haproxy+keepalived安装配置

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1 环境准备

1.1 主机规划

服务器说明 IP地址 主机名称规则 安装服务
haproxy主机1 10.0.0.41 haproxy01 Haproxy、nginx、keepalived
haproxy主机2 10.0.0.42 haproxy01 Haproxy、Nginx、keepalived
10.0.0.43 虚拟IP地址VIP

1.2 hosts解析文件

10.0.0.41    dns01
10.0.0.42    dns02

1.3 操作系统版本

CentOS7.3

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core) 
[[email protected] ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64
[[email protected] ~]# uname -m
x86_64

1.4 涉及软件版本

haproxy:1.5.18
nginx:1.14.2
keepalived:1.3.5

1.5 系统基础优化

1. 关闭selinux

sed -i ‘7s#enforcing#disabled#g‘ /etc/selinux/config

2. 关闭iptables

systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service

3. 安装基本的依赖包

yum -y install net-tools vim lrzsz tree screen lsof tcpdump nc mtr nmap gcc glibc gcc-c++

4. 系统网卡名设置为eth0(安装过程中设置)

2. 安装haproxy

2.1 安装haproxy

安装haproxy和其他软件类似,基本上也分为源码安装和yum安装,采用yu‘m安装得版本可能稍微比较旧,在CentOS7系统下一般为1.5版本。这两个方式本身区别并不太大,但是安装目录会有一定得出入,在配置程序得时候需要稍微注意。

本文的配置均采用yum安装方式路径,编译安装就不细说,两者任选其一均可。

1、yum安装(配置文件均采用这种方式的配置)

yum -y install haproxy

#查看版本信息
[[email protected] ~]# haproxy -v
HA-Proxy version 1.5.18 2016/05/10
Copyright 2000-2016 Willy Tarreau <[email protected]>

2、编译安装(仅在这里介绍)

#下载haproxy软件
cd /usr/local/src
wget https://src.fedoraproject.org/repo/pkgs/haproxy/haproxy-1.6.3.tar.gz/3362d1e268c78155c2474cb73e7f03f9/haproxy-1.6.3.tar.g

#安装包md5码
[[email protected] src]# md5sum haproxy-1.6.3.tar.gz 
3362d1e268c78155c2474cb73e7f03f9  haproxy-1.6.3.tar.gz

#解压
tar xf haproxy-1.6.3.tar.gz

#编译安装
#编译参数解释:TARGET=linux2628 系统内核版本,如果大于2.6.28的用:TARGET=linux2628;ARCH=x86_64 #系统位数
cd haproxy-1.6.3
make TARGET=linux2628 ARCH=x86_64 PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy-1.6.3
make install
cp /usr/local/sbin/haproxy /usr/sbin/
cp examples/haproxy.init /etc/init.d/haproxy
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/haproxy 

#查看安装结果
[[email protected] haproxy-1.6.3]# haproxy -v
HA-Proxy version 1.6.3 2015/12/25
Copyright 2000-2015 Willy Tarreau <[email protected]>

2.2 配置haproxy

2.2.1 配置rsyslog

Haproxy在Centos7上默认没有记录日志,需要配置rsyslog服务开启日志记录的功能。rsyslog默认情况下,需要在514端口监听,所需要做如下修改:

1.创建记录日志文件

mkdir /var/log/haproxy
chmod a+w /var/log/haproxy

2.开启rsyslog记录haproxy日志功能

vim /etc/rsyslog.conf
#将如下两行得注释取消
$ModLoad imudp
$UDPServerRun 514

#在该文件添加如下内容:
# Save haproxy log
local3.*                       /var/log/haproxy/haproxy.log

3.修改“/etc/sysconfig/rsyslog”文件,内容如下

vim /etc/sysconfig/rsyslog
# Options for rsyslogd
# Syslogd options are deprecated since rsyslog v3.
# If you want to use them, switch to compatibility mode 2 by "-c 2"
# See rsyslogd(8) for more details
SYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-r -m 0 -c 2"

4. 配置haproxy
编辑haproxy配置文件,进行如下内容修改:

log 127.0.0.1 local3 info

5.重启服务

systemctl restart rsyslog.service

#查看日志记录
tailf /var/log/haproxy/haproxy.log

2.2.2 配置haproxy

  1. /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

(1)haproxy01上面的配置

global
    maxconn 10000
    chroot /var/lib/haproxy
    uid haproxy
    gid haproxy
    daemon
    nbproc 1 
    pidfile /var/lib/haproxy/haproxy.pid 
    log 127.0.0.1 local3 info

defaults
    mode http
    log global
    option http-keep-alive
    maxconn 10000
    timeout connect 5000ms
    timeout client  50000ms
    timeout server 50000ms

listen stats
    mode http
    bind 0.0.0.0:8888
    stats refresh 30s
    stats enable
    stats uri     /stats 
    stats auth    haproxy:123456

frontend frontend_www_example_com
    bind 10.0.0.41:80
    mode http
    option httplog
    log global
    default_backend backend_www_example_com

backend backend_www_example_com
    option forwardfor header X-REAL-IP
    option httpchk HEAD / HTTP/1.0
    balance source
    server web-node1  10.0.0.41:8080 check inter 2000 rise 30 fall 15
    server web-node2  10.0.0.42:8080 check inter 2000 rise 30 fall 15

