python鍑芥暟

Posted 2020-06-24

鏍囩锛?/p>

涓€銆佸嚱鏁帮細

鍒涘缓鍑芥暟锛氫娇鐢╠ef璇彞

涓句緥锛氬畾涔変竴涓繑鍥炴枑娉㈤偅妤旀暟鍒楀垪琛ㄧ殑鍑芥暟

def fibs(num):
    result = [0,1]
    for i in range(num-2):
        result.append(result[-2]+result[-1])
    print(result)
fibs(10)

>>>
[0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34]
>>>

 鏂囨。鍖栧嚱鏁帮細瀵瑰嚱鏁拌繘琛岃鏄庯紝鍐欏湪鍑芥暟寮€澶寸殑瀛楃涓诧紝瀹冧細浣滀负鍑芥暟鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎杩涜瀛樺偍锛岀О涓烘枃妗ｅ瓧绗︿覆銆?/p>

涓句緥锛氱粰square()鍑芥暟杩涜娉ㄩ噴

def square(x):
    鈥樷€樷€?/span>calculates the square of the nmber x鈥樷€樷€?/span>
    return x*x

#浣跨敤姝ゆ柟娉曡闂細
>>> square.__doc__
鈥?/span>calculates the square of the nmber x鈥?/span>
>>> 

 return璇彞锛氬嚱鏁扮殑杩斿洖鍊硷紝璧峰埌缁撴潫鍑芥暟鐨勪綔鐢紝涓嶉渶瑕佽繑鍥炴椂锛岃繑鍥炰负None

涓句緥锛?/p>

def test():
    print(鈥?/span>pass鈥?/span>)
    return
    print(鈥?/span>nothing鈥?/span>)
x = test()
print(x)

>>> 
pass
None
>>> 

 鍙傛暟锛?/p>

褰㈠弬锛氬嚱鏁板悕鍚庨潰鐨勫彉閲忛€氬父鍙仛鍑芥暟鐨勫舰鍙傦紱

瀹炲弬锛氳皟鐢ㄥ嚱鏁版椂鎻愪緵鐨勫€肩О涓哄疄鍙傦紱

璇存槑锛氬湪鍑芥暟鍐呬负鍙傛暟璧嬪€兼柊鍊间笉浼氭敼鍙樺閮ㄤ换浣曞彉閲忕殑鍊硷紱

涓句緥锛?/p>

#涓嶅彲鍙樺弬鏁帮細瀛楃涓层€佹暟瀛楀拰鍏冪粍
def change(n):
    n = 鈥?/span>zyj鈥?/span>
    print(n)
    
name = 鈥?/span>sl鈥?/span>
change(name)
print(name)
>>> 
zyj
sl
>>>

#鍙彉鍙傛暟濡傚垪琛?/span>
def change(n):
n[0] = 鈥?/span>zyj鈥?/span>
print(n[0])

name = [鈥?/span>sl鈥?/span>,鈥?/span>xm鈥?/span>]
change(name)
print(name)

>>> 
zyj
[鈥?/span>zyj鈥?/span>, 鈥?/span>xm鈥?/span>]
>>>

# 淇濈暀鍘熷鍙橀噺鐨勫姙娉曪細
def change(n):
n[0] = 鈥?/span>zyj鈥?/span>
print(n[0])

name = [鈥?/span>sl鈥?/span>,鈥?/span>xm鈥?/span>]
change(name[:])
print(name)

