2.5路由网关：Zuul

Posted 2022-11-15 sovy

在原有的工程上，创建一个新的工程

创建service-zuul工程

其pom.xml文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
<artifactId>service-zuul</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>service-zuul</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>

<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.RC1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>


</project>

在其入口applicaton类加上注解@EnableZuulProxy，开启zuul的功能：

@EnableZuulProxy
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ServiceZuulApplication

public static void main(String[] args)
SpringApplication.run(ServiceZuulApplication.class, args);

加上配置文件application.yml加上以下的配置代码：

eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
port: 8769
spring:
application:
name: service-zuul
zuul:
routes:
api-a:
path: /api-a/**
serviceId: service-ribbon
api-b:
path: /api-b/**
serviceId: service-feign

首先指定服务注册中心的地址为http://localhost:8765/eureka/，服务的端口为8769，服务名为service-zuul；以/api-a/ 开头的请求都转发给service-ribbon服务；以/api-b/开头的请求都转发给service-feign服务；

依次运行这五个工程;打开浏览器访问：http://localhost:8769/api-a/hi?name=forezp ;浏览器显示：

hi forezp,i am from port:8762

这说明zuul起到了路由的作用

服务过滤

zuul不仅只是路由，并且还能过滤，做一些安全验证。继续改造工程；

@Component
public class MyFilter extends ZuulFilter

private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyFilter.class);
@Override
public String filterType()
return "pre";


@Override
public int filterOrder()
return 0;


@Override
public boolean shouldFilter()
return true;


@Override
public Object run()
RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
log.info(String.format("%s >>> %s", request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURL().toString()));
Object accessToken = request.getParameter("token");
if(accessToken == null)
log.warn("token is empty");
ctx.setSendZuulResponse(false);
ctx.setResponseStatusCode(401);
try
ctx.getResponse().getWriter().write("token is empty");
catch (Exception e)

return null;

log.info("ok");
return null;

filterType：返回一个字符串代表过滤器的类型，在zuul中定义了四种不同生命周期的过滤器类型，具体如下：
pre：路由之前
routing：路由之时
post： 路由之后
error：发送错误调用
filterOrder：过滤的顺序
shouldFilter：这里可以写逻辑判断，是否要过滤，本文true,永远过滤。
run：过滤器的具体逻辑。可用很复杂，包括查sql，nosql去判断该请求到底有没有权限访问。
这时访问：http://localhost:8769/api-a/hi?name=forezp ；网页显示：

token is empty

访问 http://localhost:8769/api-a/hi?name=forezp&token=22 ；
网页显示：

hi forezp,i am from port:8762