/p>
6.3 Pyc 鏂囦欢锛堜簡瑙ｏ級
C 鏄?compiled 缂栬瘧杩?/strong> 鐨勬剰鎬?/p>
鎿嶄綔姝ラ
- 娴忚绋嬪簭鐩綍浼氬彂鐜颁竴涓?pycache 鐨勭洰褰?/li>
- 鐩綍涓嬩細鏈変竴涓?file_name.cpython-XX.pyc 鏂囦欢锛?cpython-XX 琛ㄧずPython 瑙ｉ噴鍣ㄧ殑鐗堟湰
- 杩欎釜 pyc 鏂囦欢鏄敱 Python 瑙ｉ噴鍣ㄥ皢 妯″潡鐨勬簮鐮?/strong> 杞崲涓?瀛楄妭鐮?/strong>
Python 杩欐牱淇濆瓨 瀛楄妭鐮?/strong> 鏄綔涓轰竴绉嶅惎鍔?閫熷害鐨勪紭鍖?/strong>
瀛楄妭鐮?/h2>
- Python 鍦ㄨВ閲婃簮绋嬪簭鏃舵槸鍒嗘垚涓や釜姝ラ鐨?br/>棣栧厛澶勭悊婧愪唬鐮侊紝缂栬瘧 鐢熸垚涓€涓簩杩涘埗 瀛楄妭鐮?/strong>
鍐嶅 瀛楄妭鐮?/strong> 杩涜澶勭悊锛屾墠浼氱敓鎴?CPU 鑳藉璇嗗埆鐨?鏈哄櫒鐮?/strong>
- 鏈変簡妯″潡鐨勫瓧鑺傜爜鏂囦欢涔嬪悗锛屼笅涓€娆¤繍琛岀▼搴忔椂锛屽鏋滃湪 涓婃淇濆瓨瀛楄妭鐮佷箣鍚?/strong> 娌℃湁淇敼杩囨簮浠ｇ爜锛孭ython 灏嗕細鍔犺浇 .pyc 鏂囦欢骞惰烦杩囩紪璇戣繖涓楠?/li>
- 褰?Python 閲嶇紪璇戞椂锛屽畠浼氳嚜鍔ㄦ鏌ユ簮鏂囦欢鍜屽瓧鑺傜爜鏂囦欢鐨勬椂闂存埑
濡傛灉浣犲張淇敼浜嗘簮浠ｇ爜锛屼笅娆＄▼搴忚繍琛屾椂锛屽瓧鑺傜爜灏嗚嚜鍔ㄩ噸鏂板垱寤?/li>
妯″潡鏄?Python 绋嬪簭鏋舵瀯鐨勪竴涓牳蹇冩蹇?/strong>
def sum_2_num(num1, num2):
result = num1 + num2
print("%d + %d = %d" % (num1, num2, result))
sum_2_num(50, 20)- 鍑芥暟锛屾妸 鍏锋湁鐙珛鍔熻兘鐨勪唬鐮佸潡 缁勭粐涓轰竴涓皬妯″潡锛屽湪闇€瑕佺殑鏃跺€?璋冪敤
- 鍑芥暟鐨勫弬鏁?/strong>锛屽鍔犲嚱鏁扮殑 閫氱敤鎬?/strong>锛岄拡瀵?鐩稿悓鐨勬暟鎹鐞嗛€昏緫锛岃兘澶?閫傚簲鏇村鐨勬暟鎹?/strong>
- 鍦ㄥ嚱鏁?鍐呴儴锛屾妸鍙傛暟褰撳仛 鍙橀噺 浣跨敤锛岃繘琛岄渶瑕佺殑鏁版嵁澶勭悊
- 鍑芥暟璋冪敤鏃讹紝鎸夌収鍑芥暟瀹氫箟鐨?strong>鍙傛暟椤哄簭
3.3 褰㈠弬鍜屽疄鍙?/h2>
- 褰㈠弬锛氬畾涔?/strong> 鍑芥暟鏃讹紝灏忔嫭鍙蜂腑鐨勫弬鏁帮紝鏄敤鏉ユ帴鏀跺弬鏁扮敤鐨勶紝鍦ㄥ嚱鏁板唴閮?浣滀负鍙橀噺浣跨敤
- 瀹炲弬锛氳皟鐢?/strong> 鍑芥暟鏃讹紝灏忔嫭鍙蜂腑鐨勫弬鏁帮紝鏄敤鏉ユ妸鏁版嵁浼犻€掑埌 鍑?strong>鏁板唴閮?/strong> 鐢ㄧ殑
04. 鍑芥暟鐨勮繑鍥炲€?/h1>
- 鍦ㄧ▼搴忓紑鍙戜腑锛屾湁鏃跺€欙紝浼氬笇鏈?涓€涓嚱鏁版墽琛岀粨鏉熷悗锛屽憡璇夎皟鐢ㄨ€呬竴涓粨鏋?/strong>锛屼互渚胯皟鐢ㄨ€呴拡瀵瑰叿浣撶殑缁撴灉鍋氬悗缁殑澶勭悊
- 杩斿洖鍊?/strong> 鏄嚱鏁?瀹屾垚宸ヤ綔鍚庯紝鏈€鍚?/strong> 缁欒皟鐢ㄨ€呯殑 涓€涓粨鏋?/strong>
- 鍦ㄥ嚱鏁颁腑浣跨敤 return 鍏抽敭瀛楀彲浠ヨ繑鍥炵粨鏋?/li>
- 璋冪敤鍑芥暟涓€鏂癸紝鍙互 浣跨敤鍙橀噺 鏉?鎺ユ敹 鍑芥暟鐨勮繑鍥炵粨鏋?
