Centos7源码安装mariadb

Posted 2021-12-09

1，下载并解压安装包到指定目录

下载地址：https://downloads.mariadb.org/
可根据需要下载不同的软件版本

tar xf  mariadb-5.5.31-linux-x86_64.tar.gz   -C /usr/local/

2，创建mysql组和用户

groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
useradd -r -g 306 -u 306 –d /data/mysql mysql

3，进入到解压目录中，并设置目录的所有者和所属组

cd /usr/local
ln -sv mariadb-5.5.31-linux-x86_64 mysql
chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

4，准备配置文件

mkdir /etc/mysql/ #设置配置文件的安装位置
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf 

5，修改配置文件

vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
[mysqld]中添加三个选项：
datadir = /data/mysql #库文件的所在位置，该文件夹的所有者和所属组必须是mysql
innodb_file_per_table = on #数据库中的表分开进行存放 
skip_name_resolve = on #禁止主机名解析，建议使用

6，创建数据库文件

cd /usr/local/mysql/
./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql

如果出现如下错误：
./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
则需要安装
yum -y install  libaio

7，准备服务脚本，并启动服务

cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
service mysqld start

8，设置PATH路径

echo ‘PATH=/user/local/mysql/bin:$PATH’ > /etc/profile.d/mysql

9，安全初始化

service mysqld restart #启动mariadb服务
/user/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y #是否设置root密码
New password: 
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!

By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y #是否移除匿名用户
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from ‘localhost‘.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y #是否禁止root用户远程登录
 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named ‘test‘ that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y #是否删除test库
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y #是否重新加载权限表，让设置生效
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you ave completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB