Android RecyclerView详解及实现瀑布流式布局
Posted
tags:
篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了Android RecyclerView详解及实现瀑布流式布局相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。
RecyclerView一个可以代替ListView和GridView的控件,那么RecyclerView到底比他们好在哪里?
RecyclerView架构提供了一种插拔式的体验,所以实现了代码的高度解耦,使用起来也异常的灵活。
我们可以通过设置它的LayoutManager控制其显示的方式,通过ItemDecoration控制Item间的间隔,通过ItemAnimator控制Item的增删动画
RecyclerView.LayoutManager提供了三个实现类其中LinearLayoutManager 现行管理器,支持横向、纵向,GridLayoutManager 网格布局管理器,StaggeredGridLayoutManager 瀑布就式布局管理器
那么先从LinearLayoutManager看起
先在gradle中引用compile ‘com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:23.4.0‘
Activity布局文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context="com.lg.recyclerviewdemo.LinearActivity"> <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView android:id="@+id/linear_recycler" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"/> </RelativeLayout>
item布局文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:gravity="center"> <ImageView android:layout_width="70dp" android:layout_height="70dp" android:src="@drawable/android" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/recycler_item_tv" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="100dp" android:layout_marginLeft="20dp" android:gravity="center" android:textColor="@color/colorPrimary" android:textSize="20sp" android:textStyle="bold" /> </LinearLayout> </RelativeLayout>
在Acitvity中初始化数据:
mDatas = new ArrayList<String>(); for (int i = 1; i <= 65; i++) { mDatas.add("item"+i); }
核心代码:
recyclerAdapter = new RecyclerAdapter(); //设置布局管理器 linear_recycler.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this)); //设置adapter linear_recycler.setAdapter(recyclerAdapter); //添加分割线 linear_recycler.addItemDecoration(new DividerLinearItemDecoration(this, DividerLinearItemDecoration.VERTICAL_LIST));
接下来自制adapter:
public class RecyclerAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<LinearHolder> { private View view; @Override public LinearHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) { //利用反射将item的布局加载出来 view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.recycler_item, null); //new一个我们的ViewHolder,findViewById操作都在LinearHolder的构造方法中进行了 return new LinearHolder(view); } @Override public void onBindViewHolder(LinearHolder holder, int position) { holder.recycler_item.setText(MainActivity.mDatas.get(position)); } @Override public int getItemCount() { return MainActivity.mDatas.size(); } } class LinearHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder { TextView recycler_item; public LinearHolder(View itemView) { super(itemView); recycler_item = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.recycler_item_tv); }
再绘画它的分割线:
public class DividerLinearItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration { private static final int[] ATTRS = new int[]{ android.R.attr.listDivider }; public static final int HORIZONTAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL; public static final int VERTICAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL; private Drawable mDivider; private int mOrientation; public DividerLinearItemDecoration(Context context, int orientation) { final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(ATTRS); mDivider = a.getDrawable(0); a.recycle(); setOrientation(orientation); } public void setOrientation(int orientation) { if (orientation != HORIZONTAL_LIST && orientation != VERTICAL_LIST) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid orientation"); } mOrientation = orientation; } @Override public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) { if (mOrientation == VERTICAL_LIST) { drawVertical(c, parent); } else { drawHorizontal(c, parent); } } public void drawVertical(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) { final int left = parent.getPaddingLeft(); final int right = parent.getWidth() - parent.getPaddingRight(); final int childCount = parent.getChildCount(); for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) { final View child = parent.getChildAt(i); RecyclerView v = new RecyclerView(parent.getContext()); final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child .getLayoutParams(); final int top = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin; final int bottom = top + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight(); mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom); mDivider.draw(c); } } public void drawHorizontal(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) { final int top = parent.getPaddingTop(); final int bottom = parent.getHeight() - parent.getPaddingBottom(); final int childCount = parent.getChildCount(); for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) { final View child = parent.getChildAt(i); final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child .getLayoutParams(); final int left = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin; final int right = left + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight(); mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom); mDivider.draw(c); } } @Override public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, int itemPosition, RecyclerView parent) { if (mOrientation == VERTICAL_LIST) { outRect.set(0, 0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight()); } else { outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(), 0); } } }
好了,我们来看看效果:
嘛,貌似和ListView没什么区别,还这么麻烦
别急,我们试试GridLayoutManager