娉ㄦ剰锛?return 琛ㄧず杩斿洖锛屽悗缁殑浠ｇ爜閮戒笉浼氳鎵ц
def sum_2_num(num1, num2):
"""瀵逛袱涓暟瀛楃殑姹傚拰"""
return num1 + num2
# 璋冪敤鍑芥暟锛屽苟浣跨敤 result 鍙橀噺鎺ユ敹璁＄畻缁撴灉
result = sum_2_num(10, 20)
print("璁＄畻缁撴灉鏄?%d" % result)
05. 鍑芥暟鐨勫祵濂楄皟鐢?/h1>
- 涓€涓嚱鏁伴噷闈?鍙堣皟鐢?/strong> 浜?鍙﹀涓€涓嚱鏁?/strong>锛岃繖灏辨槸 鍑芥暟宓屽璋冪敤
- 濡傛灉鍑芥暟 test2 涓紝璋冪敤浜嗗彟澶栦竴涓嚱鏁?test1
閭ｄ箞鎵ц鍒拌皟鐢?test1 鍑芥暟鏃讹紝浼氬厛鎶婂嚱鏁?test1 涓殑浠诲姟閮芥墽琛屽畬鎵嶄細鍥炲埌 test2 涓皟鐢ㄥ嚱鏁?test1 鐨勪綅缃紝缁х画鎵ц鍚庣画鐨勪唬鐮?/li>
def test1():
print("*" * 50)
print("test 1")
print("*" * 50)
def test2():
print("-" * 50)
print("test 2")
test1()
print("-" * 50)
test2()
06. 浣跨敤妯″潡涓殑鍑芥暟
妯″潡鏄?Python 绋嬪簭鏋舵瀯鐨勪竴涓牳蹇冩蹇?/strong>
- 妯″潡 灏卞ソ姣旀槸 宸ュ叿鍖?/strong>锛岃鎯充娇鐢ㄨ繖涓伐鍏峰寘涓殑宸ュ叿锛屽氨闇€瑕?瀵煎叆 import 杩欎釜妯″潡
- 姣忎竴涓互鎵╁睍鍚?py 缁撳熬鐨?Python 婧愪唬鐮佹枃浠堕兘鏄竴涓?妯″潡
- 鍦ㄦā鍧椾腑瀹氫箟鐨?鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺 銆?鍑芥暟 閮芥槸妯″潡鑳藉鎻愪緵缁欏鐣岀洿鎺ヤ娇鐢ㄧ殑宸ュ叿
6.1 浣跨敤妯″潡
- 鍙互 鍦ㄤ竴涓?Python 鏂囦欢 涓?瀹氫箟 鍙橀噺 鎴栬€?鍑芥暟
- 鐒跺悗鍦?鍙﹀涓€涓枃浠朵腑 浣跨敤 import 瀵煎叆杩欎釜妯″潡
- 瀵煎叆涔嬪悗锛屽氨鍙互浣跨敤 妯″潡鍚?鍙橀噺 / 妯″潡鍚?鍑芥暟 鐨勬柟寮忥紝浣跨敤杩欎釜妯″潡涓畾涔夌殑鍙橀噺鎴栬€呭嚱鏁?
