hello2 源码分析

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1、GreetingServlet.java(问候页面):

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/**
 * Copyright (c) 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 *
 * You may not modify, use, reproduce, or distribute this software except in
 * compliance with  the terms of the License at:
 * https://github.com/javaee/tutorial-examples/LICENSE.txt
 */
package javaeetutorial.hello2;   //指定包名

//导入程序库,使之成为可用的单元
import java.io.IOException;    //导入捕获输入输出异常的包
import java.io.PrintWriter;    //导入向文本输出流打印对象的格式化表示形式的包
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;  //导入将请求转发送到另一个资源功能的包,它可能是html,servlet或jsp等
import javax.servlet.ServletException;   //导入servlet在遇到困难时可以抛出一般异常的包
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;    //web服务中的,在Glassfish下lib中的包。
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;     //提供要进行子类化的抽象类,以创建适用于Web站点的HTTP Servlet
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;     //提供HTTP Servlet的请求信息
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;    //发送响应时提供特定于HTTP的功能

/**
 * This is a simple example of an HTTP Servlet. It responds to the GET method of
 * the HTTP protocol.
 */
@WebServlet("/greeting")  //使用源文件中的注释@WebServlet servlet来设置servlet 的URL模式,此处将URL模式指定为/greeting
public class GreetingServlet extends HttpServlet {  //创建一个继承父类HttpServlet的共有类GreetingServlet

    @Override  //当你想要覆写(重写)某个方法时,可以选择添加@Override这个注解,@Override 系统可以帮你检查方法的正确性
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,  //重写该doGet方法,实现GETHTTP方法;HttpServletRequest包含客户端对servlet的请求的对象
            HttpServletResponse response)    //HttpServletResponse包含servlet发送给客户端的响应的对象
            throws ServletException, IOException { //java.io.IOException如果在servlet处理GET请求时检测到输入或输出错误;ServletException如果无法处理GET请求
 

        response.setContentType("text/html");  //发送给客户端浏览器的数据类型为html文件
        response.setBufferSize(8192);  //发送给客户端的响应对象的缓冲大小是8192
        try (PrintWriter out = response.getWriter()) {  //获取PrintWriter流,用来在客户端输出
            out.println("<html lang="en">"   //html标记语言用来显示页面
                    + "<head><title>Servlet Hello</title></head>");
            
            // then write the data of the response
            out.println("<body  bgcolor="#ffffff">"
                    + "<img src="resources/images/duke.waving.gif" "
                    + "alt="Duke waving his hand">"
                    + "<form method="get">"
                    + "<h2>Hello, my name is Duke. What‘s yours?</h2>"
                    + "<input title="My name is: " type="text" "
                    + "name="username" size="25"/>"
                    + "<p></p>"
                    + "<input type="submit" value="Submit"/>"
                    + "<input type="reset" value="Reset"/>"
                    + "</form>");
            
            String username = request.getParameter("username");  //定义一个字符串username,把从request中拿出的username的值赋给它
            if (username != null && username.length() > 0) {  //如果username不为空且长度大于0
                RequestDispatcher dispatcher =
                        getServletContext().getRequestDispatcher("/response"); //通过绝对路径实现Servlet之间的请求传递(页面跳转)
                
                if (dispatcher != null) {
                    dispatcher.include(request, response);//如果接收到的客户端的请求不为空时,记录保留request和response,以后不能再修改response里表示状态的信息
                }
            }
            out.println("</body></html>");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String getServletInfo() {   //定义一个共有类getServletInfo方法获取网页的说明信息
        return "The Hello servlet says hello.";

    }
}
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2、ResponseServlet.java(响应页面)



import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * This is a simple example of an HTTP Servlet.  It responds to the GET
 * method of the HTTP protocol.
 */
@WebServlet("/response")
public class ResponseServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        try (PrintWriter out = response.getWriter()) {
            String username = request.getParameter("username");
            if (username != null && username.length() > 0) {    //判断当输入的username不为空且长度大于0,则打印Hello username
                out.println("<h2>Hello, " + username + "!</h2>");
} } } @Override public String getServletInfo() { return "The Response servlet says hello."; } }

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