基于 Kubernetes v1.14.0 之 vpa 部署
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1、部署准备说明：所有的容器组都运行在kube-system 命名空间
本文参考https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler
由于官方维护的版本在现有的部署环境出现问题所以下面做了一些修改及变更不影响整体效果
同时vpa只作为学习使用，生产环境可能会出现一些未知问题，它会重新创建pod 可能业务会出现短暂的中断2、准备相关yaml
git clone https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler
cd autoscaler/vertical-pod-autoscaler/deploy/
## 删除没用的crd
rm -rf vpa-beta2-crd.yaml vpa-crd.yaml vpa-beta-crd.yaml3、创建admission-controller 使用证书
cd autoscaler/vertical-pod-autoscaler/deploy/
cat << EOF | tee /apps/work/k8s/cfssl/k8s/vpa_webhook.json
"CN": "vpa-webhook.kube-system.svc",
"hosts": [],
"key":
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
,
"names": [
"C": "CN",
"ST": "GuangDong",
"L": "GuangZhou",
"O": "niuke",
"OU": "niuke"
]
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=/apps/work/k8s/cfssl/pki/k8s/k8s-ca.pem -ca-key=/apps/work/k8s/cfssl/pki/k8s/k8s-ca-key.pem -config=/apps/work/k8s/cfssl/ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes /apps/work/k8s/cfssl/k8s/vpa_webhook.json | cfssljson -bare ./vpa_webhook
### 重命名证书
cp /opt/k8s/cfssl/pki/k8s/k8s-ca.pem ./caCert.pem
mv vpa_webhook.pem serverCert.pem
mv vpa_webhook-key.pem serverKey.pem
### 创建 secret
kubectl create secret --namespace=kube-system generic vpa-tls-certs --from-file=caCert.pem --from-file=serverKey.pem --from-file=serverCert.pem
kubectl get secret -n kube-system | grep vpa-tls-certs
kubectl get secret vpa-tls-certs -n kube-system -o yaml 4、修改yaml
4.1、vpa-rbac
vi vpa-rbac.yaml
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
name: system:metrics-reader
rules:
- apiGroups:
- "metrics.k8s.io"
resources:
- pods
verbs:
- get
- list
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
name: system:vpa-actor
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- pods
- nodes
- limitranges
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- events
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- create
- apiGroups:
- "poc.autoscaling.k8s.io"
resources:
- verticalpodautoscalers
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- patch
- apiGroups:
- "autoscaling.k8s.io"
resources:
- verticalpodautoscalers
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- patch
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
name: system:vpa-checkpoint-actor
rules:
- apiGroups:
- "poc.autoscaling.k8s.io"
resources:
- verticalpodautoscalercheckpoints
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- create
- patch
- delete
- apiGroups:
- "autoscaling.k8s.io"
resources:
- verticalpodautoscalercheckpoints
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- create
- patch
- delete
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- namespaces
verbs:
- get
- list
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
name: system:evictioner
rules:
- apiGroups:
- "extensions"
resources:
- replicasets
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- pods/eviction
verbs:
- create
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: system:metrics-reader
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:metrics-reader
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: vpa-recommender
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: system:vpa-actor
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:vpa-actor
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: vpa-recommender
namespace: kube-system
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: vpa-updater
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: system:vpa-checkpoint-actor
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:vpa-checkpoint-actor
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: vpa-recommender
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
name: system:vpa-target-reader
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- replicationcontrollers
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- apps
resources:
- daemonsets
- deployments
- replicasets
- statefulsets
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- batch
resources:
- jobs
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: system:vpa-target-reader-binding
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:vpa-target-reader
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: vpa-recommender
namespace: kube-system
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: vpa-admission-controller
namespace: kube-system
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: vpa-updater
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: system:vpa-evictionter-binding
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:evictioner
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: vpa-updater
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: vpa-admission-controller
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
name: system:admission-controller
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- pods
- configmaps
- nodes
- limitranges
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- "admissionregistration.k8s.io"
resources:
- mutatingwebhookconfigurations
verbs:
- create
- delete
- get
- list
- apiGroups:
- "poc.autoscaling.k8s.io"
resources:
- verticalpodautoscalers
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- "autoscaling.k8s.io"
resources:
- verticalpodautoscalers
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: system:admission-controller
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:admission-controller
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: vpa-admission-controller
namespace: kube-system4.2、vpa-v1-crd
vi vpa-v1-crd.yaml
---
apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: CustomResourceDefinition
metadata:
name: verticalpodautoscalers.autoscaling.k8s.io
spec:
group: autoscaling.k8s.io
scope: Namespaced
names:
plural: verticalpodautoscalers
singular: verticalpodautoscaler
kind: VerticalPodAutoscaler
shortNames:
- vpa
version: v1beta1
versions:
- name: v1beta1
served: true
storage: false
- name: v1beta2
served: true
storage: true
- name: v1
served: true
storage: false
validation:
