php使用redis
Posted 水杉
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在 http://www.redis.net.cn/ 能找到所有关于redis的信息，包括安装、命令、在编程语言中的使用等等。这里就不讲如何安装redis了，因为在上面的网站中都能找到。下面直接讲redis是如何在php中使用的，这里我选择的是phpredis扩展。
1. 下载phpredis扩展
执行phpinfo()函数，根据下面截图中的“NTS”和“VCn”选择对应的压缩包，https://github.com/phpredis/phpredis/downloads。另外注意，PHP版本也要对应好。
2. PHP配置安装扩展
首先把压缩包中的 php_igbinary.dll和php_redis.dll 文件放到PHP安装目录的 ext 目录中
然后在 php.ini 添加如下配置
extension=php_igbinary.dll
extension=php_redis.dll
3. 重启apache，执行phpinfo()函数，会发现多了redis的扩展。
4. 开启Redis服务，测试
$redis = new Redis(); //连接redis服务器 $redis->connect(\'127.0.0.1\', \'6379\'); echo "Connection to server sucessfully <br/>"; //查看服务是否运行 echo "Server is running: " . $redis->ping();
结果如下，连接redis服务器成功
Connection to server sucessfully
Server is running: +PONG
至此，我们可以在php中痛痛快快的使用redis了。
1 $redis = new Redis(); 2 //连接redis服务器 3 $redis->connect(\'127.0.0.1\', \'6379\'); 4 5 6 $key = "key"; 7 $val = "val"; 8 9 //redis key操作 10 $redis->exists($key); //判断key值是否存在 11 $redis->expire($key, 10); //设置key在10秒后过期 12 13 //redis string 字符串 14 $redis->set($key, $val); 15 $redis->incr($key); //key值+1，除非val是整数，否则函数执行失败 16 $redis->decr($key); //key值-1，同上 17 $redis->append($key, "ue"); //追加key值内容 18 $redis->strlen($key); //返回key值的长度 19 20 //当第一次设置key值后，key值的数据类型就不能改变了。 21 $redis->del($key); //删除key值 22 23 //redis hash 哈希 24 $redis->hset($key, \'field1\', \'val1\'); //设置一个key-value键值对 25 $redis->hmset($key, array(\'field2\'=>\'val2\', \'field3\'=>\'val3\')); //设置多个k-v键值对 26 $redis->hget($key, \'field2\'); //获取hash其中的一个键值 27 $redis->hmget($key, array(\'field2\', \'field1\')); //获取hash的多个键值 28 $redis->hgetall($key); //获取hash中所有的键值对 29 $redis->hlen($key); //获取hash中键值对的个数 30 $redis->hkeys($key); //获取hash中所有的键 31 $redis->hvals($key); //获取hash中所有的值 32 $redis->del($key); //删除key值 33 34 //redis list 列表 35 $index = $start = 0; 36 $redis->lpush($key, \'val1\', \'val2\'); //在list的开头添加多个值 37 $redis->lpop($key); //移除并获取list的第一个元素 38 $redis->rpop($key); //移除并获取list的最后一个元素 39 $stop = $redis->llen($key) - 1; //获取list的长度 40 $redis->lindex($key, $index); //通过索引获取list元素 41 $redis->lrange($key, $start, $stop); //获取指定范围内的元素 42 43 $redis->del($key); 44 45 //redis set 无序集合 46 $redis->sadd($key, \'val1\', \'val2\'); //向集合中添加多个元素 47 $redis->scard($key); //获取集合元素个数 48 $redis->spop($key); //移除并获取集合内随机一个元素 49 $redis->srem($key, \'val1\', \'val2\'); //移除集合的多个元素 50 $redis->sismember($key, \'val1\'); //判断元素是否存在于集合内 51 52 $redis->del($key); 53 //redis sorted set 有序集合 54 //有序集合里的元素都和一个分数score关联，就靠这个分数score对元素进行排序 55 $redis->zadd($key, $score1, $val1, $score2, $val2); //向集合内添加多个元素 56 $redis->zcard($key); //获取集合内元素总数 57 $redis->zcount($key, $minScore, $maxScore); //获取集合内分类范围内的元素 58 $redis->zrem($key, $member1, $member2); //移除集合内多个元素
附：Redis类的源码
1 <?php 2 /** 3 * Helper autocomplete for php redis extension 4 * @author Max Kamashev <max.kamashev@gmail.com> 5 * @link https://github.com/ukko/phpredis-phpdoc 6 * 7 * @method echo string $string Sends a string to Redis, which replies with the same string 8 * 9 * @method eval( $script, $args = array(), $numKeys = 0 ) 10 * Evaluate a LUA script serverside 11 * @param string $script 12 * @param array $args 13 * @param int $numKeys 14 * @return Mixed. What is returned depends on what the LUA script itself returns, which could be a scalar value 15 * (int/string), or an array. Arrays that are returned can also contain other arrays, if that\'s how it was set up in 16 * your LUA script. If there is an error executing the LUA script, the getLastError() function can tell you the 17 * message that came back from Redis (e.g. compile error). 