zyj
[鈥?/span>sl鈥?/span>, 鈥?/span>xm鈥?/span>]
>>>

浣跨敤鍑芥暟鏀瑰彉鏁版嵁缁撴瀯鐨勫疄鐜颁妇渚?/p>

瑕佹眰锛氱紪鍐欎竴涓瓨鍌ㄥ悕瀛楋紝骞朵笖鑳芥牴鎹潯浠舵煡鎵惧搴旂殑鍚嶅瓧

瀹炵幇锛氬畾涔夋暟鎹粨鏋勭被鍨嬩负瀛楀吀锛岄€氳繃閿€硷紙first锛宻econd锛夋煡鎵惧搴旂殑name銆?/p>

def init(data):
    鈥樷€樷€?/span>鍒濆鍖栨暟鎹粨鏋勭殑鍑芥暟鈥樷€樷€?/span>
    data[鈥?/span>first鈥?/span>] = {}
    data[鈥?/span>second鈥?/span>] = {}
def lookup(data,lable,name):
    鈥樷€樷€?/span>鏌ユ壘浜哄悕鐩稿悓鍑芥暟鈥樷€樷€?/span>
    return data[lable].get(name)
def store(data,full_name):
    鈥樷€樷€?/span>灏嗚緭鍏ュ悕瀛楀瓨鍌ㄥ湪鏁版嵁搴撲腑鍑芥暟鈥樷€樷€?/span>
    names = full_name.split()
    if len(names) == 1:
        names.insert(1, 鈥樷€?/span>)
    labels = 鈥?/span>first鈥?/span>,鈥?/span>second鈥?/span>
    for label,name in zip(labels,names):
        peole = lookup(data,label,name)
        if peole:
            peole.append(full_name)
        else:
            data[label][name]=[full_name]

>>> storage = {}
>>> init(storage)
>>> storage
{鈥?/span>first鈥?/span>: {}, 鈥?/span>second鈥?/span>: {}}
>>> store(storage, 鈥?/span>zhao yujiao鈥?/span>)
>>> lookup(storage,鈥?/span>second鈥?/span>,鈥?/span>yujiao鈥?/span>)
[鈥?/span>zhao yujiao鈥?/span>]
>>> store(storage, 鈥?/span>zhao qiaojiao鈥?/span>)
>>> lookup(storage,鈥?/span>second鈥?/span>,鈥?/span>yujiao鈥?/span>)
[鈥?/span>zhao yujiao鈥?/span>]
>>> storage
{鈥?/span>first鈥?/span>: {鈥?/span>zhao鈥?/span>: [鈥?/span>zhao yujiao鈥?/span>, 鈥?/span>zhao qiaojiao鈥?/span>]}, 鈥?/span>second鈥?/span>: {鈥?/span>yujiao鈥?/span>: [鈥?/span>zhao yujiao鈥?/span>], 鈥?/span>qiaojiao鈥?/span>: [鈥?/span>zhao qiaojiao鈥?/span>]}}
>>> lookup(storage,鈥?/span>first鈥?/span>,鈥?/span>yujiao鈥?/span>)
>>> lookup(storage,鈥?/span>first鈥?/span>,鈥?/span>zhao鈥?/span>)
[鈥?/span>zhao yujiao鈥?/span>, 鈥?/span>zhao qiaojiao鈥?/span>]
>>> store(storage, 鈥?/span>song qiaojiao鈥?/span>)
>>> storage
{鈥?/span>first鈥?/span>: {鈥?/span>zhao鈥?/span>: [鈥?/span>zhao yujiao鈥?/span>, 鈥?/span>zhao qiaojiao鈥?/span>], 鈥?/span>song鈥?/span>: [鈥?/span>song qiaojiao鈥?/span>]}, 鈥?/span>second鈥?/span>: {鈥?/span>yujiao鈥?/span>: [鈥?/span>zhao yujiao鈥?/span>], 鈥?/span>qiaojiao鈥?/span>: [鈥?/span>zhao qiaojiao鈥?/span>, 鈥?/span>song qiaojiao鈥?/span>]}}
>>> lookup(storage,鈥?/span>second鈥?/span>,鈥?/span>qiaojiao鈥?/span>)
[鈥?/span>zhao qiaojiao鈥?/span>, 鈥?/span>song qiaojiao鈥?/span>]
>>> store(storage, 鈥?/span>qiaojiao鈥?/span>)
>>> storage
{鈥?/span>first鈥?/span>: {鈥?/span>zhao鈥?/span>: [鈥?/span>zhao yujiao鈥?/span>, 鈥?/span>zhao qiaojiao鈥?/span>], 鈥?/span>qiaojiao鈥?/span>: [鈥?/span>qiaojiao鈥?/span>], 鈥?/span>song鈥?/span>: [鈥?/span>song qiaojiao鈥?/span>]}, 鈥?/span>second鈥?/span>: {鈥樷€?/span>: [鈥?/span>qiaojiao鈥?/span>], 鈥?/span>yujiao鈥?/span>: [鈥?/span>zhao yujiao鈥?/span>], 鈥?/span>qiaojiao鈥?/span>: [鈥?/span>zhao qiaojiao鈥?/span>, 鈥?/span>song qiaojiao鈥?/span>]}}

