JAVA怎样调用https类型的webservice

Posted 2023-05-10

方法/步骤
第
一步按照Axis生成本地访问客户端，完成正常的webservice调用的开发，这里的细节我就不再描述，重点说明和http不同的地方-证书的生成和
使用。这里假设需要访问的网址是https://www.abc.com
，那么就需要生成网址的安全证书设置到系统属性中，并且需要在调用代码前。如下图

第二步就是介绍怎样生成证书，先写一个InstallCert.java类放到自己电脑的D盘根目录下，（注意这个类是没有包名的）类中代码如下：
/**
*
*/
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
public class InstallCert
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
String host;
int port;
char[] passphrase;
if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2))
String[] c = args[0].split(":");
host = c[0];
port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);
String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];
passphrase = p.toCharArray();
else
System.out
.println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]");
return;


File file = new File("jssecacerts");
if (file.isFile() == false)
char SEP = File.separatorChar;
File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP + "lib"
+ SEP + "security");
file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");
if (file.isFile() == false)
file = new File(dir, "cacerts");


System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
ks.load(in, passphrase);
in.close();

SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory
.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
tmf.init(ks);
X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf
.getTrustManagers()[0];
SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);
context.init(null, new TrustManager[] tm , null);
SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();

System.out
.println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");
SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port);
socket.setSoTimeout(10000);
try
System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");
socket.startHandshake();
socket.close();
System.out.println();
System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");
catch (SSLException e)
System.out.println();
e.printStackTrace(System.out);


X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;
if (chain == null)
System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");
return;


BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
System.in));

System.out.println();
System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");
System.out.println();
MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++)
X509Certificate cert = chain[i];
System.out.println(" " + (i + 1) + " Subject "
+ cert.getSubjectDN());
System.out.println(" Issuer " + cert.getIssuerDN());
sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());
System.out.println(" sha1 " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));
md5.update(cert.getEncoded());
System.out.println(" md5 " + toHexString(md5.digest()));
System.out.println();


System.out
.println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or \'q\' to quit: [1]");
String line = reader.readLine().trim();
int k;
try
k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;
catch (NumberFormatException e)
System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");
return;


X509Certificate cert = chain[k];
String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);
ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);

OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");
ks.store(out, passphrase);
out.close();

System.out.println();
System.out.println(cert);
System.out.println();
System.out
.println("Added certificate to keystore \'jssecacerts\' using alias \'"
+ alias + "\'");


private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();

private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes)
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);
for (int b : bytes)
b &= 0xff;
sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);
sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);
sb.append(\' \');

return sb.toString();


private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager

private final X509TrustManager tm;
private X509Certificate[] chain;

SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm)
this.tm = tm;


public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers()
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();


public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();


public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException
this.chain = chain;
tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);




将上面的InstallCert.java编译成InstallCert.class文件放到自己电脑的D盘根目录下。这是正常的情况下D盘根目录下会有3个文件，

打开cmd进入到d盘开始执行生成证书命令，我这里不便于那我的网址测试我用支付宝的网址来测试的，输入：java InstallCert

当出现了：Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or \'q\' to quit: [1]
这行代码时，输入1，回车。正常执行完后在D盘根目录下就会出现证书“jssecacerts”文件，

得到证书后将证书拷贝到$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security目录下，我这里是win7系统，在尝试的过程中需要将证书重命名为：cacerts 放进去才会有用。（这个步骤在不同的环境和操作系统下有点不同，需要注意） 参考技术A webservice 的请求 都是符合HTTP协议规范的SOAP请求
如果你说的是 客户端调用webService的方法 那么作为java程序员很负责的告诉你 有4种:
第一种是在客户端的CMD窗口 用wsimport 自动生成客户端代码
第二种是用AJAX调用
第三种是通过 UrlConnection 调用
还有一种是通过客户端编程来调用的.
我是软件开发人员, 就我自己的而感觉来说 用wsimport自动生成客户端 比较方便,也不容易出错...其次是用AJAX异步通讯调用, 这个网站里用到的比较多. 参考技术B 同样，先使用wsdl2java生成客户端，，，，，，，， 参考技术C 跟调用http的一样

怎样用java调用https接口

参考技术A 下面这个函数可以直接用：
public static String requsetUrl(String urls) throws Exception
BufferedReader br = null;
String sTotalString= "";
try
URL url = new URL(urls);
URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();
connection.setConnectTimeout(3000);
connection.setDoOutput(true);
String line = "";
InputStream l_urlStream;
l_urlStream = connection.getInputStream();

br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(l_urlStream, "UTF-8"));
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null)
sTotalString += line + "\r\n";

finally
if(br!=null)
try
br.close();
catch (IOException e)
br = null;



return sTotalString;
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