LeetCode 606. Construct String from Binary Tree

Posted 2021-01-25 A-Little-Nut

You need to construct a string consists of parenthesis and integers from a binary tree with the preorder traversing way.

The null node needs to be represented by empty parenthesis pair “()”. And you need to omit all the empty parenthesis pairs that don’t affect the one-to-one mapping relationship between the string and the original binary tree.

Example 1:

Input: Binary tree: [1,2,3,4]
       1
     /       2     3
   /    
  4     

Output:  "1(2(4))(3)"

Explanation: Originallay it needs to be "1(2(4)())(3()())", 
but you need to omit all the unnecessary empty parenthesis pairs. 
And it will be "1(2(4))(3)".

Example 2:

Input: Binary tree: [1,2,3,null,4]
       1
     /       2     3
       
      4 

Output: "1(2()(4))(3)"

Explanation: Almost the same as the first example, 
except we can't omit the first parenthesis pair to break the one-to-one mapping relationship between the input and the outp

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    void dfs(string &s,TreeNode*t){
         if(t==NULL)
            return ;
         s+=to_string(t->val);
         s.insert(s.end(),1,'(');
         dfs(s,t->left);
         s.insert(s.end(),1,')');
         s.insert(s.end(),1,'(');
         dfs(s,t->right);
         s.insert(s.end(),1,')');
    }
      string tree2str(TreeNode* t) {
           string s;
           dfs(s,t);
           for(int i=0;i+4<=s.size();i++)//修改string，删除叶子节点的空左右儿子
            if(s.substr(i,4)=="()()")
               s.erase(i,4);
           for(int i=0;i+3<=s.size();i++)//修改string，删除节点的空右儿子
            if(s.substr(i,3)==")()")
               s.erase(i+1,2);    
           return s;
    }
};