CentOS7搭建DNS域名解析服务器

Posted 2020-12-13 飛言緋語

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1. 安装 BIND 服务器软件并启动

yum -y install bind bind-utils
systemctl start named.service  // 启动服务
systemctl enable named  // 设为开机启动

1.1. 查看named进程是否正常启动

ps -eaf|grep named // 检查进程
ss -nult|grep :53 // 检查监听端口

如图:

1.2. 开放 TCP 和 UDP 的 53 端口

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=53/tcp
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=53/udp
firewall-cmd --reload  // 重新加载防火墙配置，让配置生效

2. DNS 服务的相关配置文件

2.1. 修改主要文件 `/etc/named.conf`

修改前先备份： cp -p /etc/named.conf /etc/named.conf.bak // 参数-p表示备份文件与源文件的属性一致。
修改配置：vi /etc/named.conf ，配置内容如下：

options {
        listen-on port 53 { any; };
        listen-on-v6 port 53 { any; };
        directory       "/var/named";
        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
        allow-query     { any; };

        /*
         - If you are building an AUTHORITATIVE DNS server, do NOT enable recursion.
         - If you are building a RECURSIVE (caching) DNS server, you need to enable
           recursion.
         - If your recursive DNS server has a public IP address, you MUST enable access
           control to limit queries to your legitimate users. Failing to do so will
           cause your server to become part of large scale DNS amplification
           attacks. Implementing BCP38 within your network would greatly
           reduce such attack surface
        */
        recursion yes;

        dnssec-enable yes;
        dnssec-validation yes;

        /* Path to ISC DLV key */
        bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";

        managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";

        pid-file "/run/named/named.pid";
        session-keyfile "/run/named/session.key";
};

检查一波

named-checkconf  // 检查named.conf是否有语法问题

2.2. 配置正向解析和反向解析

2.2.1. 修改/etc/named.rfc1912.zones

添加配置： vi /etc/named.rfc1912.zones ，配置内容如下：

zone "reading.zt" IN {
        type master;
        file "named.reading.zt";
        allow-update { none; };
};

zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
        type master;
        file "named.192.168.0";
        allow-update { none; };
};

2.2.2. 添加正向解析域

基于 name.localhost 模板，创建配置文件：cp -p /var/named/named.localhost /var/named/named.reading.zt
配置正向域名解析文件 named.reading.zt ： vi /var/named/named.reading.zt ，配置内容如下：

$TTL 1D
@   IN SOA  @ rname.invalid. (
                    0   ; serial
                    1D  ; refresh
                    1H  ; retry
                    1W  ; expire
                    3H )    ; minimum
    NS  @
    A   127.0.0.1
    AAAA    ::1
mirror  A   192.168.0.233
test    A   192.168.0.232

说明：

http://mirror.reading.zt/ 将会解析为 http://192.168.0.233/

授权 named 用户 chown :named /var/named/named.reading.zt
检查区域文件是否正确 named-checkzone "reading.zt" "/var/named/named.reading.zt" ，如图：

2.2.3. 添加反向解析域

基于 name.localhost 模板，创建配置文件： cp -p /var/named/named.localhost /var/named/named.192.168.0
配置反向域名解析文件 named.192.168.0 ： vi /var/named/named.192.168.0

$TTL 1D
@   IN SOA  @ rname.invalid. (
                    0   ; serial
                    1D  ; refresh
                    1H  ; retry
                    1W  ; expire
                    3H )    ; minimum
    NS  @
    A   127.0.0.1
    AAAA    ::1
233 PTR mirror.reading.zt
232 PTR test.reading.zt

授权 named 用户 chown :named /var/named/named.192.168.0
检查区域文件是否正确 named-checkzone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" "/var/named/named.192.168.0" ，如图：

2.2.4. 重启 named 服务，让配置生效

重启 named 服务，让配置生效 systemctl restart named

3. 在 Linux 下的 DNS 客户端的设置及测试

3.1. 注册域名解析服务器到配置文件

配置 ifcfg-xxxx vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3 ，具体内容如下：

TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
IPADDR=192.168.0.236
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.1
DNS1=192.168.0.236  // 新增，本机就是域名解析服务器
DNS2=8.8.8.8
DNS3=114.114.114.114
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=enp0s3
UUID=1639f78b-d515-4110-80ad-f1700bf7db84
DEVICE=enp0s3
ONBOOT=yes
ZONE=public

如图：