Selenium(Web自动化工具)

Posted 2020-12-22 jet-chen

1. 先下载相应的浏览器driver， 并配置环境变量

2. 下载python selenium包  pip install selenium

pycharm 中ctrl+alt+l   对文档内容进行格式化

 

直接等待  time.sleep(3)

隐式等待  self.driver.implicitly_wait(3)  动态的等待

显示等待  WebDriverWait  配合until()

 

find_element(By.ID, ‘#kw‘).send_keys(‘霍格沃兹‘)

find_element(By.ID, ‘#su‘).click()

xpath

css selector

 

Base封装

from selenium import webdriver

class Base:
    def setup(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)
        self.driver.maximize_window()

    def teardown(self):
        self.driver.quit()

百度浏览器测试

from selenium import webdriver


class TestHogWords:
    def setup(self):
       self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()   # 获取浏览器
        self.driver.maximize_window()       # 窗口最大化
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(20)    # 隐式动态等待时间

    def teardown(self):
        self.driver.quit()      # driver回收

    def test_demo(self):
        self.driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
        self.driver.find_element_by_link_text("新闻").click()
        self.driver.find_element_by_link_text("国内").click()

窗口切换

from time import sleep

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

from selenium_learning.base import Base


class TestWindows(Base):
    def test_windows(self):
       self.driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
       self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘.s-top-login-btn‘).click()
       self.driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "立即注册").click()
        sleep(3)   # 需要一定的延迟
        windows = self.driver.window_handles
        print(windows)
        # print(self.driver.current_window_handle)
        # print(windows)
        self.driver.switch_to.window(windows[-1])
        print(self.driver.current_window_handle)
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘#TANGRAM__PSP_4__userName‘).send_keys(‘alex‘)
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘#TANGRAM__PSP_4__phone‘).send_keys(‘15250280726‘)
        self.driver.switch_to.window(windows[0])
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘#TANGRAM__PSP_10__footerULoginBtn‘).click()
        sleep(3)

左击， 右击，双击，拖拽操作

from time import sleep

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


class TestActionChains:
    def setup(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()

    def teardown(self):
        self.driver.quit()

    @pytest.mark.skip
    def test_action(self):
        self.driver.get("http://sahitest.com/demo/clicks.htm")
        element_click = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, ‘//input[@value="click me"]‘)
        element_right_click = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, ‘//input[@value="right click me"]‘)
        element_double_click = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, ‘//input[@value="dbl click me"]‘)
        action = ActionChains(self.driver)
        action.click(element_click)
        action.context_click(element_right_click)
        action.double_click(element_double_click)
        action.perform()
        sleep(3)

    @pytest.mark.skip
    def test_move_to_element(self):
        self.driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
        element_one = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘#s-usersetting-top‘)
        action = ActionChains(self.driver)
        action.move_to_element(element_one)
        action.perform()
        sleep(3)

    def test_dragdrop(self):
        self.driver.get("http://sahitest.com/demo//dragDropMooTools.htm")
        drag_element = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘#dragger‘)
        drop_element = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘div.item:nth-child(4)‘)
        action = ActionChains(self.driver)
        action.drag_and_drop(drag_element,drop_element)
        #action.click_and_hold(drag_element).release(drop_element).perform()
        action.perform()
        sleep(3)

frame切换和alert弹窗处理
from time import sleep

from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

from selenium_learning.base import Base


class TestAlert(Base):
    def test_alert(self):
        self.driver.get("https://www.runoob.com/try/try.php?filename=jqueryui-api-droppable")
        self.driver.switch_to_frame("iframeResult")   #切换至iframeReslut窗口
        drag = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘#draggable‘)
        drop = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘#droppable‘)
        action = ActionChains(self.driver)
        action.drag_and_drop(drag, drop).perform()

        sleep(3)
        self.driver.switch_to_alert().accept()
        sleep(3)
        self.driver.switch_to_default_content()   #回归默认窗口
        sleep(3)

页面滑动操作

from time import sleep

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import TouchActions
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


class TestTouchAction:
    def setup(self):
        option = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
        option.add_experimental_option(‘w3c‘, False)
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=option)
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)

    def teardown(self):
        self.driver.quit()

    def test_demo(self):
        self.driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
        element_input = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘#kw‘)
        element_search = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘#su‘)
        element_input.send_keys(‘selenium测试‘)
        action = TouchActions(self.driver)
        action.tap(element_search)   # 点击
        action.perform()

        action.scroll_from_element(element_input, 0, 10000).perform()   # 滑动操作
        sleep(3)

from time import sleep

import pytest
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

from selenium_learning.base import Base


class TestDemo(Base):
    @pytest.mark.skip
    def test_demo(self):
        self.driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘#kw‘).send_keys("selenium测试")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘#su‘).click()
        self.driver.execute_script("document.documentElement.scrollTop=10000")
        sleep(5)
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘.n‘).click()
        sleep(2)

    def test_12306(self):
        self.driver.get("https://www.12306.cn/index/")
        self.driver.execute_script("document.getElementById(‘train_date‘).removeAttribute(‘readonly‘)")
        sleep(3)
        self.driver.execute_script("document.getElementById(‘train_date‘).value=‘2020-5-20‘")
        sleep(5)

利用cookies进行企业微信web自动化登录
import shelve
from time import sleep

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


class TestCookie:
    def setup(self):
        options = Options()
        options.debugger_address = "127.0.0.1:8081"
        # self.driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=options)
        self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)
        self.driver.maximize_window()

    def teardown(self):
        self.driver.quit()

    def test_cookie(self):
        self.driver.get("https://work.weixin.qq.com/wework_admin/frame")
        db = shelve.open("test_db")
        # db[‘cookie‘] = self.driver.get_cookies()   #获取网页cookies(),保存在test_db中
        cookies = db[‘cookie‘]
        for cookie in cookies:
            if ‘expiry‘ in cookie.keys():
                cookie.pop(‘expiry‘)
            self.driver.add_cookie(cookie)
        self.driver.get(‘https://work.weixin.qq.com/wework_admin/frame‘)
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘#menu_contacts > span‘).click()
        sleep(3)
        db.close()

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