LQ0131 字母阵列DFS

Posted 2022-11-24 海岛Blog

题目来源：蓝桥杯2018初赛 Java C组G题

题目描述
仔细寻找，会发现：在下面的8x8的方阵中，隐藏着字母序列：“LANQIAO”。
SLANQIAO
ZOEXCCGB
MOAYWKHI
BCCIPLJQ
SLANQIAO
RSFWFNYA
XIFZVWAL
COAIQNAL
我们约定: 序列可以水平，垂直，或者是斜向；
并且走向不限（实际上就是有一共8种方向）。
上图中一共有4个满足要求的串。
下面有一个更大的（100x100）的字母方阵。
你能算出其中隐藏了多少个“LANQIAO”吗？

输入格式
本题无输入。
100*100字母方针：in.txt

输出格式
输出一个整数表示答案

问题分析
需要注意的是，字符串“LANQIAO”是8个方向之一的字符串，不可以拐弯。
用DFS来实现。
需要编写一个离线程序来算出结果。离线程序算出的结果是41。
输入数据如下：

FOAIQNALWIKEGNICJWAOSXDHTHZPOLGYELORAUHOHCZIERPTOOJUITQJCFNIYYQHSBEABBQZPNGYQTCLSKZFCYWDGOAIADKLSNGJ
GSOZTQKCCSDWGUWAUOZKNILGVNLMCLXQVBJENIHIVLRPVVXXFTHQUXUAVZZOFFJHYLMGTLANQIAOQQILCDCJERJASNCTLYGRMHGF
TSDFYTLVIBHKLJVVJUDMKGJZGNNSTPVLCKTOFMUEUFSVQIAUVHNVFTGBDDARPKYNNCUOYUAZXQJNOEEYKLFRMOEMHUKJTPETHLES
FKVINSLWEVGAGMKVFVIUBMYOIAFHLVNKNTYKTZWVXQWRWIGPENFXYDTKRVPKRTHMGHVYOCLDCKMEKRLGEKBYUCLOLYPAKPFSOREH
KWPUOLOVMOFBIXYACWRDYBINTMPASPCEOKHXQIGBQQMCEOIVULIEOPFSCSIHENAJCVDPJDOIWIIULFDNOZOFVAMCABVGKAKCOZMG
XWMYRTAFGFOCNHLBGNGOXPJSTWLZUNNAGIRETGXFWAQSSJPFTQAXMTQWMZWYVEPQERKSWTSCHSQOOBGXAQTBCHOEGBDVKGWJIFTG
ZWWJEIISPLMXIMGHOOGDRZFTGNDDWDWMNUFWJYJGULPHNUFSAQNNIUVAAFZIAZKFXXNWCEABGJAUMGYEIEFVQXVHHHEDYUITRCQB
XZHDPZQTOBECJVBZLACVXACZEDYOGVAVQRNWEOWGRAQYUEUESTEDQTYJUTEFOOITSHDDZHONJGBRCWNEQLZUTBNQIADKNFIOMWZR
EBFKCVNLURZSNPOLTISRPDTNUMCDGKTYRGIOVEPTUTSBAWQKWWEUWIWHAANUZUADGZEATZOQICWFUJTWNZDBKLQNELWVTBNDLNFH
PESISEATZNCDFRMXBQUKBFTIGYSFCWVHPMSUSDKPSCOMVLDOHYQVFHAJKRDTAVLIMNZBZSMLMRTLRPSLAHXDBASDMWAAYBPYVJZF
SCCWYHLQOUKBMCEYENQNJXFOMOOJMTKDSHJJOHDKEGATFZHGWJJAZJROWHAZUFGEQKPYXLCAAXHHQBDALPYUDWZQHBASBBCFGQCQ
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MVBNFXMFNPAYSODPXEAYNRKTEZJWMUACSIUYPIORUFPMXAOZZJPJXPFLNSKNIAMETMOVULZPQIJJIRCSYQXOEVRHCNACSBRHKYNW
KGKBTBHGWKVJYZCOVNSKUREKZEIWVLOHAMUAYKLUGHEUESICBZAHURNTJAECTHRNKSIJQFIPVZANSZYSPJWHPKHCAPEYWNXUYQSD
RRRFYQFIQSWYRQTSNGNUFOBMSLGAFWPJGYEHGASFKTJCCZPXFIQLSXNKNWCYVTETOAPCOZJNHEWOCCAWVDEZUQCLLAVUQJJTQCKJ
NMBKMUENVGXXVMQCLXPJDQIQCFWYADIFDSGINGZDJYHPUPXVRMWDIPJRWPNRYOFGYYPEAVKDEMLYRRRMNCRQXPTDSQIVKKGJWDEF
SBAEKIFZCKDOMIQKBDWVQGBYWPDIBOLQUGAQRXLJDAZMXVZXYSNWEWTNZKYREMBEUHOTFOCKEJSXCMUBCKXNGQXTQJRCRCLWJTOI
YXBFBIBRAAFNPKBLTSMCFERZURZNWHMOEHIHNQTBWXNPJGIDYDPRGEWACCBULJRACOFLANQIAOIHMYCNQHVKXSIGAMWAHUSNBBTD
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HOWRIUGMOQTUYIHDWJRFBWWKWYKCICSVBVKTBIIWGFSVIFCTUKIHHUUISCOTEOYRWQXTAEBXQQOLLMOALNIYVCCHNSWIKHMYYNZO
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BORWTNBISSLTVKBRTLWKRNCEDCNEGCIYJIPDICFAVNOISYAHWBLGMNFKXZYTTWJOBEPNMSJEJMHXVPGOJOLQQQVXFGEULANQIAOD
OQETOJHCZXGTUKIWGMEVVMXCURISUOFQSAWZWDMZWVYHZMPEIMWKJDGERODVVUXYRTYLCRGYQQOIOFZSSZRAIESWBQOAIQNALJNR
HEYWHPLLPCUEOCBAOWGAYEJZQJHLVNMVQNSQQGGUBOIMDPFLOVSQGBLYAMBRYJDVOXOQINLJAVYALAKHPKOYNKGXIISSJNGKHYMS
IQVRYKXCUFIRNENEXFJTMOTJWYXSMTDHHPRHWIXETWVVIXZELKLLWRWQYGBCGJNYSUQEFCOUDNIJMLJNLAWSYJGULKBCFPYVSSMW
WQHGWRQFWFOTGPBBSJBDUKOMBXNRPIMCGPGVZFADWTBVIEMVTBXVAFQDDMJALCOMZTXUFFKBQQZDFAMTFWEXTHBKNWRLUVITQXLN
