zabbix实现对mysql数据库主从监控
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1.主从关系建立
配置mysql-master端：
1）修改mysql-master的配置文件
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server_id=1
innodb_file_per_table
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-bin=/data/log-bin/bin
binlog_format=row
……2）启动mysql服务，并授权从服务用户
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable mariadb3）查看当前二进制日志位置
MariaDB [(none)]> show master logs;
+------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+------------+-----------+
| bin.000001 | 307 |4）授予从服务用户权限
MariaDB [(none)]> grant REPLICATION CLIENT on *.* to [email protected]‘192.168.1.16‘ identified by ‘slave‘;5）刷新权限
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;配置mysql-slave端：
1）修改从服务mysql-slave的数据库配置文件
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server_id=2
read_only
innodb_file_per_table
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock2）登入数据库，建立组从连接
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to
master_host=‘192.168.1.15‘,
master_user=‘slave‘,
master_password=‘slave‘,
master_log_file=‘bin.000001‘,
master_log_pos=307;3）启动主从连接
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;4）查看主从连接是否成功
ariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.15
Master_User: slave
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 321
Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000018
Relay_Log_Pos: 531
Relay_Master_Log_File: bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes #两个io进程启动，主从连接启动
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 321
Relay_Log_Space: 1113
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 #主从同步数据延迟
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Using_Gtid: No
Gtid_IO_Pos:
Replicate_Do_Domain_Ids:
Replicate_Ignore_Domain_Ids:
Parallel_Mode: conservative2.在从服务端mysql-slave配置zabbix-agent代理客户端（centos7.6）
1）安装zabbix-agent客户端
[email protected] percona-zabbix-tools]# yum install zabbix-agent -y2）修改agent配置文件
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
EnableRemoteCommands=1 #允许远程命令
Server=192.168.1.14,192.168.1.20 #必须都指定监控服务端和proxy代理服务端的ip，否则会导致监控端或proxy代理端无法zabbix_get key值
ServerActive=192.168.1.20 #主动模式下的代理地址
Hostname=192.168.1.16 #为方便区分主机名改为本机的ip地址
Include=/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/*.conf #包含的子目录
UnsafeUserParameters=1 #允许参数中的所有字符传递给用户定义的参数3）下载percona-zabbix监控mysql数据库包
https://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-monitoring-plugins/LATEST/ #percona-zabbix官网地址
[[email protected] percona-zabbix-tools]# wget https://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-monitoring-plugins/percona-monitoring-plugins-1.1.8/binary/redhat/7/x86_64/percona-zabbix-templates-1.1.8-1.noarch.rpm4）查看安装的percona-zabbix-templates生成的列表
[[email protected] percona-zabbix-tools]# rpm -ql percona-zabbix-templates
/var/lib/zabbix/percona
/var/lib/zabbix/percona/scripts
/var/lib/zabbix/percona/scripts/get_mysql_stats_wrapper.sh
/var/lib/zabbix/percona/scripts/ss_get_mysql_stats.php
/var/lib/zabbix/percona/templates
/var/lib/zabbix/percona/templates/userparameter_percona_mysql.conf
/var/lib/zabbix/percona/templates/zabbix_agent_template_percona_mysql_server_ht_2.0.9-sver1.1.8.xml5）将percona的配置文件复制到/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/目录下
[[email protected] ~]#cp /var/lib/zabbix/percona/templates/userparameter_percona_mysql.conf /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/6）percona配置文件里保存的全是获取mysql数据库监控项的key
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/userparameter_percona_mysql.conf
UserParameter=MySQL.Com-select,/var/lib/zabbix/percona/scripts/get_mysql_stats_wrapper.sh jx
UserParameter=MySQL.Qcache-total-blocks,/var/lib/zabbix/percona/scripts/get_mysql_stats_wrapper.sh js
UserParameter=MySQL.Handler-read-prev,/var/lib/zabbix/percona/scripts/get_mysql_stats_wrapper.sh mt
UserParameter=MySQL.Sort-rows,/var/lib/zabbix/percona/scripts/get_mysql_stats_wrapper.sh ks
UserParameter=MySQL.Qcache-free-memory,/var/lib/zabbix/percona/scripts/get_mysql_stats_wrapper.sh jm
UserParameter=MySQL.pages-read,/var/lib/zabbix/percona/scripts/get_mysql_stats_wrapper.sh gu
…..