很简单,我们只需要改变LayoutManager和ItemDecoration就行了:
grid_recycler.setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager(this,2)); grid_recycler.addItemDecoration(new DividerGridItemDecoration(this));
DividerGridItemDecoration代码:
public class DividerGridItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration { private static final int[] ATTRS = new int[] { android.R.attr.listDivider }; private Drawable mDivider; public DividerGridItemDecoration(Context context) { final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(ATTRS); mDivider = a.getDrawable(0); a.recycle(); } @Override public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) { drawHorizontal(c, parent); drawVertical(c, parent); } private int getSpanCount(RecyclerView parent) { // 列数 int spanCount = -1; RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager = parent.getLayoutManager(); if (layoutManager instanceof GridLayoutManager) { spanCount = ((GridLayoutManager) layoutManager).getSpanCount(); } else if (layoutManager instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager) { spanCount = ((StaggeredGridLayoutManager) layoutManager) .getSpanCount(); } return spanCount; } public void drawHorizontal(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) { int childCount = parent.getChildCount(); for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) { final View child = parent.getChildAt(i); final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child .getLayoutParams(); final int left = child.getLeft() - params.leftMargin; final int right = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin + mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(); final int top = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin; final int bottom = top + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight(); mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom); mDivider.draw(c); } } public void drawVertical(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) { final int childCount = parent.getChildCount(); for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) { final View child = parent.getChildAt(i); final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child .getLayoutParams(); final int top = child.getTop() - params.topMargin; final int bottom = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin; final int left = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin; final int right = left + mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(); mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom); mDivider.draw(c); } } private boolean isLastColum(RecyclerView parent, int pos, int spanCount, int childCount) { RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager = parent.getLayoutManager(); if (layoutManager instanceof GridLayoutManager) { if ((pos + 1) % spanCount == 0)// 如果是最后一列,则不需要绘制右边 { return true; } } else if (layoutManager instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager) { int orientation = ((StaggeredGridLayoutManager) layoutManager) .getOrientation(); if (orientation == StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL) { if ((pos + 1) % spanCount == 0)// 如果是最后一列,则不需要绘制右边 { return true; } } else { childCount = childCount - childCount % spanCount; if (pos >= childCount)// 如果是最后一列,则不需要绘制右边 return true; } } return false; } private boolean isLastRaw(RecyclerView parent, int pos, int spanCount, int childCount) { RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager = parent.getLayoutManager(); if (layoutManager instanceof GridLayoutManager) { childCount = childCount - childCount % spanCount; if (pos >= childCount)// 如果是最后一行,则不需要绘制底部 return true; } else if (layoutManager instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager) { int orientation = ((StaggeredGridLayoutManager) layoutManager) .getOrientation(); // StaggeredGridLayoutManager 且纵向滚动 if (orientation == StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL) { childCount = childCount - childCount % spanCount; // 如果是最后一行,则不需要绘制底部 if (pos >= childCount) return true; } else // StaggeredGridLayoutManager 且横向滚动 { // 如果是最后一行,则不需要绘制底部 if ((pos + 1) % spanCount == 0) { return true; } } } return false; } @Override public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, int itemPosition, RecyclerView parent) { int spanCount = getSpanCount(parent); int childCount = parent.getAdapter().getItemCount(); if (isLastRaw(parent, itemPosition, spanCount, childCount))// 如果是最后一行,则不需要绘制底部 { outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(), 0); } else if (isLastColum(parent, itemPosition, spanCount, childCount))// 如果是最后一列,则不需要绘制右边 { outRect.set(0, 0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight()); } else { outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(), mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight()); } } }
看下效果吧:
渍,有点意思,不过也没那么神乎其神啊
别忘了,我们还有个StaggeredGridLayoutManager没用
展示了那么多纵向的,我们来个横向的,同样改变LayoutManager
stag_grid_recycler.setLayoutManager(new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL));
看下效果:
一个RecyclerView就能实现这么多功能,确实强大啊
不过,你以为这样就完了?下来要放大招了
看标题,瀑布流有木有,你用ListView不会那么简单就实现吧,但是用RecyclerView分分钟
稍微改变item布局,让图片放在字的上面
我们在onBindViewHolder给item设置随机高度:
LayoutParams layoutParams = holder.sg_item.getLayoutParams(); layoutParams.height = heights.get(position);
看下大招效果:
我就问你6不6,6的话还不快关注我(嘎嘎)
好吧,可能吓到你了,什么?点击事件?
好吧,很不幸告诉你,要自己写,对,就是要自己写。
前面已经说过了,RecyclerView实现了高度解耦,非常的灵活(你要干什么,自己去写)。那就写吧!