(2)haproxy的配置

global
    maxconn 10000
    chroot /var/lib/haproxy
    uid haproxy
    gid haproxy
    daemon
    nbproc 1 
    pidfile /var/lib/haproxy/haproxy.pid 
    log 127.0.0.1 local3 info

defaults
    mode http
    log global
    option http-keep-alive
    maxconn 10000
    timeout connect 5000ms
    timeout client  50000ms
    timeout server 50000ms

listen stats
    mode http
    bind 0.0.0.0:8888
    stats refresh 30s
    stats enable
    stats uri     /stats 
    stats auth    haproxy:123456

frontend frontend_www_example_com
    bind 10.0.0.42:80
    mode http
    option httplog
    log global
    default_backend backend_www_example_com

backend backend_www_example_com
    option forwardfor header X-REAL-IP
    option httpchk HEAD / HTTP/1.0
    balance source
    server web-node1  10.0.0.41:8080 check inter 2000 rise 30 fall 15
    server web-node2  10.0.0.42:8080 check inter 2000 rise 30 fall 15

2.3启动haproxy

systemctl start haproxy.service
systemctl enable haproxy.service

#这里会有一个告警,这是因为我们还没有配置后端的服务
[[email protected] haproxy]# systemctl start haproxy.service 
[[email protected] haproxy]# 
Message from [email protected] at Feb 24 21:33:33 ...
 haproxy[3763]: backend backend_www_example_com has no server available!

2.4 验证

? 分别在浏览器输入地址:http://10.0.0.41:8888/stats
输入用户名:haproxy,密码:123456,如果出现如下信息说明haproxy已经成功启动了。

技术图片

3.安装nginx

这里仅使用nginx来做负载均衡的测试,因此只需yum安装即可。

3.1安装nginx

rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
yum -y install nginx

#查看版本信息
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.14.2

3.2配置nginx

1./etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

修改监听端口为8080

sed -i ‘s#80#8080#g‘ /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

2./usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

修改主页信息

(1)haproxy01

echo haproxy01 > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

(2)haproxy02上修改

echo haproxy02 > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

3.3启动nginx

systemctl start nginx.service

3.4结果验证

1、通过浏览器访问监控页面,如果发现web-node1和web-node2状态变为绿色则说明nginx已经启动成功。

技术图片

2、通过浏览器访问服务器IP,发现haproxy01和haproxy02在来回切换说明负载均衡配置正确!

技术图片

技术图片

4.安装keepalived

keepalived采用只需yum安装即可,且keepalived相关内容查找[keepalived权威指南]即可。
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/14EZJ6B8IqRYLzz9IofCbmQ
提取码:tvv3

4.1安装keepalived

yum -y install keepalived

#查看keepalived版本
[[email protected] haproxy]# keepalived -v
Keepalived v1.3.5 (03/19,2017), git commit v1.3.5-6-g6fa32f2

Copyright(C) 2001-2017 Alexandre Cassen, <[email protected]>

4.2配置keepalived

1./etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

(1)haproxy01上的配置(这里没有配置去监听haproxy服务,有需要的同学可以自己配置)

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     [email protected]
   }
   notification_email_from [email protected]
   smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id haproxy_ha
}

vrrp_instance haproxy_ha {
    state MASTER
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 150
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.0.0.43
    }
}

(2)haproxy02上的配置

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     [email protected]
   }
   notification_email_from [email protected]
   smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id haproxy_ha
}

vrrp_instance haproxy_ha {
    state BACKUP
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.0.0.43
    }
}

4.3启动keepalived服务

systemctl start keepalived.service
systemctl enable keepalived.service

4.4验证keepalived

在haproxy01上查看是否有虚拟IP地址10.0.0.43,并且haproxy02上没有,则说明安装成功。

技术图片

技术图片

5.haproxy结合keepalived使用

5.1、修改内核参数

? haproxy和keepalived的结合使用,是通过修改haproxy的配置文件去监听虚拟IP地址10.0.0.43。但是这样配置会出现一个问题,那就是作为BACKUP的keepalived的节点上面没有虚拟IP地址的时候,haproxy无法启动。

? 针对这个问题,需要配置haproxy去监听非本地IP!!注意如果不是部署keepalived的服务器不能这样做,这样比较危险。监听非本地修改如下配置参数:

#查看默认参数
[[email protected] keepalived]# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_nonlocal_bind 
0

#修改参数
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_nonlocal_bind
sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind=1

#永久生效
echo ‘net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind=1‘ >> /etc/sysctl.conf

5.2 haproxy修改监听地址

修改/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg,使其监听VIP:

#haproxy01上修改:
sed -i ‘s#bind 10.0.0.41:80#bind 10.0.0.43:80#g‘ /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

#haproxy02上修改:
sed -i ‘s#bind 10.0.0.42:80#bind 10.0.0.43:80#g‘ /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

5.3 重启haproxy

重启haproxy,使配置文件生效

systemctl restart haproxy.service

5.4 验证结果

查看两台服务器的监听地址,如果都是监听的10.0.0.43,则说明修改成功。

技术图片
技术图片

至此,haproxy+keepalived的配置到此结束,还请各位同学指正!!

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