18 * @link http://redis.io/commands/eval 19 * @example 20 * <pre> 21 * $redis->eval("return 1"); // Returns an integer: 1 22 * $redis->eval("return {1,2,3}"); // Returns Array(1,2,3) 23 * $redis->del(\'mylist\'); 24 * $redis->rpush(\'mylist\',\'a\'); 25 * $redis->rpush(\'mylist\',\'b\'); 26 * $redis->rpush(\'mylist\',\'c\'); 27 * // Nested response: Array(1,2,3,Array(\'a\',\'b\',\'c\')); 28 * $redis->eval("return {1,2,3,redis.call(\'lrange\',\'mylist\',0,-1)}}"); 29 * </pre> 30 * 31 */ 32 class Redis 33 { 34 const AFTER = \'after\'; 35 const BEFORE = \'before\'; 36 37 /** 38 * Options 39 */ 40 const OPT_SERIALIZER = 1; 41 const OPT_PREFIX = 2; 42 const OPT_READ_TIMEOUT = 3; 43 const OPT_SCAN = 4; 44 45 /** 46 * Serializers 47 */ 48 const SERIALIZER_NONE = 0; 49 const SERIALIZER_PHP = 1; 50 const SERIALIZER_IGBINARY = 2; 51 52 /** 53 * Multi 54 */ 55 const ATOMIC = 0; 56 const MULTI = 1; 57 const PIPELINE = 2; 58 59 /** 60 * Type 61 */ 62 const REDIS_NOT_FOUND = 0; 63 const REDIS_STRING = 1; 64 const REDIS_SET = 2; 65 const REDIS_LIST = 3; 66 const REDIS_ZSET = 4; 67 const REDIS_HASH = 5; 68 69 70 /** 71 * Scan 72 */ 73 const SCAN_NORETRY = 0; 74 const SCAN_RETRY = 1; 75 76 /** 77 * Creates a Redis client 78 * 79 * @example $redis = new Redis(); 80 */ 81 public function __construct( ) {} 82 83 /** 84 * Connects to a Redis instance. 85 * 86 * @param string $host can be a host, or the path to a unix domain socket 87 * @param int $port optional 88 * @param float $timeout value in seconds (optional, default is 0.0 meaning unlimited) 89 * @return bool TRUE on success, FALSE on error. 90 * <pre> 91 * $redis->connect(\'127.0.0.1\', 6379); 92 * $redis->connect(\'127.0.0.1\'); // port 6379 by default 93 * $redis->connect(\'127.0.0.1\', 6379, 2.5); // 2.5 sec timeout. 94 * $redis->connect(\'/tmp/redis.sock\'); // unix domain socket. 95 * </pre> 96 */ 97 public function connect( $host, $port = 6379, $timeout = 0.0 ) {} 98 99 /** 100 * Set the string value in argument as value of the key, with a time to live. 101 * 102 * @param string $key 103 * @param int $ttl in milliseconds 104 * @param string $value 105 * @return bool: TRUE if the command is successful. 106 * @link http://redis.io/commands/setex 107 * $redis->psetex(\'key\', 100, \'value\'); // sets key → value, with 0.1 sec TTL. 108 */ 109 public function psetex($key, $ttl, $value) {} 110 111 /** 112 * Scan a set for members. 113 * 114 * @see scan() 115 * @param string $key 116 * @param int $iterator 117 * @param string $pattern 118 * @param int $count 119 * @return array|bool 120 */ 121 public function sScan($key, $iterator, $pattern = \'\', $count = 0) {} 122 123 /** 124 * Scan the keyspace for keys. 125 * 126 * @param int $iterator 127 * @param string $pattern 128 * @param int $count How many keys to return in a go (only a sugestion to Redis) 129 * @return array|bool an array of keys or FALSE if there are no more keys 130 * @link http://redis.io/commands/scan 131 * <pre> 132 * $it = NULL; // Initialize our iterator to NULL 133 * $redis->setOption(Redis::OPT_SCAN, Redis::SCAN_RETRY); // retry when we get no keys back 134 * while($arr_keys = $redis->scan($it)) { 135 * foreach($arr_keys as $str_key) { 136 * echo "Here is a key: $str_key\\n"; 137 * } 138 * echo "No more keys to scan!