# openAPIV3Schema is the schema for validating custom objects.
openAPIV3Schema:
properties:
spec:
required: []
properties:
targetRef:
type: object
updatePolicy:
properties:
updateMode:
type: string
resourcePolicy:
properties:
containerPolicies:
type: array
---
apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: CustomResourceDefinition
metadata:
name: verticalpodautoscalercheckpoints.autoscaling.k8s.io
spec:
group: autoscaling.k8s.io
scope: Namespaced
names:
plural: verticalpodautoscalercheckpoints
singular: verticalpodautoscalercheckpoint
kind: VerticalPodAutoscalerCheckpoint
shortNames:
- vpacheckpoint
version: v1beta1
versions:
- name: v1beta1
served: true
storage: false
- name: v1beta2
served: true
storage: true
- name: v1
served: true
storage: false4.3、admission-controller-deployment
vi admission-controller-deployment.yaml
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: vpa-admission-controller
namespace: kube-system
spec:
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: vpa-admission-controller
spec:
serviceAccountName: vpa-admission-controller
containers:
- name: admission-controller
image: juestnow/vpa-admission-controller:0.5.0
imagePullPolicy: Always
env:
- name: NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: tls-certs
mountPath: "/etc/tls-certs"
readOnly: true
resources:
limits:
cpu: 200m
memory: 500Mi
requests:
cpu: 50m
memory: 200Mi
ports:
- name: vpa-webhook
containerPort: 8000
- name: http-metrics
containerPort: 8944
volumes:
- name: tls-certs
secret:
secretName: vpa-tls-certs
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: vpa-webhook
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: vpa-admission-controller
spec:
ports:
- name: vpa-webhook
port: 443
targetPort: 8000
- name: http-metrics
port: 8944
protocol: TCP
selector:
app: vpa-admission-controller
---
apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: ServiceMonitor
metadata:
name: vpa-admission-controller
namespace: monitoring
spec:
endpoints:
- interval: 15s
port: http-metrics
namespaceSelector:
matchNames:
- kube-system
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: vpa-admission-controller4.4、updater-deployment
vi updater-deployment.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: vpa-updater
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: vpa-updater
namespace: kube-system
spec:
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: vpa-updater
spec:
serviceAccountName: vpa-updater
containers:
- name: updater
image: juestnow/vpa-updater:0.5.0
imagePullPolicy: Always
resources:
limits:
cpu: 200m
memory: 1000Mi
requests:
cpu: 50m
memory: 500Mi
ports:
- name: http-metrics
containerPort: 8943
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: vpa-updater
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: vpa-updater
spec:
clusterIP: None
ports:
- name: http-metrics
port: 8943
protocol: TCP
selector:
app: vpa-updater
---
apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: ServiceMonitor
metadata:
name: vpa-updater
namespace: monitoring
spec:
endpoints:
- interval: 15s
port: http-metrics
namespaceSelector:
matchNames:
- kube-system
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: vpa-updater4.5、recommender-deployment
vi recommender-deployment.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: vpa-recommender
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: vpa-recommender
namespace: kube-system
spec:
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: vpa-recommender
spec:
serviceAccountName: vpa-recommender
containers:
- name: recommender
image: juestnow/vpa-recommender:0.5.0
imagePullPolicy: Always
args:
- "--v=4"
- "--stderrthreshold=info"
- "--storage=prometheus"
- "--prometheus-address=http://prometheus-k8s.monitoring.svc:9090"
- "--prometheus-cadvisor-job-name=kubelet"
resources:
limits:
cpu: 200m
memory: 1000Mi
requests:
cpu: 50m
memory: 500Mi
ports:
- name: http-metrics
containerPort: 8942
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: vpa-recommender
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: vpa-recommender
spec:
clusterIP: None
ports:
- name: http-metrics
port: 8942
protocol: TCP
selector:
app: vpa-recommender
---
apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: ServiceMonitor
metadata:
name: vpa-recommender
namespace: monitoring
spec:
endpoints:
- interval: 15s
port: http-metrics
namespaceSelector:
matchNames:
- kube-system
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: vpa-recommender
