如何通过Python合并具有相同名称但在不同文件夹中的文件的内容？

Posted 2021-05-02

我正在尝试使用Python合并来自不同TXT文件的内容，但挑战是我需要合并来自不同文件夹的相同文件名的内容。这是一个截图供您参考：

到目前为止，我可以打印出所有文件名及其完整路径：

import os

for root, dirs, files in os.walk(".", topdown=False):
    for file in files:
        if file.endswith(".txt"):
            filepath = os.path.join(root, file)
            print (filepath)

但是，我怎么能使用Python只合并具有相同名称的文件......仍在研究中。如果您知道答案，请告诉我，或者给我一点研究方法。非常感谢，节日快乐！

答案

import os

# create a dictionary with file names as keys
# and for each file name the paths where they
# were found
file_paths = {}
for root, dirs, files in os.walk('.'):
    for f in files:
        if f.endswith('.txt'):
            if f not in file_paths:
                file_paths[f] = []
            file_paths[f].append(root)

# for each file in the dictionary, concatenate
# the content of the files in each directory
# and write the merged content into a file
# with the same name at the top directory
for f, paths in file_paths.items():
    txt = []
    for p in paths:
        with open(os.path.join(p, f)) as f2:
            txt.append(f2.read())
    with open(f, 'w') as f3:
        f3.write(''.join(txt))

另一答案

您应该执行以下操作，请注意：代码未经过测试。

import os

mapped_files = {}

for path, subdirs, files in os.walk("."):
    for file in files:
        if file.endswith(".txt"):
            if file in mapped_files:
                existing = mapped_files[file]
                mapped_files[file] = existing.append(path)
            else:
                mapped_files[file] = [path]

for key in mapped_files:
    files = mapped_files[key]
    first_f = os.path.join(path, files[0])
    with open(first_f, "a+") as current_file: 
        for path in files[1:]: # start at the second index
            f = os.path.join(path, key)
            content = open(f,"r").read()
            current_file.write(content) # add all content to the first file