\\n"; 139 * } 140 * </pre> 141 */ 142 public function scan($iterator, $pattern = \'\', $count = 0) {} 143 144 /** 145 * Scan a sorted set for members, with optional pattern and count. 146 * 147 * @see scan() 148 * @param string $key 149 * @param int $iterator 150 * @param string $pattern 151 * @param int $count 152 * @return array|bool 153 */ 154 public function zScan($key, $iterator, $pattern = \'\', $count = 0) {} 155 156 /** 157 * Scan a HASH value for members, with an optional pattern and count. 158 * 159 * @see scan() 160 * @param string $key 161 * @param int $iterator 162 * @param string $pattern 163 * @param int $count 164 * @return array 165 */ 166 public function hScan($key, $iterator, $pattern = \'\', $count = 0) {} 167 168 169 170 /** 171 * Issue the CLIENT command with various arguments. 172 * @param string $command list | getname | setname | kill 173 * @param string $arg 174 * @return mixed 175 * @link http://redis.io/commands/client-list 176 * @link http://redis.io/commands/client-getname 177 * @link http://redis.io/commands/client-setname 178 * @link http://redis.io/commands/client-kill 179 * <pre> 180 * $redis->client(\'list\'); 181 * $redis->client(\'getname\'); 182 * $redis->client(\'setname\', \'somename\'); 183 * $redis->client(\'kill\', <ip:port>); 184 * </pre> 185 * 186 * 187 * CLIENT LIST will return an array of arrays with client information. 188 * CLIENT GETNAME will return the client name or false if none has been set 189 * CLIENT SETNAME will return true if it can be set and false if not 190 * CLIENT KILL will return true if the client can be killed, and false if not 191 */ 192 public function client($command, $arg = \'\') {} 193 194 /** 195 * Access the Redis slow log. 196 * 197 * @param string $command get | len | reset 198 * @return mixed 199 * @link http://redis.io/commands/slowlog 200 * <pre> 201 * // Get ten slowlog entries 202 * $redis->slowlog(\'get\', 10); 203 * 204 * // Get the default number of slowlog entries 205 * $redis->slowlog(\'get\'); 206 * 207 * // Reset our slowlog 208 * $redis->slowlog(\'reset\'); 209 * 210 * // Retrieve slowlog length 211 * $redis->slowlog(\'len\'); 212 * </pre> 213 */ 214 public function slowlog($command) {} 215 216 /** 217 * @see connect() 218 * @param string $host 219 * @param int $port 220 * @param float $timeout 221 */ 222 public function open( $host, $port = 6379, $timeout = 0.0 ) {} 223 224 /** 225 * Connects to a Redis instance or reuse a connection already established with pconnect/popen. 226 * 227 * The connection will not be closed on close or end of request until the php process ends. 228 * So be patient on to many open FD\'s (specially on redis server side) when using persistent connections on 229 * many servers connecting to one redis server. 230 * 231 * Also more than one persistent connection can be made identified by either host + port + timeout 232 * or unix socket + timeout. 