妯″潡鍙互璁?鏇剧粡缂栧啓杩囩殑浠ｇ爜 鏂逛究鐨勮 澶嶇敤锛?/strong>
6.2 妯″潡鍚嶄篃鏄竴涓爣璇嗙
- 鏍囩ず绗﹀彲浠ョ敱 瀛楁瘝銆佷笅鍒掔嚎 鍜?鏁板瓧 缁勬垚
- 涓嶈兘浠ユ暟瀛楀紑澶?/strong>
- 涓嶈兘涓庡叧閿瓧閲嶅悕
娉ㄦ剰锛氬鏋滃湪缁?Python 鏂囦欢璧峰悕鏃讹紝浠ユ暟瀛楀紑澶?/strong> 鏄棤娉曞湪 PyCharm 涓€氳繃瀵煎叆杩欎釜妯″潡鐨?/p>
6.3 Pyc 鏂囦欢锛堜簡瑙ｏ級
C 鏄?compiled 缂栬瘧杩?/strong> 鐨勬剰鎬?/p>
鎿嶄綔姝ラ
- 娴忚绋嬪簭鐩綍浼氬彂鐜颁竴涓?pycache 鐨勭洰褰?/li>
- 鐩綍涓嬩細鏈変竴涓?file_name.cpython-XX.pyc 鏂囦欢锛?cpython-XX 琛ㄧずPython 瑙ｉ噴鍣ㄧ殑鐗堟湰
- 杩欎釜 pyc 鏂囦欢鏄敱 Python 瑙ｉ噴鍣ㄥ皢 妯″潡鐨勬簮鐮?/strong> 杞崲涓?瀛楄妭鐮?/strong>
Python 杩欐牱淇濆瓨 瀛楄妭鐮?/strong> 鏄綔涓轰竴绉嶅惎鍔?閫熷害鐨勪紭鍖?/strong>
瀛楄妭鐮?/h2>
- Python 鍦ㄨВ閲婃簮绋嬪簭鏃舵槸鍒嗘垚涓や釜姝ラ鐨?br/>棣栧厛澶勭悊婧愪唬鐮侊紝缂栬瘧 鐢熸垚涓€涓簩杩涘埗 瀛楄妭鐮?/strong>
鍐嶅 瀛楄妭鐮?/strong> 杩涜澶勭悊锛屾墠浼氱敓鎴?CPU 鑳藉璇嗗埆鐨?鏈哄櫒鐮?/strong>
- 鏈変簡妯″潡鐨勫瓧鑺傜爜鏂囦欢涔嬪悗锛屼笅涓€娆¤繍琛岀▼搴忔椂锛屽鏋滃湪 涓婃淇濆瓨瀛楄妭鐮佷箣鍚?/strong> 娌℃湁淇敼杩囨簮浠ｇ爜锛孭ython 灏嗕細鍔犺浇 .pyc 鏂囦欢骞惰烦杩囩紪璇戣繖涓楠?/li>
- 褰?Python 閲嶇紪璇戞椂锛屽畠浼氳嚜鍔ㄦ鏌ユ簮鏂囦欢鍜屽瓧鑺傜爜鏂囦欢鐨勬椂闂存埑
濡傛灉浣犲張淇敼浜嗘簮浠ｇ爜锛屼笅娆＄▼搴忚繍琛屾椂锛屽瓧鑺傜爜灏嗚嚜鍔ㄩ噸鏂板垱寤?/li>
妯″潡鏄?Python 绋嬪簭鏋舵瀯鐨勪竴涓牳蹇冩蹇?/strong>
- 鍦ㄧ▼搴忓紑鍙戜腑锛屾湁鏃跺€欙紝浼氬笇鏈?涓€涓嚱鏁版墽琛岀粨鏉熷悗锛屽憡璇夎皟鐢ㄨ€呬竴涓粨鏋?/strong>锛屼互渚胯皟鐢ㄨ€呴拡瀵瑰叿浣撶殑缁撴灉鍋氬悗缁殑澶勭悊
- 杩斿洖鍊?/strong> 鏄嚱鏁?瀹屾垚宸ヤ綔鍚庯紝鏈€鍚?/strong> 缁欒皟鐢ㄨ€呯殑 涓€涓粨鏋?/strong>
- 鍦ㄥ嚱鏁颁腑浣跨敤 return 鍏抽敭瀛楀彲浠ヨ繑鍥炵粨鏋?/li>
- 璋冪敤鍑芥暟涓€鏂癸紝鍙互 浣跨敤鍙橀噺 鏉?鎺ユ敹 鍑芥暟鐨勮繑鍥炵粨鏋?
