elasticsearch部分命令

Posted 2021-01-20

一.ES相关操作

1.ES启动与关闭相关命令

su elastic  # elastic用户为安装ES时创建的用户，es不能用root账号启动
cd /usr/local/elasticsearch-6.4.3/  # cd 进入es安装目录
./bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid # -p 选项可以将es进程PID记录到pid文件中，该文件可以指定  -d 后台运行
####
kill -SIGTERM PID  # PID 为ES进程的PID号

2.查看ES相关信息

]$ curl -XGET http://localhost:9200/
{
  "name" : "SonoxO1",
  "cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
  "cluster_uuid" : "Oktq2zxmSRWcU8Fvhat2TA",
  "version" : {
    "number" : "6.4.3",
    "build_flavor" : "default",
    "build_type" : "tar",
    "build_hash" : "fe40335",
    "build_date" : "2018-10-30T23:17:19.084789Z",
    "build_snapshot" : false,
    "lucene_version" : "7.4.0",
    "minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "5.6.0",
    "minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "5.0.0"
  },
  "tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}

二.索引的相关操作

1.查看索引

]# curl localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v
health status index                             uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
yellow open   logstash-nq-coupon-2018.11.14     V2ilbJErQZGW2m9rBLXeEw   5   1     182396            0     24.9mb         24.9mb
green  open   .kibana                           llTJB8gQTS-r6oGjF8fTdg   1   0          3            0     17.6kb         17.6kb

2.删除索引

]# curl -XDELETE http://localhost:9200/logstash-2018.11.14
{"acknowledged":true}

三.备份与恢复

1.创建备份仓库

}# mkdir  /data/elasticsearch/bakup  # 创建备份目录
}# chown elastic.elastic  /data/elasticsearch/bakup  # 更改目录权限
# 在elasticsearch.yml配置文件中新增一行，并重新启动ES
    path.repo: /data/elasticsearch/bakup
#创建仓库
}# curl -H ‘Content-Type: application/json‘ -XPUT http://localhost:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup  # es_bakup 可自定义
    -d ‘{"type":"fs","settings":{"location":"/data/elasticsearch/bakup","compress": "true"}}‘
{"acknowledged":true}

注：在6.X的版本中需要添加 -H ‘Content-Type: application/json‘ 设置header，原因可参考：https://www.elastic.co/blog/strict-content-type-checking-for-elasticsearch-rest-requests

2.查看备份仓库

]# curl -XGET http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot?pretty
{
  "es_bakup" : {
    "type" : "fs",
    "settings" : {
      "compress" : "true",
      "location" : "/data/elasticsearch/bakup"
    }
  }
}

3.备份索引

# 备份单个索引
]# curl -H‘Content-Type: application/json‘ -XPUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup/log_bak_2018.11.14  # log_bak_2018.11.14 快照名称，可自定义
    -d ‘{"indices":"logstash-2018.11.14"}‘ 
# 备份多个索引
]# curl -H ‘Content-Type: application/json‘ -XPUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup/log_bak_2018.11.14     -d ‘{"indices": "idx_1,idx_2,idx_3"}‘
# 备份所有索引
]# curl -H ‘Content-Type: application/json‘ -XPUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup/bakup_all_2018.11.16

4.查看备份的索引

]# curl -XGET http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup/log_bak_2018.11.14?pretty
{
  "snapshots" : [
    {
      "snapshot" : "log_bak_2018.11.14",
      "uuid" : "wrDpuL8aQHe7kNn5l11WqA",
      "version_id" : 6040399,
      "version" : "6.4.3",
      "indices" : [
        "logstash-2018.11.14"
      ],
      "include_global_state" : true,
      "state" : "SUCCESS",
      "start_time" : "2018-11-16T07:22:49.001Z",
      "start_time_in_millis" : 1542352969001,
      "end_time" : "2018-11-16T07:22:49.914Z",
      "end_time_in_millis" : 1542352969914,
      "duration_in_millis" : 913,
      "failures" : [ ],
      "shards" : {
        "total" : 5,
        "failed" : 0,
        "successful" : 5
      }
    }
  ]
}

5.恢复索引

# 恢复单个索引
]# curl -H ‘Content-Type: application/json‘ -XPOST http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup/xp-coupon-2018.11.14/_restore     -d ‘{"indices":"logstash-2018.11.14"}‘
# 恢复所有索引
]# curl -H ‘Content-Type: application/json‘ -XPOST http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup/bakup_all_2018.11.16/_restore  
# 恢复所有索引备份中的部分索引
]# curl -H ‘Content-Type: application/json‘ -XPOST http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup/bakup_all_2018.11.16/_restore    -d ‘{"indices":"idx_1,idx_2"}‘

6.其他

（1）备份目录中的文件可以打包压缩，恢复时解压至备份目录即可

（2）恢复索引时，如果该索引存在则需要先关闭该索引，恢复完成之后重新开启该索引

# 关闭某个索引
]# curl -H ‘Content-Type: application/json‘ -XPOST http://127.0.0.1:9200/logstash-2018.11.16/_close
# 打开某个索引
]# curl -H ‘Content-Type: application/json‘ -XPOST http://127.0.0.1:9200/logstash-2018.11.16/_open