OPPJQKNGHWWPENVQIABJCQNKXNPWOWRFEOKQPQLANQIAORGGOLAYCEGZBHZVLPBERWYIJNJUNXKULUQOJLTNRDZDEYWEMYCHJLLB
LJISOAQLXJEFXVTOZSICOLQIJEXUANJWIFSIMGUQWHBXUDWOEILYFUZTGDZDSPLZPDPXBLFAXLEFQFEPDSJQWEQMXKKHCXHMSATM
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WHZJLKEWUPETVUREKVKCLBNYFLWCERVIPUDINNWGQTUHWXCTDVTMYATYUZLMVLOHKBOGIZCQDOWFBCWJAVUXYUEVRKPOXCKHAWZC
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CUSSTLCRYPDTFSFJFENKJWTEBOBEPLSNXLALQWCKSLVMZQDJITHZKVCCQXTEXOSVAUFYAZXJUOAPPVEEWOIIMOSZZMCOQBRUXWKG
PDOFSCKKJJTRYRWGLEZODQTJSIMXIAOLNMLPHBAYLPTTLPYWILSEIIQVSXNHIJEORVCNJHYXRBIZZJTADGMRTSXVRXYGVQQNUEIC
IHNJOQXUXTXFPALCHOELNVMWDWQTEARUKPIFWXJSMWZLMNLAODUTKNZDYRFRLGBLIBGIBXJBOYMLYLANQIAORORYKSJPOOOAMVRN
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PYIANSGMNKBCDPHWDUPKICQEUDNZPNGRUJYSZIRLXGXXITAFBCANGDLVAQLDPVTJNSAUZMBBNOBBOERSHQIOLBVTSPPJKVCMXUBS
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CURAGWXMLYBSIZLAXFONZZMQMRNNSRQKRHQGFGZUTLONAYRKSSOWAMKZBSGOOYQDPTBHGPBNQEDCZHRTOXREOFJEKJVIZXZBCJPN
KGYBZTZRKOGBETJRUWRNUCIFKIMCZGYTZLCZYGCGKVZRJIFZQIQPTCPPUHYWIXBOFFGSGSAIMNGKKUUROAVNJUQQNSWJRZIZEHAF
DDAOBVCPOVODVJFLSNPJXHWQBHILWZAHQQMTQASNADZLZNXJLJMFCOUWOZJCMVVTYCKTUBABWLCEBNYWAMOLNBQQYBRUJCQCZALE
TVVRPMYFIKINHIUEJBDLTCUMMUWICIUVCZNIQIUEWVAHLANQIAONMEYJWPDAFXVNOSOFDOCESSLGZPTJINBUAFWWWMPTYALZIGVD
DCZGKILMBFXIQQFEKJBIUDEMIFCANVGNYZAYSQFMNNQFEPZFUUVGTBKSMDXITBLANQIAOQUKTPNYPOWSQQYWWMJHSDYVFDJYXBAF
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SYSFUAJFKIPUJVQSZRWQCJYAUMLDDNOKODDXIEQIFLANQIAOZFUNKUBVDBLMJOAUTVCZVLKJRQIORQPGAVCEYVNYUZHXILHERYEC
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KAKXXNKSOAIQNALLWKWGVACYWBQEVTFSEUCYRORQTHWFUJFLQHONWZEKPLSNPRPBOMOFFCPMKXFZBKIERBKDYFKYUEYVYRPMOAQI
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CNGVLBSCBHRLJARWSRENGHYYQDKRATERCPEAOPAJZUMOYIDHVPDMQPKKHCBAMRBGEIEXXJALMCXKPUGXYVINRORFYURXAMOJCBZQ
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离线的C语言程序如下：

/* LQ0131 字母阵列 */

#include <stdio.h>

#define N 100
char g[N][N + 1];
char t[] = "LANQIAO";
const int END = sizeof t - 2;
int cnt;

const int drow[] = 0, 0, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1;
const int dcol[] = 1, -1, 0, 0, 1, -1, 1, -1;

void dfs(int r, int c, int k, int dir)

    if (g[r][c] != t[k])
        return;
    if (k == END) 
        cnt++;
        return;
    

    int nextr = r + drow[dir];
    int nextc = c + dcol[dir];
    if (0 <= nextr && nextr < N && 0 <= nextc && nextc < N)
        dfs(nextr, nextc, k + 1, dir);


int main()

    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
        scanf("%s", g[i]);

    cnt = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < N; j++)
            if (g[i][j] == 'L')
                for (int k = 0; k < 8; k++)
                    dfs(i, j, 0, k);

    printf("%d\\n", cnt);

    return 0;

AC的C语言程序如下：

/* LQ0131 字母阵列 */

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

    printf("41\\n");

    return 0;