Python中：dict(或对象)与json之间的互相转化

Posted 2021-03-23

在Python语言中，json数据与dict字典以及对象之间的转化，是必不可少的操作。

在Python中自带json库。通过import json导入。

在json模块有2个方法，

• loads()：将json数据转化成dict数据
• dumps()：将dict数据转化成json数据
• load()：读取json文件数据，转成dict数据
• dump()：将dict数据转化成json数据后写入json文件

下面是具体的示例：

dict字典转json数据

import json
def dict_to_json():
    dict = {}
    dict[‘name‘] = ‘many‘
    dict[‘age‘] = 10
    dict[‘sex‘] = ‘male‘
    print(dict)  # 输出：{‘name‘: ‘many‘, ‘age‘: 10, ‘sex‘: ‘male‘}
    j = json.dumps(dict)
    print(j)  # 输出：{"name": "many", "age": 10, "sex": "male"}
if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    dict_to_json()

对象转json数据

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import json
def obj_to_json():
    stu = Student(‘007‘, ‘007‘, 28, ‘male‘, ‘13000000000‘, ‘[e-mail]‘)
    print(type(stu))  # <class ‘json_test.student.Student‘>
    stu = stu.__dict__  # 将对象转成dict字典
    print(type(stu))  # <class ‘dict‘>
    print(stu)  # {‘id‘: ‘007‘, ‘name‘: ‘007‘, ‘age‘: 28, ‘sex‘: ‘male‘, ‘phone‘: ‘13000000000‘, ‘email‘: ‘[e-mail]‘}
    j = json.dumps(obj=stu)
    print(j)  # {"id": "007", "name": "007", "age": 28, "sex": "male", "phone": "13000000000", "email": "[e-mail]"}
if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    obj_to_json()

json数据转成dict字典

import json

def json_to_dict():
    j = ‘{"id": "007", "name": "007", "age": 28, "sex": "male", "phone": "13000000000", "email": "[e-mail]"}‘
    dict = json.loads(s=j)
    print(dict)  # {‘id‘: ‘007‘, ‘name‘: ‘007‘, ‘age‘: 28, ‘sex‘: ‘male‘, ‘phone‘: ‘13000000000‘, ‘email‘: ‘[e-mail]‘}

if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    json_to_dict()

json数据转成对象

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import json
def json_to_obj():
    j = ‘{"id": "007", "name": "007", "age": 28, "sex": "male", "phone": "13000000000", "email": "[e-mail]"}‘
    dict = json.loads(s=j)
    stu = Student()
    stu.__dict__ = dict
    print(‘id: ‘ + stu.id + ‘ name: ‘ + stu.name + ‘ age: ‘ + str(stu.age) + ‘ sex: ‘ + str(
        stu.sex) + ‘ phone: ‘ + stu.phone + ‘ email: ‘ + stu.email)  # id: 007 name: 007 age: 28 sex: male phone: [phone] email: [e-mail]
if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    json_to_obj()

json的load()与dump()方法的使用

• dump()方法的使用

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import json

def dict_to_json_write_file():
    dict = {}
    dict[‘name‘] = ‘many‘
    dict[‘age‘] = 10
    dict[‘sex‘] = ‘male‘
    print(dict)  # {‘name‘: ‘many‘, ‘age‘: 10, ‘sex‘: ‘male‘}
    with open(‘1.json‘, ‘w‘) as f:
        json.dump(dict, f)  # 会在目录下生成一个1.json的文件，文件内容是dict数据转成的json数据

if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    dict_to_json_write_file()

• load()的使用

import json
def json_file_to_dict():
    with open(‘1.json‘, ‘r‘) as f:
        dict = json.load(fp=f)
        print(dict)  # {‘name‘: ‘many‘, ‘age‘: 10, ‘sex‘: ‘male‘}
if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    json_file_to_dict()