UserParameter=MySQL.Key-read-requests,/var/lib/zabbix/percona/scripts/get_mysql_stats_wrapper.sh gg7）查看/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/目录下的配置文件
[[email protected] ~]# ls /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/
userparameter_mysql.conf userparameter_percona_mysql.conf8）删除userparameter_mysql.conf 配置文件，为agent自带的配置文件，避免配置冲突
[[email protected] ~]# rm /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/userparameter_mysql.conf9）配置php环境
[[email protected] ~]#yum install php php-mysql -y10）php连接本地数据库配置
[[email protected] ~]# vim /var/lib/zabbix/percona/scripts/ss_get_mysql_stats.php.cnf
<?php
$mysql_user = ‘root‘;
$mysql_pass = ‘‘; #没有设置密码就为空11）启动zabbix-agent服务
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-agent12）测试与本地数据库的连接，若不能获取数字，说明没有装PHP环境或者上一步配置的数据库密码不对
[[email protected] ~]# /var/lib/zabbix/percona/scripts/get_mysql_stats_wrapper.sh gg
413）当上一步测试通过后，会自动生成localhost-mysql_cacti_stats.txt文件，记录了mysql当前运行状态的数据信息
[[[email protected] ~]# cat /tmp/localhost-mysql_cacti_stats.txt
gg:4 gh:2 gi:2 gj:2 gk:5 gl:2832 gm:0 gn:3 go:0 gp:0 gq:8191 gr:8028 gs:163 gt:0 gu:157 gv:6 gw:27 gx:24 gy:175 gz:43 hg:18 hh:0 hi:0 hj:0 hk:-1 hl:0 hm:0 hn:-1 ho:0 hp:0 hq:0 hr:0 hs:0 ht:836 hu:1208 hv:11 hw:0 hx:0 hy:0 hz:0 ig:0 ih:35 ii:0 ij:29 ik:11 il:17 im:431 in:1024 io:431 ip:0 iq:0 ir:1 is:0 it:0 iu:1 iv:2 iw:1 ix:151 iy:0 iz:6 jg:0 jh:0 ji:0 jj:0 jk:0 jl:1 jm:1031336 jn:0 jo:0 jp:0 jq:0 jr:0 js:1 jt:1048576 ju:8 jv:0 jw:0 jx:1 jy:0 jz:0 kg:0 kh:0 ki:0 kj:0 kk:0 kl:0 km:0 kn:0 ko:0 kp:2 kq:0 kr:0 ks:0 kt:0 ku:2 kv:0 kw:6 kx:4886 ky:2250 kz:16777216 lg:0 lh:1632681 li:1632681 lj:1269 lk:32768 ll:0 lm:0 ln:-1 lo:0 lp:0 lq:0 lr:0 ls:0 lt:0 lu:1 lv:0 lw:0 lx:0 ly:0 lz:0 mg:0 mh:0 mi:0 mj:0 mk:0 ml:2 mm:3 mn:1 mo:0 mp:0 mq:5 mr:2 ms:0 mt:0 mu:0 mv:42 mw:0 mx:0 my:0 mz:0 ng:4 nh:0 ni:0 nj:-1 nk:-1 nl:-1 nm:-1 nn:0 no:1 np:0 nq:2 nr:2217568 ns:139112 nt:645374 nu:817696 nv:333952 nw:0 nx:-1 ny:-1 nz:-1 og:0 oh:24484864 oi:134217728 oj:0 ok:0 ol:-1 om:-1 on:-1 oo:-1 op:-1 oq:-1 or:-1 os:-1 ot:-1 ou:-1 ov:-1 ow:-1 ox:-1 oy:-1 oz:-1 pg:-1 ph:-1 pi:-1 pj:-1 pk:-1 pl:-1 pm:-1 pn:-1 po:-1 pp:-1 pq:-1 pr:-1 ps:-1 pt:-1 pu:-1 pv:-1 pw:-1 px:-1 py:0 pz:-1 qg:-1 qh:0 qi:-1 qj:-1 qk:-1 ql:-1 qm:-1 qn:-1 qo:158 qp:67614）必须删除localhost-mysql_cacti_stats.txt文件，在本地自动生成的此文件权限为root，否则在server端将无权限获取mysql中的数据
[email protected] ~]# ll /tmp/localhost-mysql_cacti_stats.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1228 Jul 15 23:52 /tmp/localhost-mysql_cacti_stats.txt15）将其删除
[email protected] ~]#rm -rf /tmp/localhost-mysql_cacti_stats.txt3.在zabbix-server监控服务端创建zabbix-proxy的数据库，和授权用户
1）创建zabbix-proxy服务端的数据库
MariaDB [(none)]> create database zabbix_proxy_active character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;2）创建zabbix-proxy服务端的数据库授权用户
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on zabbix_proxy_active.* to [email protected] identified by ‘zabbix_proxy_active‘;3）查看创建的zabbix-proxy服务端数据库
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+---------------------+
| Database |
+---------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| zabbix |
| zabbix_proxy_active |
+---------------------+
5 rows in set (0.04 sec)4）权限刷新
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)5）查看授权用户所拥有的权限
MariaDB [(none)]> show grants for [email protected]‘192.168.1.20‘;
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for [email protected] |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO ‘zabbix_proxy_active‘@‘192.168.1.20‘ IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD ‘*A63355661598C0599A07E41CE45344B7131CDF89‘ |