娉ㄦ剰锛?return 琛ㄧず杩斿洖锛屽悗缁殑浠ｇ爜閮戒笉浼氳鎵ц
def sum_2_num(num1, num2):
"""瀵逛袱涓暟瀛楃殑姹傚拰"""
return num1 + num2
# 璋冪敤鍑芥暟锛屽苟浣跨敤 result 鍙橀噺鎺ユ敹璁＄畻缁撴灉
result = sum_2_num(10, 20)
print("璁＄畻缁撴灉鏄?%d" % result)05. 鍑芥暟鐨勫祵濂楄皟鐢?/h1>
- 涓€涓嚱鏁伴噷闈?鍙堣皟鐢?/strong> 浜?鍙﹀涓€涓嚱鏁?/strong>锛岃繖灏辨槸 鍑芥暟宓屽璋冪敤
- 濡傛灉鍑芥暟 test2 涓紝璋冪敤浜嗗彟澶栦竴涓嚱鏁?test1
閭ｄ箞鎵ц鍒拌皟鐢?test1 鍑芥暟鏃讹紝浼氬厛鎶婂嚱鏁?test1 涓殑浠诲姟閮芥墽琛屽畬鎵嶄細鍥炲埌 test2 涓皟鐢ㄥ嚱鏁?test1 鐨勪綅缃紝缁х画鎵ц鍚庣画鐨勪唬鐮?/li>
def test1():
print("*" * 50)
print("test 1")
print("*" * 50)
def test2():
print("-" * 50)
print("test 2")
test1()
print("-" * 50)
test2()
06. 浣跨敤妯″潡涓殑鍑芥暟
妯″潡鏄?Python 绋嬪簭鏋舵瀯鐨勪竴涓牳蹇冩蹇?/strong>
- 妯″潡 灏卞ソ姣旀槸 宸ュ叿鍖?/strong>锛岃鎯充娇鐢ㄨ繖涓伐鍏峰寘涓殑宸ュ叿锛屽氨闇€瑕?瀵煎叆 import 杩欎釜妯″潡
- 姣忎竴涓互鎵╁睍鍚?py 缁撳熬鐨?Python 婧愪唬鐮佹枃浠堕兘鏄竴涓?妯″潡
- 鍦ㄦā鍧椾腑瀹氫箟鐨?鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺 銆?鍑芥暟 閮芥槸妯″潡鑳藉鎻愪緵缁欏鐣岀洿鎺ヤ娇鐢ㄧ殑宸ュ叿
6.1 浣跨敤妯″潡
- 鍙互 鍦ㄤ竴涓?Python 鏂囦欢 涓?瀹氫箟 鍙橀噺 鎴栬€?鍑芥暟
- 鐒跺悗鍦?鍙﹀涓€涓枃浠朵腑 浣跨敤 import 瀵煎叆杩欎釜妯″潡
- 瀵煎叆涔嬪悗锛屽氨鍙互浣跨敤 妯″潡鍚?鍙橀噺 / 妯″潡鍚?鍑芥暟 鐨勬柟寮忥紝浣跨敤杩欎釜妯″潡涓畾涔夌殑鍙橀噺鎴栬€呭嚱鏁?
妯″潡鍙互璁?鏇剧粡缂栧啓杩囩殑浠ｇ爜 鏂逛究鐨勮 澶嶇敤锛?/strong>
6.2 妯″潡鍚嶄篃鏄竴涓爣璇嗙
- 鏍囩ず绗﹀彲浠ョ敱 瀛楁瘝銆佷笅鍒掔嚎 鍜?鏁板瓧 缁勬垚
- 涓嶈兘浠ユ暟瀛楀紑澶?/strong>
- 涓嶈兘涓庡叧閿瓧閲嶅悕
娉ㄦ剰锛氬鏋滃湪缁?Python 鏂囦欢璧峰悕鏃讹紝浠ユ暟瀛楀紑澶?/strong> 鏄棤娉曞湪 PyCharm 涓€氳繃瀵煎叆杩欎釜妯″潡鐨?/p>
6.3 Pyc 鏂囦欢锛堜簡瑙ｏ級
C 鏄?compiled 缂栬瘧杩?/strong> 鐨勬剰鎬?/p>
鎿嶄綔姝ラ
- 娴忚绋嬪簭鐩綍浼氬彂鐜颁竴涓?pycache 鐨勭洰褰?/li>
- 鐩綍涓嬩細鏈変竴涓?file_name.cpython-XX.pyc 鏂囦欢锛?cpython-XX 琛ㄧずPython 瑙ｉ噴鍣ㄧ殑鐗堟湰
- 杩欎釜 pyc 鏂囦欢鏄敱 Python 瑙ｉ噴鍣ㄥ皢 妯″潡鐨勬簮鐮?/strong> 杞崲涓?瀛楄妭鐮?/strong>