233 * 234 * This feature is not available in threaded versions. pconnect and popen then working like their non persistent 235 * equivalents. 236 * 237 * @param string $host can be a host, or the path to a unix domain socket 238 * @param int $port optional 239 * @param float $timeout value in seconds (optional, default is 0 meaning unlimited) 240 * @return bool TRUE on success, FALSE on ertcnror. 241 * <pre> 242 * $redis->connect(\'127.0.0.1\', 6379); 243 * $redis->connect(\'127.0.0.1\'); // port 6379 by default 244 * $redis->connect(\'127.0.0.1\', 6379, 2.5); // 2.5 sec timeout. 245 * $redis->connect(\'/tmp/redis.sock\'); // unix domain socket. 246 * </pre> 247 */ 248 public function pconnect( $host, $port = 6379, $timeout = 0.0 ) {} 249 250 /** 251 * @see pconnect() 252 * @param string $host 253 * @param int $port 254 * @param float $timeout 255 */ 256 public function popen( $host, $port = 6379, $timeout = 0.0 ) {} 257 258 /** 259 * Disconnects from the Redis instance, except when pconnect is used. 260 */ 261 public function close( ) {} 262 263 /** 264 * Set client option. 265 * 266 * @param string $name parameter name 267 * @param string $value parameter value 268 * @return bool: TRUE on success, FALSE on error. 269 * @example 270 * <pre> 271 * $redis->setOption(Redis::OPT_SERIALIZER, Redis::SERIALIZER_NONE); // don\'t serialize data 272 * $redis->setOption(Redis::OPT_SERIALIZER, Redis::SERIALIZER_PHP); // use built-in serialize/unserialize 273 * $redis->setOption(Redis::OPT_SERIALIZER, Redis::SERIALIZER_IGBINARY); // use igBinary serialize/unserialize 274 * $redis->setOption(Redis::OPT_PREFIX, \'myAppName:\'); // use custom prefix on all keys 275 * </pre> 276 */ 277 public function setOption( $name, $value ) {} 278 279 /** 280 * Get client option 281 * 282 * @param string $name parameter name 283 * @return int Parameter value. 284 * @example 285 * // return Redis::SERIALIZER_NONE, Redis::SERIALIZER_PHP, or Redis::SERIALIZER_IGBINARY. 286 * $redis->getOption(Redis::OPT_SERIALIZER); 287 */ 288 public function getOption( $name ) {} 289 290 /** 291 * Check the current connection status 292 * 293 * @return string STRING: +PONG on success. Throws a RedisException object on connectivity error, as described above. 294 * @link http://redis.io/commands/ping 295 */ 296 public function ping( ) {} 297 298 /** 299 * Get the value related to the specified key 300 * 301 * @param string $key 302 * @return string|bool: If key didn\'t exist, FALSE is returned. Otherwise, the value related to this key is returned. 303 * @link http://redis.io/commands/get 304 * @example $redis->get(\'key\'); 305 */ 306 public function get( $key ) {} 307 308 309 /** 310 * Set the string value in argument as value of the key. 311 * 312 * @param string $key 313 * @param string $value 314 * @param int $timeout [optional] Calling setex() is preferred if you want a timeout. 315 * @return bool: TRUE if the command is successful. 316 * @link http://redis.io/commands/set 317 * @example $redis->set(\'key\', \'value\'); 318 */ 319 public function set( $key, $value, $timeout = 0 ) {} 320 321 /** 322 * Set the string value in argument as value of the key, with a time to live. 323 * 324以上是关于php使用redis的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章