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `zabbix_proxy_active`.* TO ‘zabbix_proxy_active‘@‘192.168.1.20‘ |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+4.在zabbix-proxy代理服务端进行配置（ubuntu系统18.4）
1）配置好仓库源
[email protected]:~# wget https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.0/debian/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_4.0-2+stretch_all.deb
[email protected]:~# dpkg -i zabbix-release_4.0-2+stretch_all.deb
[email protected]:~# apt update2）下载安装proxy代理软件
[email protected]:~# apt install zabbix-proxy-mysql -y3）安装zabbix_get测试命令包
[email protected]:~# apt install zabbix-get -y4）查看安装好的zabbix-proxy-mysql
[email protected]:~# dpkg -l | grep zabbix
ii zabbix-get 1:4.0.10-1+bionic amd64 Zabbix network monitoring solution - get
ii zabbix-proxy-mysql 1:4.0.10-1+bionic amd64 Zabbix network monitoring solution - proxy (MySQL)
ii zabbix-release 1:4.0-2+bionic all Zabbix official repository configuration5）测试是否能够访问zabbix-proxy的数据库
[email protected]:~# mysql -uzabbix_proxy_active -pzabbix_proxy_active -h192.168.1.14
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 58
Server version: 10.1.40-MariaDB-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 Ubuntu 18.04
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+---------------------+
| Database |
+---------------------+
| information_schema |
| zabbix_proxy_active | #可以看到此数据库
+---------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)6）返回shell的命令行初始化zabbix-proxy服务端的数据库
[email protected]:~# zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-proxy-mysql/schema.sql.gz |
mysql -uzabbix_proxy_active -pzabbix_proxy_active -h192.168.1.14 zabbix_proxy_active7）在查看数据库，zabbix-proxy的数据中是否导入表格
[email protected]:~# mysql -uzabbix_proxy_active -pzabbix_proxy_active -h192.168.1.14
MariaDB [(none)]> use zabbix_proxy_active;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [zabbix_proxy_active]> show tables;
……
| task_acknowledge |
| task_check_now |
| task_close_problem |
| task_remote_command |
| task_remote_command_result |
| timeperiods |
| trends |
| trends_uint |
| trigger_depends |
| trigger_discovery |
| trigger_tag |
| triggers |
| users |
| users_groups |
| usrgrp |
| valuemaps |
| widget |
| widget_field |
+-------------------------------+
144 rows in set (0.00 sec)8）修改proxy代理服务的配置文件
[email protected]:~# grep ‘^[a-Z]‘ /etc/zabbix/zabbix_proxy.conf
ProxyMode=0 #0表示开启主动模式
Server=192.168.1.14 #服务端的ip地址
Hostname=zabbix_proxy_active #proxy代理主机名,在web端添加此代理是必须与此处主机名相同
ListenPort=10051 #proxy监听的端口
LogFileSize=0 #关闭日志自动轮换
DBHost=192.168.1.14 #数据库主机
DBName=zabbix_proxy_active #数据库名
DBUser=zabbix_proxy_active #数据库用户
DBPassword=zabbix_proxy_active #数据库密码
ProxyLocalBuffer=24 #数据访问服务端后，本地保存数据时间为720小时
ProxyOfflineBuffer=24 #未提交数据到服务端，本地保存数据的时间为720小时
ConfigFrequency=10 #间隔多久到服务端获取监控项信息，默认3600秒
DataSenderFrequency=5 #数据发送时间间隔，默认为1秒
CacheSize=2G #保存监控项的最大内存，默认为8M
HistoryCacheSize=2G #保存监控历史数据的最大内存，默认为16M
Timeout=30 #监控项超时时间，单位秒
LogSlowQueries=3000 #多久的数据库查询会被记录到日志，单位毫秒9）重新启动proxy服务，载入配置好的配置文件
[email protected]:~# systemctl restart zabbix-proxy
[email protected]:~# systemctl enable zabbix-proxy10）查看proxy是否启动
● zabbix-proxy.service - Zabbix Proxy
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-proxy.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2019-07-16 18:06:43 CST; 2h 36min ago
Process: 4514 ExecStop=/bin/kill -SIGTERM $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 4515 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/zabbix_proxy -c $CONFFILE (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 4527 (zabbix_proxy)