 鍏抽敭瀛楀弬鏁帮細鍙互鏄庣‘姣忎釜鍙傛暟鐨勪綔鐢紝涓嶉渶瑕佸湪涔庡弬鏁扮殑浣嶇疆銆?/p>

def hello_1(greeting,name):
    print("%s,%s!" % (greeting,name))
def hello_2(name,greeting):
    print("%s,%s!" % (name,greeting))
hello_1("Hello","World")
hello_1(greeting="Hello",name="World")
>>> 
Hello,World!
Hello,World!
>>>

鍏抽敭瀛楀弬鏁板彲浠ュ湪鍑芥暟涓粰鍙傛暟鎻愪緵榛樿鍊硷紝姝ゆ椂璋冪敤鐨勬椂鍊欏彲浠ヤ笉鐢ㄦ彁渚涘弬鏁帮紝鎻愪緵涓€浜涙垨鎻愪緵鎵€鏈夊弬鏁?/p>

def hello_3(greeting="Hello",name="World"):
    print("%s,%s!" % (greeting,name))
hello_3()
hello_3("greetings")
hello_3("greetings",鈥?/span>zyj鈥?/span>)
hello_3(name=鈥?/span>zyj鈥?/span>)
>>> 
Hello,World!
greetings,World!
greetings,zyj!
Hello,zyj!
>>> 

浣嶇疆鍙傛暟鍜屽叧閿瓧鍙傛暟缁撳悎浣跨敤

def hello_3(name,greeting="Hello",p=鈥?/span>!鈥?/span>):
    print("%s,%s%s" % (greeting,name,p))
hello_3("zyj")
hello_3("zyj",p=鈥?/span>!!!鈥?/span>)
hello_3(name=鈥?/span>zyj鈥?/span>)
>>> 
Hello,zyj!
Hello,zyj!!!
Hello,zyj!
>>> 

鏀堕泦鍙傛暟锛氬弬鏁板墠鍔犳槦鍙峰皢鎵€鏈夊€兼斁缃湪鍚屼竴涓厓缁勪腑銆備竴涓弬鏁伴噷闈紶閫掑涓€笺€?/p>

def print_params(*params):
    print(params)
print_params(鈥?/span>zyj鈥?/span>)
print_params(1,2,3)
print_params([1],[2],[3])
print_params((1,2),(2,3))
def print_params(title,*params):
    print(title)
    print(params)
print_params(鈥?/span>name:鈥?/span>,鈥?/span>zyj鈥?/span>,鈥?/span>sl鈥?/span>,鈥?/span>sb鈥?/span>)
print_params(鈥?/span>name:鈥?/span>)
>>> 
(鈥?/span>zyj鈥?/span>,)
(1, 2, 3)
([1], [2], [3])
((1, 2), (2, 3))
name:
(鈥?/span>zyj鈥?/span>, 鈥?/span>sl鈥?/span>, 鈥?/span>sb鈥?/span>)
name:
()
>>> 

鏀堕泦鍏抽敭瀛楀弬鏁帮細浣跨敤**锛岃繑鍥炵殑鏄瓧鍏?/p>

def print_params(**params):
    print(params)
print_params(x=1,y=2,z=3)
print_params(x=[1],y=[2],z=[3])
print_params(x=(1,2),y=(2,3))
def print_params(x,y,z=9,*params,**key):
    print(x,y,z)
    print(params)
    print(key)
print_params(1,2,3,4,5,6,foo=1,bar=2)
print_params(1,2)
>>> 
{鈥?/span>x鈥?/span>: 1, 鈥?/span>y鈥?/span>: 2, 鈥?/span>z鈥?/span>: 3}
{鈥?/span>x鈥?/span>: [1], 鈥?/span>y鈥?/span>: [2], 鈥?/span>z鈥?/span>: [3]}
{鈥?/span>x鈥?/span>: (1, 2), 鈥?/span>y鈥?/span>: (2, 3)}
1 2 3
(4, 5, 6)
{鈥?/span>foo鈥?/span>: 1, 鈥?/span>bar鈥?/span>: 2}
1 2 9
()
{}
>>> 

 

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