#### 说明已对vpa-recommender 容器 重新封装了官方容器有一些问题5、执行yaml 创建vpa 相关服务
kubectl apply -f .6、验证vpa 服务是否创建正常
[[email protected] deploy]# kubectl api-versions| grep autoscaling.k8s
autoscaling.k8s.io/v1
autoscaling.k8s.io/v1beta2
[[email protected] deploy]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system -o wide | grep vpa
vpa-admission-controller-79d7cdfc9c-9t7m6 1/1 Running 1 14d 10.65.2.106 nginx-1 <none> <none>
vpa-recommender-5fd87bcbb6-wbgvj 1/1 Running 1 14d 10.65.2.107 nginx-1 <none> <none>
vpa-updater-794499ddc8-hcnrv 1/1 Running 1 14d 10.65.2.104 nginx-1 <none> <none>
[[email protected] deploy]# kubectl get service -n kube-system | grep vpa
vpa-webhook ClusterIP 10.64.220.134 <none> 443/TCP 14d
http://10.65.2.106:8944/metrics
可以看到vpa-admission-controller 监控 指标
http://10.65.2.104:8943/metrics
vpa-updater 监控指标
http://10.65.2.107:8942/metrics
vpa_recommender 监控指标接口
[[email protected] kubernetes-monitor]# kubectl get vpa
No resources found.7 创建测试项目测试vpa
vim nginx.yaml
apiVersion: autoscaling.k8s.io/v1
kind: VerticalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
name: my-rec-vpa
spec:
targetRef:
apiVersion: "apps/v1"
kind: Deployment
name: nginx-controller
updatePolicy:
updateMode: "Auto"
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-controller
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:latest
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- containerPort: 80
resources:
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 50Mi
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx-controller
spec:
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
selector:
app: nginx
kubectl apply -f nginx.yaml
验证 项目部署是否成功
[[email protected] vpa]# kubectl get pod | grep nginx
nginx-controller-7f548944c-lh89n 0/1 Terminating 0 75m
nginx-controller-7f548944c-znwpt 1/1 Running 0 75m
[[email protected] vpa]# kubectl get service | grep nginx
nginx-controller ClusterIP 10.64.32.252 <none> 80/TCP 76m
http://10.64.32.252/
[[email protected] vpa]# kubectl get vpa
NAME AGE
my-rec-vpa 2m56s
[[email protected] vpa]# kubectl describe vpa my-rec-vpa
Name: my-rec-vpa
Namespace: default
Labels: <none>
Annotations: kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration:
"apiVersion":"autoscaling.k8s.io/v1beta1","kind":"VerticalPodAutoscaler","metadata":"annotations":,"name":"my-rec-vpa","namespace":"de...
API Version: autoscaling.k8s.io/v1
Kind: VerticalPodAutoscaler
Metadata:
Creation Timestamp: 2019-06-27T02:47:31Z
Generation: 10
Resource Version: 14368055
Self Link: /apis/autoscaling.k8s.io/v1/namespaces/default/verticalpodautoscalers/my-rec-vpa
UID: e88c46af-9885-11e9-85e9-525400b41cf0
Spec:
Target Ref:
API Version: apps/v1
Kind: Deployment
Name: nginx-controller
Update Policy:
Update Mode: Auto
Status:
Conditions:
Last Transition Time: 2019-06-27T02:47:37Z
Status: True
Type: RecommendationProvided
Recommendation:
Container Recommendations:
Container Name: nginx
Lower Bound:
Cpu: 25m
Memory: 262144k
Target:
Cpu: 25m
Memory: 262144k
Uncapped Target:
Cpu: 25m
Memory: 262144k
Upper Bound:
Cpu: 1595m
Memory: 1667500k
Events: <none>
kubectl get pod -o wide | grep nginx-controller
[[email protected] vpa]# kubectl get pod -o wide | grep nginx-controller
nginx-controller-7f548944c-xm79w 1/1 Running 0 33s 10.65.2.133 nginx-1 <none> <none>
nginx-controller-7f548944c-znwpt 1/1 Running 0 86m 10.65.5.21 node04 <none> <none>
[[email protected] vpa]# kubectl describe pod nginx-controller-7f548944c-znwpt
Name: nginx-controller-7f548944c-znwpt
Namespace: default
Node: node04/192.168.2.167
Start Time: Thu, 27 Jun 2019 09:33:16 +0800
Labels: app=nginx
pod-template-hash=7f548944c
Annotations: podpreset.admission.kubernetes.io/podpreset-allow-lxcfs-tz-env: 13290360
Status: Running
IP: 10.65.5.21
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/nginx-controller-7f548944c
Containers:
nginx:
Container ID: docker://547c23db018073756b7e2266d01ad431a3e78bb05fb5edadc51202401548a79f
Image: nginx:latest
Image ID: docker-pullable://[email protected]:bdbf36b7f1f77ffe7bd2a32e59235dff6ecf131e3b6b5b96061c652f30685f3a
Port: 80/TCP
Host Port: 0/TCP
State: Running
Started: Thu, 27 Jun 2019 09:36:43 +0800
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Requests:
cpu: 100m### 默认yaml 值
memory: 50Mi ### 默认yaml 值
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/etc/localtime from allow-tz-env (rw)
/proc/cpuinfo from proc-cpuinfo (rw)
/proc/diskstats from proc-diskstats (rw)
/proc/meminfo from proc-meminfo (rw)