Tasks: 25 (limit: 2293)
CGroup: /system.slice/zabbix-proxy.service
├─4527 /usr/sbin/zabbix_proxy -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_proxy.conf
├─4531 /usr/sbin/zabbix_proxy: configuration syncer [synced config 4069 bytes in 0.056334 sec, idle 3600 sec]
├─4532 /usr/sbin/zabbix_proxy: heartbeat sender [sending heartbeat message success in 0.001186 sec, idle 60 sec]
├─4533 /usr/sbin/zabbix_proxy: data sender [sent 0 values in 0.014112 sec, idle 1 sec]
├─4534 /usr/sbin/zabbix_proxy: housekeeper [deleted 1454 records in 0.135417 sec, idle for 1 hour(s)]
├─4535 /usr/sbin/zabbix_proxy: http poller #1 [got 0 values in 0.003211 sec, idle 5 sec]
……5.在zabbix-server端配置
1）在web端添加proxy代理
2）web端创建mysql-slave从服务主机并添加代理
3）添加一个mysql模板
4）监控服务端命令行测试，获取msyql数据库key的值，能够获取值，则证明监控端与被监控端成功建立连接
[email protected]:~# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.16 -p 10050 -k MySQL.Key-read-requests
4
[email protected]:~# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.16 -p 10050 -k MySQL.Qcache-free-memory
1031336
5）web端查看成功添加被监控的mysql从服务
6）在mysql从服务端查看到新生成的localhost-mysql_cacti_stats.txt文件是有监控服务端创建的，且属主和属组都为zabbix
[[email protected] ~]# ll /tmp/localhost-mysql_cacti_stats.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 zabbix zabbix 1235 Jul 16 01:00 /tmp/localhost-mysql_cacti_stats.txt6.创建自定义mysql主从监控模板、监控项
在mysql-slave端：
1）编写自定义监控脚本
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/mysql_monitor.sh
#!/bin/bash
master_slave_check()
num1=`mysql -uroot -e "show slave status\G" | grep "Slave_IO_Running" | awk -F":" ‘print $2‘`
num2=`mysql -uroot -e "show slave status\G" | grep "Slave_SQL_Running" | awk -F":" ‘print $2‘`
if test $num1 == "Yes" && test $num2 == "Yes";then
echo 60
else
echo 120
fi
mysql_sync_delay()
num=`mysql -uroot -e "show slave status\G" | grep "Seconds_Behind_Master" | awk -F":" ‘print $2‘`
echo $num
menu()
case $1 in
master_slave_check)
master_slave_check
;;
mysql_sync_delay)
mysql_sync_delay
;;
esac
menu $12）编写自定义监控项的配置文件，含有监控项的键值
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/mysql-master-slave.conf
UserParameter=mysql_test[*],/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/mysql_monitor.sh $13）脚本加上执行权限，避免在monitor-server端无权限获取key的值
[[email protected] ~]# chmod a+x mysql_monitor.sh4）重新启动本机的agent服务
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-agent在zabbix-proxy服务端测试，是否能获取被监控端mysql-slave服务的key的值
[email protected]:~# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.16 -p 10050 -k "mysql_test[mysql_sync_delay]"
0
[email protected]:~# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.16 -p 10050 -k "mysql_test[master_slave_check]"
60在zabbix-server端先执行测试，是否能获取被监控端的key的值
1）利用zabbix-get命令测试
[email protected]:~# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.16 -p 10050 -k "mysql_test[mysql_sync_delay]"
0
[email protected]:~# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.16 -p 10050 -k "mysql_test[master_slave_check]"
602）当将mysql-slave服务停止，可以看到显示的数值为120，证明mysql-slave服务已断开
[email protected]:~# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.16 -p 10050 -k "mysql_test[master_slave_check]"
1203）在监控web端进行模板创建
4）给此模板创建一个应用集，是用来给监控项分类
5）在应用集中添加监控项
6）添加触发的动作，当数值大于65证明连接失败
7）给指定监控项创建图形显示
8）将自定义创建好的模板添加到需要监控的mysql-slave主机
9）再查看mysql-slave主机图形，红色为警戒线，绿色为正常
10）当mysql-slave服务挂掉时在查看此图，获取的数值已经超过红色警戒线，证明主从连接断开，已挂
11）仪表盘出现报警故障信息
12）进入报警查看详情
13）显示报警详细内容
14）点击不
15）问题解决后关闭报警通知
16）仪表盘恢复正常
17）再查看图形，以已下降到警戒线之下，恢复正常，主从已连接
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