先写个接口:
public interface OnItemClickLitener { /*点击事件*/ void onItemClick(View view, int position); /*长按事件*/ void onItemLongClick(View view, int position); }
在adapter中加入代码:
private OnItemClickLitener mOnItemClickLitener; public void setOnItemClickLitener(OnItemClickLitener mOnItemClickLitener) { this.mOnItemClickLitener = mOnItemClickLitener; }
onBindViewHolder方法中加入:
holder.sg_item.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { int pos = holder.getLayoutPosition(); mOnItemClickLitener.onItemClick(holder.itemView, pos); } }); holder.sg_item.setOnLongClickListener(new View.OnLongClickListener() { @Override public boolean onLongClick(View v) { int pos = holder.getLayoutPosition(); mOnItemClickLitener.onItemLongClick(holder.itemView, pos); return false; } });
然后在Activity中调用:
staggeredGridAdapter.setOnItemClickLitener(new OnItemClickLitener() { @Override public void onItemClick(View view, int position) { staggeredGridAdapter.notifyItemRemoved(position); } @Override public void onItemLongClick(View view, final int position) { android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(StaggeredGridVActivity.this); builder.setTitle("Delete?") .setNegativeButton("no", null) .setPositiveButton("yes", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { staggeredGridAdapter.notifyItemRemoved(position); Toast.makeText(StaggeredGridVActivity.this,MainActivity.mDatas.get(position),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }).show(); } });
效果图:
怎么样?厉害吧。不过你以为这样就完了?
如果我想要将item托拉拽再加上侧滑删除呢?
首先,如果要实现托拉拽功能,那item长按事件还是不要写代码的,避免事件冲突
然后在Activity中加入代码:
ItemTouchHelper itemTouchHelper = new ItemTouchHelper(callback); itemTouchHelper.attachToRecyclerView(stag_v_recycler);
callback代码:
ItemTouchHelper.Callback callback = new ItemTouchHelper.Callback() { //这个方法是用来设置我们拖动的方向以及侧滑的方向的 @Override public int getMovementFlags(RecyclerView recyclerView, RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder) { //设置拖拽方向为上下左右 final int dragFlags = ItemTouchHelper.UP | ItemTouchHelper.DOWN | ItemTouchHelper.LEFT | ItemTouchHelper.RIGHT; //设置侧滑方向为从左到右和从右到左都可以 final int swipeFlags = ItemTouchHelper.START | ItemTouchHelper.END; //将方向参数设置进去 return makeMovementFlags(dragFlags, swipeFlags); } /** * @param recyclerView * @param viewHolder 拖动的ViewHolder * @param target 目标位置的ViewHolder * @return */ @Override public boolean onMove(RecyclerView recyclerView, RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, RecyclerView.ViewHolder target) { int fromPosition = viewHolder.getAdapterPosition();//得到拖动ViewHolder的position int toPosition = target.getAdapterPosition();//得到目标ViewHolder的position if (fromPosition < toPosition) { //分别把中间所有的item的位置重新交换 for (int i = fromPosition; i < toPosition; i++) { Collections.swap(MainActivity.mDatas, i, i + 1); } } else { for (int i = fromPosition; i > toPosition; i--) { Collections.swap(MainActivity.mDatas, i, i - 1); } } staggeredGridAdapter.notifyItemMoved(fromPosition, toPosition); //返回true表示执行拖动 return true; } @Override public void onSwiped(RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, int direction) { int position = viewHolder.getAdapterPosition(); staggeredGridAdapter.notifyItemRemoved(position); } @Override public void onChildDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView recyclerView, RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, float dX, float dY, int actionState, boolean isCurrentlyActive) { super.onChildDraw(c, recyclerView, viewHolder, dX, dY, actionState, isCurrentlyActive); if (actionState == ItemTouchHelper.ACTION_STATE_SWIPE) { //滑动时改变Item的透明度 final float alpha = 1 - Math.abs(dX) / (float) viewHolder.itemView.getWidth(); viewHolder.itemView.setAlpha(alpha); viewHolder.itemView.setTranslationX(dX); } } };
OK,我们来看看效果:
如果你喜欢我的文章,那就关注我的博客吧,我会不定期的发些技术贴
源码地址:http://down.51cto.com/data/2222200
本文出自 “Android开发专栏” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://liuyvhao.blog.51cto.com/11690759/1787183
以上是关于Android RecyclerView详解及实现瀑布流式布局的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
android 浅析RecyclerView回收复用机制及实战(仿探探效果)