/proc/stat from proc-stat (rw)
/proc/swaps from proc-swaps (rw)
/proc/uptime from proc-uptime (rw)
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-7b8ng (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
proc-cpuinfo:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /var/lib/lxcfs/proc/cpuinfo
HostPathType:
proc-diskstats:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /var/lib/lxcfs/proc/diskstats
HostPathType:
proc-meminfo:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /var/lib/lxcfs/proc/meminfo
HostPathType:
proc-stat:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /var/lib/lxcfs/proc/stat
HostPathType:
proc-swaps:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /var/lib/lxcfs/proc/swaps
HostPathType:
proc-uptime:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /var/lib/lxcfs/proc/uptime
HostPathType:
allow-tz-env:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai
HostPathType:
default-token-7b8ng:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-7b8ng
Optional: false
QoS Class: Burstable
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/memory-pressure:NoSchedule
node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events: <none>
等待一段时间
再次
kubectl get pod -o wide | grep nginx-controller
[[email protected] vpa]# kubectl get pod -o wide | grep nginx-controller
nginx-controller-7f548944c-8mknl 1/1 Running 0 2m27s 10.65.2.146 nginx-1 <none> <none>
nginx-controller-7f548944c-mcg49 1/1 Running 0 3m30s 10.65.5.35 node04 <none> <none>
POD name 已经改变
再次执行
kubectl describe pod nginx-controller-7f548944c-8mknl
[[email protected] vpa]# kubectl describe pod nginx-controller-7f548944c-8mknl
Name: nginx-controller-7f548944c-8mknl
Namespace: default
Node: nginx-1/192.168.2.186
Start Time: Thu, 27 Jun 2019 11:37:53 +0800
Labels: app=nginx
pod-template-hash=7f548944c
Annotations: podpreset.admission.kubernetes.io/podpreset-allow-lxcfs-tz-env: 13290360
vpaUpdates: Pod resources updated by my-rec-vpa: container 0: cpu request, memory request
Status: Running
IP: 10.65.2.146
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/nginx-controller-7f548944c
Containers:
nginx:
Container ID: docker://46efdddab5036df39e2c0f8044804e022159f09b0e4ac42c8c9591922f8d5263
Image: nginx:latest
Image ID: docker-pullable://[email protected]:bdbf36b7f1f77ffe7bd2a32e59235dff6ecf131e3b6b5b96061c652f30685f3a
Port: 80/TCP
Host Port: 0/TCP
State: Running
Started: Thu, 27 Jun 2019 11:37:58 +0800
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Requests:
cpu: 25m
memory: 262144k
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/etc/localtime from allow-tz-env (rw)
/proc/cpuinfo from proc-cpuinfo (rw)
/proc/diskstats from proc-diskstats (rw)
/proc/meminfo from proc-meminfo (rw)
/proc/stat from proc-stat (rw)
/proc/swaps from proc-swaps (rw)
/proc/uptime from proc-uptime (rw)
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-7b8ng (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
proc-cpuinfo:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /var/lib/lxcfs/proc/cpuinfo
HostPathType:
proc-diskstats:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /var/lib/lxcfs/proc/diskstats
HostPathType:
proc-meminfo:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /var/lib/lxcfs/proc/meminfo
HostPathType:
proc-stat:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /var/lib/lxcfs/proc/stat
HostPathType:
proc-swaps:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /var/lib/lxcfs/proc/swaps
HostPathType:
proc-uptime:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /var/lib/lxcfs/proc/uptime
HostPathType:
allow-tz-env:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai
HostPathType:
default-token-7b8ng:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-7b8ng
Optional: false
QoS Class: Burstable
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/memory-pressure:NoSchedule
node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled 3m20s default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/nginx-controller-7f548944c-8mknl to nginx-1
Normal Pulling 3m4s kubelet, nginx-1 Pulling image "nginx:latest"
Normal Pulled 3m kubelet, nginx-1 Successfully pulled image "nginx:latest"
Normal Created 3m kubelet, nginx-1 Created container nginx
Normal Started 2m59s kubelet, nginx-1 Started container nginx
cpu 内存已经修改为vpa 推荐数值以上是关于基于 Kubernetes v1.14.0 之 vpa 部署的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
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