mysql 基于 ssl 的主从复制
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1、创建证书中心
创建证书颁发机构，首先要生成ca自己的私钥，如下：
cd /etc/pki/CA
(umask 077;openssl genrsa -out /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem 2048)
生成自签证书,由于需要输入大量用户信息（在私有的CA上创建证书要注意所有的用户信息需要一致，从国家到部门都要相同，否则会造成证书无法使用）
生成自签名证书
openssl req -new -x509 -key /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem -out /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem -days 3650
-x509是创建自签证书是需要的参数，在创建其他证书时不能加该参数
然后创建ca所需文件，如下：
cd /etc/pki/CA
touch index.txt
echo 01 > serial
2、为master服务器创建证书
服务器的名称必须固定，在申请证书时要输入服务器的通用名称，此通用名称必须与服务器外网申请的域名相同。
创建私钥
mkdir /home/mysql/
cd /home/mysql
(umask 077;openssl genrsa -out master.key 2048)
生成证书申请文件
openssl req -new -key master.key -out master.csr
在证书服务器上对master的证书进行签发
cd /etc/pki/CA
openssl ca -in /home/mysql/master.csr -out /home/mysql/master.crt -days 365
3、创建slave服务器证书
(umask 077;openssl genrsa -out slave.key 2048)
openssl req -new -key slave.key -out slave.csr
将slave服务器的证书申请文件复制到证书服务器上进行签发
opessl ca -in slave.csr -out slave.crt -days 356
4、修改证书权限和mysql配置文件
将ca的证书cacert.pem复制到master、slave服务器的相应目录下
cd /home/mysql
cp /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem ./
chown -R mysql:mysql /home/mysql
chmod 600 /home/mysql/*.key
修改master服务器的/etc/my.cnf配置文件：
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
ssl_ca = /home/mysql/cacrt.pem
ssl_cert = /home/mysql/master.crt
ssl_key = /home/mysql/master.key
修改slave服务器配置
vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
ssl_ca = /home/mysql/cacrt.pem
ssl_cert = /home/mysql/slave.crt
ssl_key = /home/mysql/slave.key
5、在主服务器上创建复制用户
> grant replication slave on *.* to ‘repl‘@‘192.168.%‘ identified by ‘repl‘ require ssl;
> flush privileges;
查看主服务器当前二进制位置
mysql> show master status ;
+————————-+————+———————+————————–+————————–+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+————————-+————+———————+————————–+————————–+
| mysql-bin.000007 | 1015 | | | |
+————————-+————+———————+————————–+—————————+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
6、在从服务器上开始复制
change master to
master_host=‘192.168.0.66‘,
master_user=‘repl‘,
master_password=‘repl‘,
master_log_file=‘mysql-bin.000007‘,
master_log_pos=1015,
master_ssl=1,
master_ssl_ca=‘/home/mysql/cacrt.pem‘,
master_ssl_cert=‘/home/mysql/slave.crt‘,
master_ssl_key=‘/home/mysql/slave.key‘;
start slave;
show slave status;
7 排错
导致lave_IO_Running 为connecting 的原因主要有以下 3 个方面：
网络不通
密码不对
pos不对
解决步骤：
对于第一个问题，一般情况下都是可以排除的，也是最容易排除的。
在主库上修改用来复制的用户的密码。
在做chang to 的时候注意log_pos 是否跟此时主机的相同
在主机上 show master status \G ;可以查看到
8 线上实例
服务器端配置如下：
[[email protected] ~]$ cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mysqld according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
skip_name_resolve
open_files_limit=8192
#ssl configure
ssl_ca=/home/mysql/cacert.crt
ssl_cert=/home/mysql/mysql.crt
ssl_key=/home/mysql/mysql.key
log-bin=mysql-bin
expire_logs_days=5
server-id=1
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-ignore-db=zabbix
slow_query_log_file=/var/log/mysql/slow.log
log_queries_not_using_indexes=1
long_query_time=5
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_buffer_pool_size=64M
log_slave_updates
relay-log=relay-bin
relay-log-space-limit=512000000
slave-net-timeout=360
[mysql]
default_character_set=utf8
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[[email protected] ~]$ ll /home/mysql/
总用量 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1318 6月 23 06:09 cacert.crt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 3715 6月 23 06:05 mysql.crt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 651 6月 23 06:03 mysql.csr
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql 891 6月 23 06:02 mysql.key
[[email protected] ~]$
slave端配置如下：
[[email protected] ~]$ cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mysqld according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
skip_name_resolve
open_files_limit=8192
#ssl configure
ssl_ca=/home/mysql/cacert.crt
ssl_cert=/home/mysql/mysql.crt
ssl_key=/home/mysql/mysql.key
log-bin=mysql-bin
expire_logs_days=5
server-id=2
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-ignore-db=zabbix
slow_query_log_file=/var/log/mysql/slow.log
log_queries_not_using_indexes=1
long_query_time=5
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_buffer_pool_size=64M
log_slave_updates
relay-log=relay-bin
relay-log-space-limit=512000000
slave-net-timeout=360
[mysql]
default_character_set=utf8
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[client]
ssl_ca=/home/mysql/cacert.crt
ssl_cert=/home/mysql/mysql.crt
ssl_key=/home/mysql/mysql.key
[e[email protected] ~]$
mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.0.66
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 259
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 253
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql,zabbix
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 259
Relay_Log_Space: 403
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: Yes
Master_SSL_CA_File: /home/mysql/cacert.crt
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert: /home/mysql/mysql.crt
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key: /home/mysql/mysql.key
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
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