Python 杩欐牱淇濆瓨 瀛楄妭鐮?/strong> 鏄綔涓轰竴绉嶅惎鍔?閫熷害鐨勪紭鍖?/strong>
瀛楄妭鐮?/h2>
- Python 鍦ㄨВ閲婃簮绋嬪簭鏃舵槸鍒嗘垚涓や釜姝ラ鐨?br/>棣栧厛澶勭悊婧愪唬鐮侊紝缂栬瘧 鐢熸垚涓€涓簩杩涘埗 瀛楄妭鐮?/strong>
鍐嶅 瀛楄妭鐮?/strong> 杩涜澶勭悊锛屾墠浼氱敓鎴?CPU 鑳藉璇嗗埆鐨?鏈哄櫒鐮?/strong>
- 鏈変簡妯″潡鐨勫瓧鑺傜爜鏂囦欢涔嬪悗锛屼笅涓€娆¤繍琛岀▼搴忔椂锛屽鏋滃湪 涓婃淇濆瓨瀛楄妭鐮佷箣鍚?/strong> 娌℃湁淇敼杩囨簮浠ｇ爜锛孭ython 灏嗕細鍔犺浇 .pyc 鏂囦欢骞惰烦杩囩紪璇戣繖涓楠?/li>
- 褰?Python 閲嶇紪璇戞椂锛屽畠浼氳嚜鍔ㄦ鏌ユ簮鏂囦欢鍜屽瓧鑺傜爜鏂囦欢鐨勬椂闂存埑
濡傛灉浣犲張淇敼浜嗘簮浠ｇ爜锛屼笅娆＄▼搴忚繍琛屾椂锛屽瓧鑺傜爜灏嗚嚜鍔ㄩ噸鏂板垱寤?/li>
妯″潡鏄?Python 绋嬪簭鏋舵瀯鐨勪竴涓牳蹇冩蹇?/strong>
閭ｄ箞鎵ц鍒拌皟鐢?test1 鍑芥暟鏃讹紝浼氬厛鎶婂嚱鏁?test1 涓殑浠诲姟閮芥墽琛屽畬鎵嶄細鍥炲埌 test2 涓皟鐢ㄥ嚱鏁?test1 鐨勪綅缃紝缁х画鎵ц鍚庣画鐨勪唬鐮?/li>
def test1():
print("*" * 50)
print("test 1")
print("*" * 50)
def test2():
print("-" * 50)
print("test 2")
test1()
print("-" * 50)
test2()妯″潡鏄?Python 绋嬪簭鏋舵瀯鐨勪竴涓牳蹇冩蹇?/strong>
妯″潡鍙互璁?鏇剧粡缂栧啓杩囩殑浠ｇ爜 鏂逛究鐨勮 澶嶇敤锛?/strong>
娉ㄦ剰锛氬鏋滃湪缁?Python 鏂囦欢璧峰悕鏃讹紝浠ユ暟瀛楀紑澶?/strong> 鏄棤娉曞湪 PyCharm 涓€氳繃瀵煎叆杩欎釜妯″潡鐨?/p>
C 鏄?compiled 缂栬瘧杩?/strong> 鐨勬剰鎬?/p>
Python 杩欐牱淇濆瓨 瀛楄妭鐮?/strong> 鏄綔涓轰竴绉嶅惎鍔?閫熷害鐨勪紭鍖?/strong>
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鍐嶅 瀛楄妭鐮?/strong> 杩涜澶勭悊锛屾墠浼氱敓鎴?CPU 鑳藉璇嗗埆鐨?鏈哄櫒鐮?/strong> - 鏈変簡妯″潡鐨勫瓧鑺傜爜鏂囦欢涔嬪悗锛屼笅涓€娆¤繍琛岀▼搴忔椂锛屽鏋滃湪 涓婃淇濆瓨瀛楄妭鐮佷箣鍚?/strong> 娌℃湁淇敼杩囨簮浠ｇ爜锛孭ython 灏嗕細鍔犺浇 .pyc 鏂囦欢骞惰烦杩囩紪璇戣繖涓楠?/li>
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濡傛灉浣犲張淇敼浜嗘簮浠ｇ爜锛屼笅娆＄▼搴忚繍琛屾椂锛屽瓧鑺傜爜灏嗚嚜鍔ㄩ噸鏂板垱寤?/li> - 褰?Python 閲嶇紪璇戞椂锛屽畠浼氳嚜鍔ㄦ鏌ユ簮鏂囦欢鍜屽瓧鑺傜爜鏂囦欢鐨勬椂闂存埑
妯″潡鏄?Python 绋嬪簭鏋舵瀯鐨勪竴涓牳蹇冩蹇?/strong>
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