CentOS 7重置root管理员密码

Posted 2023-05-29 無*

1.首先确认下是否为RHEL 7系统。如果是，然后再进行下面的操作。

[root@bind-master17 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

　　

2.重启linux系统主机并出现引导界面时，按下键盘上的e键进入内核编辑界面：

 

3.在linux16参数这行的最后面追加“rd.break”参数，然后按下Ctrl + X组合键来运行修改过的内核程序：

 

大约30秒过后，进入到系统的紧急救援模式：

 

4.依次输入一下命令，等待系统重启操作完毕，然后就可以使用新密码来登录linux系统了。命令执行效果：

 

mount -o remount,rw /sysroot 
chroot /sysroot 
passwd 
touch /.autorelabel 
exit 
reboot

 

centos7与centos6的区别

CentOS 7 vs CentOS 6的不同
(1)桌面系统
[CentOS6] GNOME 2.x
[CentOS7] GNOME 3.x（GNOME Shell）

(2)文件系统
[CentOS6] ext4
[CentOS7] xfs

(3)内核版本
[CentOS6] 2.6.x-x
[CentOS7] 3.10.x-x

(4)启动加载器
[CentOS6] GRUB Legacy (+efibootmgr)
[CentOS7] GRUB2

(5)防火墙
[CentOS6] iptables
[CentOS7] firewalld

(6)默认数据库
[CentOS6] MySQL
[CentOS7] MariaDB

(7)文件结构
[CentOS6] /bin, /sbin, /lib, and /lib64在/下
[CentOS7] /bin, /sbin, /lib, and /lib64移到/usr下

(8)主机名
[CentOS6] /etc/sysconfig/network
[CentOS7] /etc/hostname

(9)时间同步
[CentOS6]
$ ntp
$ ntpq -p

[CentOS7]
$ chrony
$ chronyc sources

(10)修改时间
[CentOS6]
$ vim /etc/sysconfig/clock
ZONE=”Asia/Tokyo”
UTC=fales
$ sudo ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo /etc/localtime

[CentOS7]
$ timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo
$ timedatectl status

(11)修改地区
[CentOS6]
$ vim /etc/sysconfig/i18n
LANG=”ja_JP.utf8″
$ /etc/sysconfig/i18n
$ locale

[CentOS7]
$ localectl set-locale LANG=ja_JP.utf8
$ localectl status

(12)服务相关

1）启动停止
[CentOS6]
$ service service_name start
$ service service_name stop
$ service sshd restart/status/reload

[CentOS7]
$ systemctl start service_name
$ systemctl stop service_name
$ systemctl restart/status/reload sshd

自启动
[CentOS6]
$ chkconfig service_name on/off

[CentOS7]
$ systemctl enable service_name
$ systemctl disable service_name

服务一览
[CentOS6]
$ chkconfig –list

[CentOS7]
$ systemctl list-unit-files
$ systemctl –type service

强制停止
[CentOS6]
$ kill -9 <PID>

[CentOS7]
$ systemctl kill –signal=9 sshd

(13)网络

1）网络信息
[CentOS6]
$ netstat
$ netstat -I
$ netstat -n

[CentOS7]
$ ip n
$ ip -s l
$ ss

2）IP地址MAC地址
[CentOS6]
$ ifconfig -a

[CentOS7]
$ ip address show

3）路由
[CentOS6]
$ route -n
$ route -A inet6 -n

[CentOS7]
$ ip route show
$ ip -6 route show

(14)重启关闭

1）关闭
[CentOS6]
$ shutdown -h now

[CentOS7]
$ poweroff
$ systemctl poweroff

2）重启
[CentOS6]
$ reboot
$ shutdown -r now

[CentOS7]
$ reboot
$ systemctl reboot

3）单用户模式
[CentOS6]
$ init S

[CentOS7]
$ systemctl rescue

4）启动模式
[CentOS6]
[GUI?CUI]
$ vim /etc/inittab
id:3:initdefault:
[CUI?GUI]
$ startx

[CentOS7]
[GUI?CUI]
$ systemctl isolate multi-user.target
[CUI?GUI]
$systemctl isolate graphical.target
默认
$ systemctl set-default graphical.target
$ systemctl set-default multi-user.target
当前
$ systemctl get-default

参考：

https://urashita.com/archives/1538
http://qiita.com/sion_cojp/items/115e1671fcbc8f214aee
https://www.upken.jp/kb/cent6-cent7.html
http://inaba-serverdesign.jp/blog/20141110/centos7.html