HBase 数据导入 ImportTsv

Posted 2020-11-20

ImportTsv 工具是通过map reduce 完成的。所以要启动yarn. 工具要使用jar包，所以注意配置classpath。ImportTsv默认是通过hbase api 插入数据的

[[email protected] work]$ cat /home/hadoop-user/.bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

        . ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_171-amd64

PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib

HADOOP_HOME=/home/hadoop-user/hadoop-2.8.0

PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin

CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$HADOOP_HOME/lib

HBASE_HOME=/home/hadoop-user/hbase-2.0.0

PATH=$PATH:$HBASE_HOME/bin

CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$HBASE_HOME/lib

ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/home/hadoop-user/zookeeper-3.4.12

PATH=$PATH:$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin

PHOENIX_HOME=/home/hadoop-user/apache-phoenix-5.0.0-alpha-HBase-2.0-bin

PATH=$PATH:$PHOENIX_HOME/bin

export PATH

创建表

hbase(main):033:0> create 'test','cf'

创建要导入的文件

[[email protected] work]$ cat /home/hadoop-user/work/sample1.csv

row10,"mjj10"

row11,"mjj11"

row12,"mjj12"

row14,"mjj13"

将文件放入hdfs

[[email protected] work]$ hdfs dfs -put /home/hadoop-user/work/sample1.csv /sample1.csv

ImportTsv导入命令

hbase org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce.ImportTsv -Dimporttsv.separator="," -Dimporttsv.columns=HBASE_ROW_KEY,cf:a test /sample1.csv

注: HBASE_ROW_KEY表示文件rowid的位置，后面是列的定义。这里意思是导入的列为列族为cf,列名为a。要导入的文件是hdfs中/sample1.csv

帮助中的解释

Usage: importtsv -Dimporttsv.columns=a,b,c <tablename> <inputdir>

Imports the given input directory of TSV data into the specified table.

The column names of the TSV data must be specified using the -Dimporttsv.columns

option. This option takes the form of comma-separated column names, where each

column name is either a simple column family, or a columnfamily:qualifier. The special

column name HBASE_ROW_KEY is used to designate that this column should be used

as the row key for each imported record. You must specify exactly one column

to be the row key, and you must specify a column name for every column that exists in the

input data. Another special columnHBASE_TS_KEY designates that this column should be

used as timestamp for each record. Unlike HBASE_ROW_KEY, HBASE_TS_KEY is optional.

You must specify at most one column as timestamp key for each imported record.

Record with invalid timestamps (blank, non-numeric) will be treated as bad record.

Note: if you use this option, then 'importtsv.timestamp' option will be ignored.

注意: ImportTsv导入的内容，phoenix看不到。事实上，hbase创建的表，Phoenix看不到。phoenix创建的表，hbase能看到，但是内容是编码后的内容。

importtsv 工具默认使用hbase put api导数据.当使用选项 -Dimporttsv.bulk.output时，将会先生成HFILE文件的内部格式的文件。

The importtsv tool, by default, uses the HBase Put API to insert data into the HBase 

table using TableOutputFormat in its map phase. But when the -Dimporttsv.bulk.output option is specified, it instead generates HBase internal format (HFile) files on HDFS

by using HFileOutputFormat. Therefore, we can then use the completebulkload tool to load the generated files into a running cluster. The following steps are to use the bulk output and load tools:

生成HFILE格式的文件命令

hbase org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce.ImportTsv -Dimporttsv.separator="," -Dimporttsv.bulk.output=/hfiles_tsv -Dimporttsv.columns=HBASE_ROW_KEY,cf:a test /sample1.csv

注: 生成hfile格式的文件，存放于hdfs中的/hfile_tsv目录中，目录会由命令自己创建。

[[email protected] work]$ hdfs dfs -ls /hfiles_tsv/cf

18/06/28 10:49:21 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable

Found 1 items

-rw-r--r--   1 hadoop-user supergroup       5125 2018-06-28 10:40 /hfiles_tsv/cf/0e466616d42a4a128fb60caa7dbe075a

注: 0e466616d42a4a128fb60caa7dbe075a的命名格式跟WEB中region的命名格式很像

通过

hadoop jar hbase-server-2.0.0.jar completebulkload /hfiles_tsv 'test'

出现异常； Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: completebulkload

HBASE文档中两种导入方式:

There are two ways to invoke this utility, with explicit classname and via the driver:

Explicit Classname

$ bin/hbase org.apache.hadoop.hbase.tool.LoadIncrementalHFiles <hdfs://storefileoutput> <tablename>

Driver

HADOOP_CLASSPATH=`${HBASE_HOME}/bin/hbase classpath` ${HADOOP_HOME}/bin/hadoop jar ${HBASE_HOME}/hbase-server-VERSION.jar completebulkload <hdfs://storefileoutput> <tablename>